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  • 6/19/2025

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00:00U.S. Bangla Airlines Flight 211 struggles on approach to Kathmandu Airport.
00:07It's very dangerous and the visibility is low in that area.
00:11The plane was flying close to the ground.
00:18Sir! Sir!
00:21I thought that no one was alive there.
00:3151 people are killed.
00:35Investigators try to determine if there was something wrong with the plane.
00:39Let's take a look at these inputs. They're so extreme.
00:43Or with the pilots.
00:45I want a bloody written explanation when I come back to Dhaka.
00:51D. D. D. D. D.
00:57Oh, fuck!
00:59I mean 102-Having US, thank you.
01:02I have zero.
01:06U.S. Bangla Flight 211 cruises above the Himalayas.
01:14U.S. Bangla Flight 211 cruises above the Himalayas.
01:21Captain Abid Sultan is at the controls. He has more than 5,000 flying hours.
01:31Request for descent.
01:34Yes, it's time.
01:36First officer Pritula Rashid is a newcomer to US Bangla Airlines.
01:42At age 25, she has less than 400 hours of flying time.
01:46Kathmandu, BS-211. Request descent.
01:52BS-211, Kathmandu, approach. Descent to flight level 160.
01:59Kathmandu, BS-211. Flight level 160.
02:04Good.
02:09Their destination is Kathmandu Airport in Nepal.
02:13There are 67 passengers and two cabin attendants on board.
02:23Basanta Bahora, a Nepalese travel agent, is returning from a business trip in Bangladesh.
02:31We went to a travel agency award ceremony for three or four days.
02:35Ten top agencies were sponsored by US Bangla.
02:37And we went to receive an award.
02:40We attended the event and then returned home.
02:46It's a 90-minute flight from Dhaka to Kathmandu.
02:53Kathmandu Airport is in the foothills of the Himalayas.
02:56It's on high ground.
02:58And although it's in a valley, it's on very uneven ground.
03:01Pilots consider it to be one of the most challenging airports in the world.
03:07The crew is flying a Bombardier Dash 8 Q400.
03:12It's a small plane and it has low operational costs and is very popular with small airlines who are looking to keep their costs down.
03:22Kathmandu, BS-211. Descent to 13,500 feet and hold over Kuras.
03:29BS-211. Descent to 13,500 feet and hold at Kuras.
03:36BS-211 is six minutes ahead of schedule.
03:40The controller gives the crew instructions to go into a holding pattern when they get to their next navigation point.
03:47Do you remember how to enter or hold?
03:49Nav page.
03:53Maneuver.
03:55Very good.
03:55The captain was extremely experienced and an instructor.
04:01He had flown in and out of Kathmandu repeatedly.
04:04He knew the route.
04:05He knew the plane better than anyone at that airline.
04:10I'm looking forward to getting home.
04:13The flight was absolutely normal.
04:15Some were reading newspapers.
04:17Others were talking to each other.
04:18I'm looking forward to getting home.
04:19I'm looking forward to getting home.
04:20I'm looking forward to getting home.
04:21I'm looking forward to getting home.
04:26BS-211 is now 20 miles from Kathmandu.
04:32First officer Rashid makes contact with air traffic control at the airport.
04:37Kathmandu Tower, BS-211, finals, runway 02.
04:43BS-211 Tower, wind 8 knots, runway 02, continue approach.
04:48BS-211 is on final approach to runway 02.
04:57Tribouvan International Airport has one 10,000-foot airstrip.
05:03Planes approaching the airport from the south land on runway 02 and from the north on runway 20.
05:10The two runway references are based on in which direction you are using the runway.
05:18Obviously, you do not want planes coming and going in both directions.
05:22The aircraft is now three miles from runway 02.
05:26BS-211, wind 220 degrees, runway 02, clear to land.
05:32Clear to land, bundles are 211.
05:35But BS-211 isn't ready to land.
05:44Have you seen the runway?
05:50No, not yet.
05:52No problem.
05:53It'll be in front.
06:00BS-211, you were given landing clearance to runway 02.
06:02Affirmative, ma'am.
06:09BS-211, you were going towards runway 20.
06:15BS-211 has overflown the entire runway and is now headed north towards the mountains.
06:22I think we're going to runway 02.
06:24Concerned by what he's seeing, the supervising controller steps in to assist flight 211.
06:32Okay, Bangalistar, 211, runway 20, clear to land.
06:39Kathmandu Air Traffic Control redirects BS-211 to turn left and land on runway 20.
06:46Can you see the runway?
06:50Everything is all set up, but we're not seeing the runway.
06:57No runway yet.
06:59That means the runway is to our right.
07:01At the time, the plane was flying close to the ground.
07:14We realized something was wrong.
07:16To complicate matters, there's another plane two miles out on final approach to the runway.
07:25Buddha 282, descent to target altitude.
07:30Runway 02, clear to land.
07:32Runway 02, clear to land.
07:34Descent to altitude.
07:36Buddha 282.
07:42What is he doing?
07:44BS-211, traffic at final 02 at 2 miles.
07:50The controller warns BS-211 about the inbound plane.
07:55It's one runway.
07:58It's a single piece of real estate.
08:00And obviously, what you can't have is both directions of the runway functioning at once.
08:05It's a head-on collision.
08:08BS-211, do not proceed towards runway 20.
08:11Traffic is on short final, runway 02.
08:14Clear to hold your present position.
08:16Copy.
08:17Tell us no, sir.
08:18One aircraft last.
08:18The inbound plane lands on runway 02.
08:29BS-211, runway is clear to land.
08:31Either runway 02 or 20.
08:35Sir, we would like to land runway 20.
08:38Okay, runway 20, clear to land.
08:40Wind 270 degrees, 6 knots.
08:44Copy.
08:44Clear to land.
08:50But the plane isn't lining up with the runway.
08:58Bang, Mr. 211, turn right.
09:00You have the runway to land.
09:02Confirm you have the runway in sight.
09:06Negative.
09:07Where is the runway?
09:11Sir, runway.
09:12Runway, runway 3 o'clock.
09:15Affirmative.
09:15We have runway in sight.
09:17Proquest clear to land, sir.
09:20BS-211, clear to land.
09:30He's landing up for the taxiway.
09:34BS-211, that is not the runway.
09:36Over.
09:36That's not the runway.
09:37BS-211, that is not the runway.
09:39I say again.
09:39The pilots make a last-minute adjustment to try to line up their plane with the runway.
09:47He's past the threshold, and at that point, the controllers are certainly clear that there is something wrong.
09:55We have the runway in sight.
09:57Oh, my God, sir.
09:57But the airplane is headed directly for the control tower instead.
10:04U.S. Bangla Airlines flight 211 flies wildly off course towards the control tower in Kathmandu.
10:11They think that this plane is flying into them.
10:14The air traffic controllers duck.
10:17The captain swerves straight past them and directly over the passenger terminal before turning again.
10:23He's flying this Dash 8 twin propeller plane like it's a fighter jet.
10:28The pilots of U.S. Bangla Airlines flight 211 struggle desperately to get their planes safely on the ground.
10:37We felt scared.
10:39We were praying to God.
10:45Sir.
10:46Sir.
10:49He manages to almost line up with the runway, and he touches one wheel on the runway about a
10:56third or half of the way down.
10:59I saw the aircraft skid off the runway.
11:04People were thrown around violently inside the plane.
11:06I think they were in the middle of a mile.
11:20U.S. Bangla 211 bursts into flames, 440 meters from the runway.
11:26Firefighter Sagar Rayamaji witnesses the entire crash.
11:34When I saw the explosion, I thought that no one was alive there.
11:45Our fire trucks were immediately on the crash site.
11:49People who were conscious started crying and screaming.
11:58We headed towards a hole where the light was coming from.
12:03I fell on the ground after walking a few steps away from the plane.
12:07Not everyone is so fortunate.
12:1649 people are dead, including both pilots.
12:20At a Kathmandu hospital, family and friends wait for news of their loved ones.
12:32Of the 22 passengers who survived, two die in hospital.
12:37A multinational commission is formed to investigate the tragedy.
12:49It consists of delegates from Nepal, Bangladesh and Canada,
12:53representing the Canadian manufacturer of the Dash 8, Bombardier.
12:57Let's see what the wreckage can tell us.
13:09The objective of the investigation was to find out the actual cause of accident
13:13and to try to prevent similar accident in the future.
13:16What caused the plane to veer off the runway?
13:22Kept going for a while.
13:24Hit this berm.
13:26Then flipped upside down.
13:30What caused the plane to veer off the runway?
13:34Was there a mechanical issue with the aircraft?
13:39Hard to tell what was and wasn't working.
13:43The aircraft was broken into two pieces.
13:49The fuse was broken and most of the parts were engulfed in fire, post-crash fire.
13:53And the cockpit was completely smashed.
14:00The team gets a lucky break.
14:03Yeah, good work.
14:05The aircraft's flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder have survived the fire.
14:11They're sent to Ottawa for analysis by the Canadian Transportation Safety Board.
14:23With no solid leads, investigators try to get some clues from the survivors.
14:28Was there anything unusual about the flight?
14:33No, everything seemed fine until we were supposed to land.
14:37Then things started to feel different.
14:41When I looked outside the window, I could see people and houses close by.
14:47This made me feel that the flight was really close to the ground.
14:53I mean, most of us got it, I think.
14:57Did the pilot provide any updates on what was happening?
15:00None.
15:02As we got closer to landing, things got worse.
15:13We hit the ground hard.
15:16Just get it off the runway.
15:17All right.
15:26The survivor's account leaves investigators wondering why BS-211 was flying so erratically.
15:32Were the pilots dealing with engine failure or some other mechanical issue?
15:40Cue up the recording to just before the plane landed.
15:42Investigators review video footage of the final seconds of flight 2-1-1.
15:54Well, there were several CCTV security cameras which captured different angles of the aircraft during approach.
16:02Wow.
16:10He almost flies right into the control tower.
16:15The plane came approximately 45 feet close to the control tower and disappeared hard left to avoid the tower.
16:23So it was really surprising.
16:25I mean, how could the aircraft make an approach that way?
16:27Another security camera captures the final moments of BS-211.
16:34They're coming in fast.
16:36The plane is banking to the right.
16:39They touched down more than halfway down the runway.
16:41The right landing gear first, then the left.
16:43It touched down pretty hard because the tire marks could be very visible and it was at an angle of approximately 30 to 35 degrees with the fore and aft axis of the runway.
17:00The CCTV footage confirms the survivor's account that the plane was flying erratically before it crashed.
17:10Play it from the top again.
17:13The video is examined more carefully for evidence of a mechanical failure.
17:22The props were working.
17:25The team quickly rules out engine failure.
17:28It's hard to tell from this if there was a flight control issue.
17:34Investigators are no closer to solving the mystery of BS-211.
17:38Investigators turned to air traffic controllers at Kathmandu Airport to determine if US-Bangla flight 211 was struggling with a flight control issue.
17:55Did the crew report any mechanical problems?
17:58Quite the opposite.
18:00The captain seemed very calm as we offered assistance.
18:04We have the runway in sight.
18:06The crew never sounded in alarm.
18:08Never said to the ATC that they were having any mechanical problem with their craft.
18:13Walk me through what happened.
18:14We cleared the plane to land on runway 0-2, but noticed the plane had passed the runway threshold and was flying parallel to the runway.
18:27BS-211, you were given lighting clearance to runway 0-2.
18:33Affirmative, ma'am.
18:35BS-211, you were going towards runway 2-0.
18:38They saw that plane was flying towards runway 2-0.
18:45But that was when the air traffic controller realized that there was some problem going on.
18:50That's when the confusion started.
18:53But instead of turning left and landing, they flew towards the mountains and turned right.
19:00What is he doing?
19:01The next thing we knew, they flew right past the tower.
19:14We thought maybe they were lost.
19:18Talking to the controls, we could find out that the pilot was totally confused as to where he was.
19:24He was not sure about his position.
19:26Can you see the runway?
19:28Everything is all set up, but we are not seeing the runway.
19:30Even though the crew didn't report a control problem, investigators still can't rule it out.
19:44Were both pilots disorientated, lost, as they made the final approach?
19:52Let's have a look.
19:54The team examines the charts the pilots used for their approach into Kathmandu.
19:59The Jefferson chart looks fine.
20:03What about the arrival route chart?
20:10No issues with this one either.
20:13Investigators determined that the pilots had the most recent navigation charts for their approach.
20:17If the charts didn't lead them astray, then what did?
20:24At this point, we're a few weeks into the investigation, and we're still not sure what really went wrong in that flight.
20:32And we're very anxious to get our hands on CVR and FDR.
20:38Pull up the data.
20:39BS-211's flight data recorder is ready for analysis.
20:45Will it reveal if the pilots were in control of their aircraft?
20:51These are the inputs the captain made to the control column.
20:54And these are the actual movements of the flight controls.
20:58Investigators compare the captain's inputs to the actual movements of the plane's flight controls.
21:03They make an important discovery.
21:08They're identical.
21:10The plane was doing everything the captain commanded to do.
21:14The flight data recorder did not indicate any malfunction in the aircraft.
21:19So we definitely could rule out any flight control problem.
21:25Let's see later on the flight.
21:27Take a look at these inputs.
21:33They're so extreme.
21:37Bank angle, bank angle.
21:39Think rate.
21:41The data shows Captain Sultan was making some severe inputs to his control column near the end of the flight.
21:48This coincides with the survivor's account of what happened.
22:00His maneuvering at low level was completely unorthodox.
22:04Think rate.
22:05Bank angle, bank angle.
22:07If there wasn't a flight control problem, why was the captain flying the plane so erratically?
22:13This is the flight path the plane was supposed to take.
22:21To better understand exactly what the plane was doing as it approached the airport,
22:26investigators compile the heading data and chart the exact course of the plane.
22:31And this is the flight path they actually took.
22:35What the data shows is astonishing.
22:39Looks like they drifted way off course.
22:41And flew loops very close to the mountains.
22:45It was very shocking for all of us because that kind of flight pattern we'll not see in a commercial flight.
22:51And in spite of our air traffic controller trying to guide them, they actually did not follow the pattern.
23:02Looks like the trouble started right here.
23:0417 miles out when they arrived at Guras waypoint.
23:06Pilots navigate by following a series of waypoints, or GPS locations, along their flight path.
23:16Guras is the last waypoint into Kathmandu airport.
23:21Guras was the point from where they actually started DVT.
23:28Investigators dig deeper into the FDR data to understand why BS-211 drifted off course at Guras.
23:35They programmed the flight management system for a holding pattern of a Guras.
23:40Here.
23:42The FDR data reveals that the crew pre-programmed a holding pattern about 34 miles before reaching Guras.
23:49And when they reach Guras, it looks like they start their holding pattern.
23:52Right here.
23:52But the heading data shows the crew didn't complete their holding pattern.
24:01The question is, why?
24:03The team turns to the cockpit voice recorder and focuses on what happened as the plane approached Guras.
24:23Let's pick it up where they're descending.
24:26Kathmandu, BS-211.
24:29Descend to 13,500 feet and hold over Guras.
24:35BS-211.
24:36Descend 13,500 feet.
24:38Hold at Guras.
24:41Do you remember how to enter a hold?
24:44We need to be on the nav page.
24:46Then press maneuver.
24:48Nav page.
24:49Maneuver.
24:54Good.
24:55And then enter the inbound course for Guras.
24:59Very good.
25:01They get their instructions to hold once they arrive at Guras.
25:04They program it into the flight management system.
25:07Nothing unusual at this point.
25:08Both the pilots are very calm.
25:13The captain especially was giving some instructional tips to the co-pilot.
25:19It seemed to us there was nothing wrong anywhere at all.
25:23Keep going.
25:24BS-211.
25:26Kathmandu approach.
25:28Descent to 11,500 feet.
25:30Clear for VOR.
25:32Approach on runway 02.
25:34As they're still about three miles out from the Guras waypoint, their approach controller
25:49contacts them to say they no longer have to hold at Guras.
25:52Right here.
25:55This is where they should have canceled the hold.
25:57For some reason, the flight crew didn't cancel the hold.
26:02And this is a critical phase of flight.
26:05Keep going.
26:06What investigators hear next is even more troubling.
26:11Where's my cigarette?
26:12Let me find the thing.
26:14Do you know where I've dropped it?
26:16Look at that fire.
26:16The captain is smoking in the cockpit.
26:19In the middle of one of the most challenging approaches on earth.
26:22And this guy is fumbling around for a cigarette.
26:30U.S. Bangla flight 211 is on approach to Kathmandu airport.
26:35Sir, we're heading into cloud.
26:38When the captain breaks standard operating procedures.
26:43A cockpit is not a place for a cigarette at the best of times.
26:46And so now they're both distracted.
26:49He's saying, but it might burn.
26:50Well, you know, yes.
26:51That's one good reason not to drop your cigarette in a cockpit.
26:57He's so distracted he forgets to cancel the hold.
27:01Smoking is strictly private in the cockpit.
27:03So it was a cross violation from the captain.
27:08Continue.
27:09Could this have anything to do with why the flight drifted off course at waypoint Guras?
27:18Kathmandu, Bangla 211, overhead Guras at 11,500.
27:24Roger.
27:25The controller notices that BS 211 is holding when it should be continuing its approach.
27:43Sir, we're holding.
27:45Tell them we're continuing our approach.
27:52We are continuing approach.
27:55Heading mode on.
27:56Stop.
27:58They finally cancel the hold when the approach controller catches the error.
28:02He then puts the plane into heading mode.
28:03Heading mode steers the aircraft towards a specific heading selected by the pilot.
28:10It's an instruction to the autopilot to follow whatever heading that the captain sets.
28:16It is up to him to ensure that they are flying towards the runway.
28:23In heading mode, the plane is more susceptible to the weather conditions.
28:28He's introduced a serious manual element.
28:33In heading mode, you have to continuously give the heading correction depending on the strength of the wind.
28:41So weather has got a lot to do if only the aircraft is flown by its heading mode.
28:49Maybe the wind blew him, of course.
28:53Now we have to consider the role of the weather and the demise of US Bangla 211.
29:02It was a bit hazy that day.
29:04Investigators examine meteorological records for the day BS 211 crash-landed at Kathmandu Airport.
29:11Runway visibility was still 7km.
29:15It says here the winds were strong from the west, up to 27 knots.
29:20Unfortunately, a very strong wind was coming from the left-hand side.
29:26They're in heading mode.
29:28The winds are from the west.
29:30The plane isn't correcting for the winds.
29:32So they drift off course.
29:34Exactly.
29:34The pilots are looking ahead, but the runway is now off to their left.
29:41That made the aircraft to deviate to the right.
29:44So the aircraft could not maintain its lateral direction with regard to the wind effect.
29:54Have you seen the runway?
29:56No runway yet.
29:58They never saw the runway and just kept on flying.
30:01Do the before landing checklist.
30:03The crew configures the plane for landing.
30:07Landing gear.
30:09Down 3 green.
30:09The captain called down 3 green, confirming the landing gear was down.
30:22And moments later, a warning sounds indicating the landing gear is up.
30:25The captain says nothing about it.
30:27He had lost his situational awareness by then.
30:50He actually did not know where his plane was.
30:57Then, he circles around the other end of the runway.
31:01Narrowly misses the control tower.
31:07Tries to make a near impossible landing.
31:11We are quite surprised our experienced captain, like him, would maneuver their car in such a dangerous way.
31:18That was really surprising for us.
31:22Sir!
31:24Sir!
31:27What could have led the captain to fly this reckless approach?
31:33It seems that he tries to land a plane no matter what.
31:39We needed to look into the captain's background.
31:45The captain was a fighter pilot for 10 years with the Bangladeshi Air Force.
31:49Investigators delve into Captain Abid Sultan's background and discover that he was a highly experienced pilot.
31:57He flew into Kathmandu regularly.
31:59He joined U.S. Bangla in 2015 and he was not just a pilot and a captain there, he was also their Czech pilot.
32:09That means it was his job to do Czech rides for all the other pilots to ensure that they understood the Dash 8s.
32:17With no clear answers as to why Captain Sultan bungled his approach, investigators returned to earlier in the CVR recording for answers.
32:26The captain is a villain.
32:29Played from earlier in the flight.
32:31BS 287, please confirm onboard fuel.
32:36Operations 211.
32:38BS 211, go ahead, sir.
32:40Why the hell do you need onboard fuel?
32:43Why do you ask me their onboard fuel?
32:44Tell me the reason you want to do with onboard fuel.
32:46I want a bloody written explanation when I come back to Dhaka.
32:54The captain's vocal pitch and language indicate he was extremely agitated and stressed.
33:02He blows up and wants to know why they're talking to him and why they're asking him this question.
33:07Well, they weren't.
33:09BS-211. The request is for BS-287. Safe flight, sir.
33:14Don't talk to me about safe flight.
33:16Don't talk to me unless I call you.
33:20He overheard a message and misheard who they were talking to, but he lost his temper and blew up.
33:27He was definitely annoyed, angry, and he was not balanced at that particular moment.
33:35Why is the captain so agitated?
33:38Lamia was the worst trained pilot at US Mangla, but now she's with another airline.
33:42Investigators now hear signs of an emotionally disturbed captain.
33:48She's bad-mouthing US Mangla instructors, including me.
33:55He talks about a female colleague who worked with him in the same airline.
33:59She accused him of not being a good instructor and not being very competent enough to teach.
34:06It's clear the captain's distraught about the accusations.
34:10But this guy's a professional.
34:14Could a complaint from a former colleague have affected Sultan to the point that he crashed the plane?
34:19He's trying to clear his name with the first officer, who is uncomfortable with the whole conversation.
34:40He is having some kind of mental breakdown, and she's not in a position to say,
34:46you aren't safe to fly, we should turn around.
34:52That's not all investigators discover.
34:55According to this, the captain submitted his resignation the day before his fatal flight.
34:59The day before?
35:00He said he tendered his resignation and he was going to leave the company in three months' time,
35:07all because of this false accusation from this female colleague.
35:13It's now clear to the team that Captain Sultan was emotionally unstable.
35:18We needed to look into the medical background of the pilot.
35:23Digging deeper into the captain's military records,
35:28investigators come across some disturbing information.
35:31In 1993, the Bangladesh Air Force discharges him due to depression.
35:38This depression had been the cause of him being forcibly retired from the military.
35:44He didn't leave, he was declared unfit to fly.
35:50A decade later, he starts flying commercially.
35:53He was evaluated in 2003.
35:58He was found to be not suffering from any of the effects of the clinical depression,
36:02and he was found fit to fly.
36:05Was the airline aware of the captain's medical history?
36:11There's no mention of depression in his entire time with the airlines.
36:15How is it the airline didn't know?
36:23Get this, the mental health reports were self-reported.
36:28Self-reported?
36:37US Bangla had no idea that the captain had this history or that he'd ever been banned from flying.
36:43They were relying on him to report his own mental health.
36:49Did the captain's troubled state of mind ultimately lead to the fatal crash landing of US Bangla Flight 211?
36:57What's my next source of income?
37:06Investigators continue listening to Flight 211's cockpit voice recorder.
37:09Do I need to cry like this?
37:13No, no, sir.
37:14The team hears evidence of a man who was desperate to salvage his reputation.
37:34He was stressed out. He was told that he was not a good instructor.
37:40He was trying to prove that he was a good instructor.
37:43He was a good captain. He was a good teacher.
37:48Do you know that I didn't sleep the entire night?
37:51I cried a lot.
37:57To top it all off, the captain was sleep-deprived.
37:59We have a clear sign that this is a pilot who should not be flying a plane.
38:05He's clearly fatigued.
38:07He has not had the requisite number of hours of sleep and rest that he should have had before the flight.
38:13It is his duty to tell US Bangla to contact operations and say,
38:19I am not going to be able to fly this plane.
38:24Investigators finally have a clear picture of what happened on board BS-211.
38:29Lamia was the worst-trained pilot at US Bangla.
38:36But now she's with another airline.
38:40A seasoned pilot with a history of depression was emotionally distraught after having his competence questioned.
38:48She's bad-mouthing US Bangla instructors, including me.
38:51He wanted to leave the company, all because a female colleague has questioned his reputation as an instructor.
39:02He was very hurt to hear that.
39:05Suffering from fatigue...
39:06You know that I didn't sleep the entire night.
39:10I cried a lot.
39:11He begins his approach into one of the most challenging airports in the world.
39:22The captain manages to hold the flight together until...
39:28Where's my cigarette?
39:30He breaks standard operating procedure at a critical moment.
39:35To catch fire.
39:36The distraction causes the captain to mismanage the approach.
39:41Sir, we're heading into cloud.
39:44Consumed by his need to prove to the first officer that he's a good pilot...
39:48Can you see the runway?
39:50Everything's all set up, but we're not seeing the runway.
39:53The captain ignores the warning signs that he's not ready for a safe landing.
39:58Landing gear.
39:59Down three green.
40:00Instead of calling for a go-around, the disoriented captain flies the plane in circles.
40:15And tries to make an impossible landing.
40:20PS2-11, that is not the runway.
40:26Banking, banking.
40:28We have the runway in front.
40:29Banking, banking, banking.
40:31He was maneuvering at low level, flying around the airfield like some sort of top gun pilot.
40:39It was absolutely reckless.
40:49There is no longer piloting going on.
40:53He attempted to land the plane as an act of sheer desperation.
40:57Sir!
40:58Sir!
41:10All he wanted to do was land at any cost.
41:12We concluded that it was exclusively human error that contributed to the cause of this particular accident.
41:39He totally mismanaged the flight.
41:45Investigators recommend that pilots who have been grounded for medical reasons be given thorough physical and psychological examinations before their license can be renewed.
41:55When I remember that day, I always think that I am lucky to have survived.
42:02Many people died, so I thank God.
42:05I'm still scared when I think of that day, but yes, I feel lucky.