00:00Why are onions a major global product?
00:02Onions are one of the world's most traded vegetables.
00:06In 2023, global production hit 106 million tons,
00:10valued at over $30 billion,
00:12thanks to long shelf life and year-round demand.
00:16What types of onions are traded internationally?
00:18Onions come in many forms when it comes to exports.
00:21Yellow onions are the most common,
00:23making up around 75% of global trade.
00:26Red onions are used in salads and pickles.
00:28White onions are common in Latin American cuisines.
00:32Shallots are a premium variety,
00:34known for their mild, sweet flavor.
00:36Dehydrated onions are exported as flakes
00:39or powder to food processors,
00:41while pickled onions find niche markets in Europe and Asia.
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01:08Which onions are the most expensive or cheapest?
01:10Dehydrated onions and shallots fetch up to $2,000 per ton.
01:15Meanwhile, fresh yellow onions from India or Pakistan
01:18can sell for just $150 to $180 per ton,
01:22especially during harvest season.
01:24Where are onion prices high or low?
01:27In Japan, Switzerland, and South Korea,
01:29imported onions sell for $900 to $1,050 per ton.
01:33These countries demand top quality.
01:35In contrast, India and Pakistan
01:37offer onions for as low as $120 to $180 per ton.
01:42These exporters benefit from low production costs
01:45and favorable climates.
01:47Which countries grow and eat the most onions?
01:50China is the world's top onion producer.
01:54India follows closely.
01:55Together, they make up nearly half of global production.
01:58Other big producers include the United States,
02:01Egypt, and Turkey.
02:03As for consumption, India leads again.
02:05In South Asia, onions are a daily essential.
02:08High consumption in countries like Bangladesh and Indonesia
02:11fuels strong import demand throughout the year.
02:14Who are the biggest onion exporters?
02:16In 2023, India was the world's largest onion exporter,
02:21shipping out more than 2.2 million tons,
02:24mainly to Bangladesh, the UAE, and Malaysia.
02:27The Netherlands followed, exporting around 1.8 million tons,
02:31much of it repackaged from imports.
02:33China, Mexico, and Egypt also play major roles
02:37in the global onion trade.
02:39When is the best time to buy or sell onions?
02:42The best time to buy onions is right after harvest.
02:44In India, that's April to May, and again from October to December.
02:49Sellers, on the other hand, get higher prices during off-season periods,
02:53like January to February, or during Ramadan and the summer months.
02:57Prices can rise 30 to 50 percent, depending on the time of year.
03:01What are the customs tariffs for onion exports?
03:04The European Union charges a 9.6 percent import duty
03:08on onions from non-member countries.
03:11Japan's rate is about 8.5 percent.
03:13The United States applies between 0 and 8.3 percent,
03:18depending on the product type.
03:20How are onions packed and shipped?
03:22Onions must be kept cool and dry.
03:24Ideal shipping temperatures are between 0 and 2 degrees Celsius,
03:28with humidity at 65 to 70 percent.
03:32How much does it cost to ship onions?
03:34Shipping cost varies by destination.
03:36India to the UAE costs about $150 to $200 per ton.
03:41Egypt to the EU is around $120 to $160.
03:45Mexico to the U.S., roughly $100 to $140.
03:49Fuel costs, port fees, and container availability all affect the total.
03:54Onions are a worldwide kitchen essential and a strong export option,
03:58with steady demand that delivers solid profits for growers and traders.
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