00:00Imagine if we could bring water from other space bodies in our solar system to Earth.
00:05We know that each planet, and even moons in our system, have their own unique flavor of water.
00:11So what would happen if we drained them all? Let's see!
00:15First up, we have Mars.
00:17The red planet might not have beach resorts like Earth, but it's got something special – frozen water.
00:23Up at the tippy-top and down at the bottom of Mars, there are these awesome icy hats called polar ice caps.
00:30The northern cap is made of water and carbon dioxide.
00:33The southern cap is a bit fancier because it's mostly made of water ice.
00:37If Mars had its own polar bears, they would feel right at home there.
00:42In the winter, it gets even bigger as more stuff freezes onto it.
00:46And during Mars' summertime, these ice caps get a bit smaller, with some ice turning into gas.
00:52And don't forget about the frozen water hiding in the ground.
00:56Mars might look all rocky and dusty, but it's also got pockets of frozen water beneath the surface.
01:03So what if we took all this frozen Martian water and poured it onto Earth?
01:08Well, there would be some twists.
01:10Martian water is a bit different from Earth's.
01:13It has extra deuterium ice cubes inside.
01:16Deuterium is a cousin of regular hydrogen.
01:19It's a bit heavier and has an extra little buddy in its nucleus.
01:22And here's the thing.
01:25Earth life, including plants, animals, and aquatic critters, has evolved to love our hydrogen-rich water.
01:32Martian water's extra deuterium might be like giving them a different kind of drink they're not used to.
01:39Plants might change and start behaving in unexpected ways, as well as animals and fish.
01:44Plants might find Martian water a bit heavy to sip, like drinking a super-thick milkshake instead of a refreshing smoothie.
01:52Some might grow taller and stronger, while others might need a bit of time to get used to the new taste.
01:58As for animals, things get a bit more mysterious here.
02:02The effects would vary and depend on many factors.
02:05They might start behaving differently, eating different things in different amounts, becoming less or more energetic, and so on.
02:12High deuterium water might also influence the growth and development of animals.
02:16And they could catch many different infections and diseases.
02:20Same for fish and aquatic life?
02:23The metabolic processes of fish might change a lot, maybe even slow down or be less efficient.
02:29They could also catch a lot of health issues and imbalance.
02:33Possibly, the entire ecosystem would have to adjust to the new water.
02:38It's hard to say for sure, since we never tested anything like that, but it wouldn't be very pleasant for fish.
02:45Introducing Martian water on Earth would be a huge experiment.
02:49Our Earth is a delicate dance of ecosystems, so it would be like throwing a ball into a well-organized anthill.
02:56But Mars isn't the only celestial body in our solar system that has water.
03:01We also found some on the planet's moons.
03:04For example, on Europa, one of Jupiter's many satellites.
03:08Europa might look like a plain old ice ball on the outside.
03:12But underneath that icy crust, there's a hidden ocean that's more mysterious than a treasure map.
03:18But this ocean wouldn't be your ordinary swim spot.
03:21It's super cold, covered with lots of ice.
03:24However, even though it's freezing, scientists believe it might be able to stay liquid because of something called tidal heating.
03:32Tidal heating is what happens when one object in space gets all cuddly with another object.
03:38For example, if the moon is hanging out around a planet, the planet's gravity pulls on the moon, making it stretch and squish a little bit.
03:46And that's where the heat comes from.
03:48When you stretch and squish like that, it takes a bit of effort.
03:52It creates friction and heat inside the moon.
03:55And that's why the ocean itself doesn't turn into a gigantic ice block.
04:00In our case, it's because Europa is getting tugged and pulled by Jupiter with its enormous gravity.
04:06What's even more exciting is that this ocean could be a place for extraterrestrial life to hang out.
04:12We know that there are some bacteria that don't care about all these crazy temperatures.
04:17So, if there's water, there might be some life.
04:21But that's just a possibility.
04:24Another moon with a cold ocean is Enceladus, one of Saturn's satellites.
04:28This little moon is impressive.
04:30It got a dazzling, icy outfit that reflects sunlight like a space disco ball.
04:36Now, imagine you're walking on Enceladus, and suddenly, whoosh!
04:40Water vapors shoot out of the ground like a geyser at a water park.
04:43These icy geysers are like nature's super soakers, and they're shooting water and ice crystals way up high into space.
04:51Some of them make a beautiful ring around Saturn called the E-ring, like a shiny bracelet made of frozen water.
04:58And we found more than 100 of them on Enceladus.
05:02You might be wondering, where's all this water coming from?
05:05Well, just like with Europa, beneath Enceladus' icy crust, there's a hidden ocean.
05:10This ocean is so deep that you could stack a bunch of skyscrapers on top of each other, and it still wouldn't reach the bottom.
05:18Anyway, let's go back to our wild idea, bringing water from the secret oceans of Europa and Enceladus right here to Earth.
05:26If we did that, we would create some chaos.
05:29These extraterrestrial waters have their own unique flavors, incompatible with our oceans.
05:35Europa's ocean water could be a bit salty with extra minerals, like a fancy spa water that's great for your skin.
05:42Enceladus' geyser water could be super sparkling, with some salt as well.
05:47That doesn't sound too bad, right?
05:49However, we're still not sure what else might be in that water.
05:53So, just like with Martian water, our marine life might start doing the water cha-cha with these new ingredients.
06:01Some species might find the new waters extra tasty and thrive, while others could have a much less pleasant time.
06:08Before we know the effects for sure, we need to study both moons in more detail.
06:13But all these celestial bodies have Earth-like water.
06:16What about, for example, another Saturn moon, Titan?
06:20Titan is a whole new world of seas and lakes, but not the kind you'd find on Earth.
06:26These lakes are filled with ethane and methane.
06:29They're made of hydrocarbons, like the stuff in your car's gas tank.
06:32Yes, exactly.
06:34These lakes are precious pools of fuel.
06:37And Titan's got way more of this fuel than Earth has oil and gas combined.
06:41They could also have a pinch of propane, and even a sprinkle of other things, like hydrogen cyanide.
06:48Not a cocktail you'd want to drink.
06:50And they're also incredibly cold.
06:53Rain made of ethylene may erode the land and create underground caves.
06:57Oh, and Titan's lakes could have bubbles.
07:00It's like bubbles in your drink, but on a whole moon-sized level.
07:04These bubbles might be filled with nitrogen gas, and they could burst out like fireworks in the lakes.
07:09And when the bubbles pop, they might shape Titan's river deltas.
07:14As you can imagine, it's not the best liquid to bring to Earth.
07:18Our lakes and oceans would turn into exotic pools of hydrocarbons.
07:22Imagine lakes that don't ripple like water, but instead shimmer like liquid fuel.
07:27We'd have to find ways to adapt to this completely unfamiliar environment.
07:32Also, the hydrocarbons in Titan's lakes could solidify and turn into ice under Earth's different conditions.
07:38Imagine seeing chunks of icebergs floating on what used to be our oceans.
07:43Our boats might have to be redesigned to navigate through these icebergs.
07:48Also, rain wouldn't be water, and the winds would be much stronger than we're used to.
07:53Our cities, buildings, and infrastructure might have a tough time dealing with these extreme conditions.
07:59Not to mention the fact that this entire operation would really disrupt our ecosystems.
08:04What would happen to them is very unpredictable, but it wouldn't be good.
08:10We must remember, Earth's been perfecting its water mix for billions of years.
08:14Playing around with that mix could be like playing with a volcano.
08:18So let's appreciate and treasure our perfect Earth with its perfect water.
08:23I'll drink to that.
08:25That's it for today.
08:26So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share it with your friends.
08:31Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the bright side!
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