How Israel Was Created by Displacing the Arabs

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00:001948, a year when history changed forever.

00:05On one side, the state of Israel was born, and on the other, hundreds of thousands of

00:11Palestinians were displaced.

00:14Israelis say, if the Palestinians had accepted the UN proposal, today, two states could have

00:20coexisted peacefully.

00:23But why didn't the Arab countries accept that proposal?

00:27Why were they defeated?

00:29Why is the Palestinian crisis still unresolved?

00:33Let's turn back the pages of history, and uncover the full story of the birth of Israel

00:39and the defeat of the Arabs.

00:42How the state of Israel was created by pushing the Arabs away

00:47Two miles north of Gaza, Palestine, is the Kibbutz area.

00:51In the 1930s, Jews from Poland set up agricultural farms there.

00:56Right next to them lived Palestinian Arabs.

00:59The Arabs had been living on that land for centuries.

01:02At that time, the relationship between Muslims and Jews was fairly friendly.

01:06But, in the 1930s, the Palestinians began to realize they were slowly losing their land.

01:13Jews started coming in groups and buying land.

01:16At the time of Israel's establishment, nearly 700,000 Palestinians were displaced.

01:21They thought they would return home once the issue was resolved.

01:25But Israel never gave them the chance to return.

01:29Former Israeli President Shimon Peri said,

01:31Why should we apologize for their mistake?

01:44Since 1897, the Jews had wanted to establish a separate state.

01:49From 1917 to 1948, Palestine was under British control.

01:56In 1917, Britain captured Jerusalem from the Ottomans.

02:01British Foreign Secretary Lord Balfour wrote a letter to Jewish leader Rothschild.

02:06This letter is known as the Balfour Declaration.

02:09It promised the Jews a homeland in Palestine.

02:12The growing anti-Jewish sentiment in Europe increased their desire for a state.

02:17In 1933, Hitler began persecuting Jews.

02:21Thousands of Jews started fleeing to Palestine.

02:24Palestinian Arabs realized their existence was under threat.

02:28They rebelled, targeting British soldiers and Jewish civilians.

02:32But the British harshly suppressed the rebellion.

02:35Divisions arose within the Arab society.

02:38Meanwhile, Jews began preparing to establish a state.

02:42Britain wanted to stay close to both Arabs and Jews.

02:45In 1939, Britain announced that 75,000 Jewish immigrants could come in the next five years.

02:52Jews were outraged by this decision.

02:54They planned to fight both Hitler and Britain.

02:5732,000 Jews joined the British army.

03:00They received military training.

03:02Later, these Jewish soldiers fought against both the Arabs and the British.

03:07During World War II, Hitler killed millions of Jews.

03:11After the war, a new reality emerged.

03:14Where would the surviving Jews go?

03:16Then U.S. President Truman wanted to quickly allow 100,000 Jews to settle in Palestine.

03:22Britain feared this would lead to civil war.

03:24Jewish armed groups began attacking British forces.

03:27Meanwhile, ships loaded with Jews started arriving from Europe.

03:31British attempts to stop them failed.

03:34International pressure increased.

03:36Palestine took the issue to the United Nations.

03:39In November 1947, the U.N. announced.

03:43Palestine would be divided into two states, one for Jews, one for Arabs.

03:48Jews owned only 10% of the land, but were given nearly 50%.

03:53The Arabs refused to accept this.

03:55They rejected the U.N.'s decision.

03:58The Jews celebrated victory.

04:00The Arabs realized they had no choice but to fight.

04:03Riots broke out.

04:05Jews had secret arms factories.

04:07Their leadership was united and strong.

04:09On the other hand, the Arabs had no coordinated leadership.

04:13The Jews were already prepared for war.

04:16Jerusalem was the main objective for both sides.

04:19The U.N. had said Jerusalem would be under international control.

04:25But no one accepted that.

04:27In March 1948, the Jews launched counterattacks on the Arabs.

04:32Then, Palestinians began fleeing in large numbers.

04:37The brutality of Jewish groups instilled fear in the Arabs.

04:41The Palestinian resistance gradually collapsed.

04:44Jordan, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq came under pressure.

04:50They stepped in to support the Palestinians.

04:53On May 14, 1948, Britain withdrew.

04:58That night, the State of Israel was declared.

05:01Within an hour, five Arab countries attacked Israel.

05:05They had 30,000 troops, while Israel had 35,000.

05:10But the Arabs had no coordination among themselves.

05:14Fierce battles were fought over Jerusalem.

05:16The Israelis retreated.

05:18Their weapons ran out.

05:20Then, the United Nations declared a ceasefire.

05:23Israel then received modern weapons from Czechoslovakia.

05:27After the ceasefire, Israel resumed attacks on the Arabs.

05:30They captured one important area after another.

05:34Israel established full control over Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.

05:37The war paused with the U.N.'s second ceasefire.

05:41But the fighting wasn't truly over.

05:43Between 1947 and 1949, 6,000 Jews were killed.

05:48They believed, if they had lost, the Arabs would have wiped them out.

05:53Israelis believe, if Palestinians had accepted the U.N. proposal, then today, both states could

06:00have coexisted peacefully.

06:02The lack of trust among the Arabs was the main reason for their defeat in 1948.

06:07That's what history says.

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