00:00At the heart of Hadron's Great Collider, near Geneva in Switzerland,
00:04scientists embarked on a journey to discover the secrets of the universe.
00:09They searched for the unspeakable boson of X, POH zone,
00:13a particle that holds the key to understanding the universe itself.
00:17And after years of tireless experimentation, the impossible has become possible.
00:21They finally discovered it.
00:23They unveiled a piece of the cosmic puzzle that had escaped us for decades.
00:28But what is the X boson?
00:30And why did it change our understanding of the universe forever?
00:34And should you even worry about it?
00:36Yes, you should. Let me explain.
00:39First of all, according to the standard model of physics,
00:42the universe is composed of tiny constitutive elements called particles.
00:47You know those, protons, neutrons and ideas.
00:50Wait, probably not the latter. Let's drop it.
00:54Anyway, the X boson is the fundamental particle associated with the field of X,
00:59a field that gives mass to other fundamental particles, such as electrons and quarks.
01:04Which is not the sound of a duck, but almost.
01:07First of all, let's describe the field of X.
01:10It is one of the fundamental fields of the universe.
01:12Just like the electromagnetic field, for example,
01:15the one that provides us with light and electricity.
01:18It is like a large invisible ocean of energy that fills all the space around us.
01:24And just like a real ocean, it has waves and currents.
01:28But instead of water, the field of X is composed of X bosons.
01:32Now imagine that you are a very small particle swimming through this ocean.
01:37Just like a boat in the water, you will feel a resistance by moving through the field of X.
01:42Some of these particles are like outboards.
01:45They can cross the field of X without feeling a lot of resistance.
01:49And others, for example, the W and Z bosons are more like giant boats.
01:54They are big and heavy, so they feel a lot of resistance by moving through the field of X.
02:00And this resistance is what gives mass to the particles.
02:04Motor boats that slide easily do not gain mass.
02:07But giant boats interact more strongly with the field and acquire a lot of mass.
02:13Now let's describe this in a more, you know, scientific way.
02:17When a particle interacts with the field of X, it creates a perturbation in the field.
02:22And this perturbation can be considered as a X boson.
02:26And the perturbation it creates in the field of X is what gives mass to the interacting particle.
02:32Basically, without this field and the X boson,
02:36The tiny blocks of our universe, like protons and neutrons, would not have the mass necessary to make up atoms.
02:43Atoms could not form molecules.
02:46And without molecules, there would be nothing.
02:49No matter, no star, no planet, no life as we know it.
02:55Not even Bright Side.
02:57Oh, that gives me shivers.
03:00Thus, not only the X boson is incredibly important, but it is also mysterious and fascinating.
03:07That's where it gets its magnificent sacred nickname.
03:10The X boson was first proposed in the 1960s by the physicist Peter Higgs.
03:17Fortunately, his family name was not Bozo.
03:19Imagine the Bozo boson.
03:21Anyway, Dr. Higgs was part of a group of brilliant scientists
03:25who were trying to understand all the different types of particles that make it up.
03:30They noticed that some of them, like the photon that transports light,
03:35have no mass.
03:36But others, like the W and Z bosons, have.
03:40And they said to themselves, wait a minute, how is this possible?
03:44It was at that moment that they came up with two ideas.
03:46The Higgs boson and the field of Higgs.
03:49But to confirm this theory, we needed proof.
03:52And since we cannot see the invisible field itself,
03:56we had to find and track at least one Higgs boson.
03:59And finding it was an incredibly difficult task.
04:03Like a real game of where is Charlie in real life.
04:07All this because the Higgs boson is very rare, very ephemeral,
04:11and does not often interact with other particles.
04:14Yes, it's a bit like me at parties.
04:17The Higgs boson is born when a particle crosses the field of Higgs
04:20and disintegrates almost immediately afterwards.
04:22You surely remember how much the scientific world rejoiced
04:26when they finally managed to discover it.
04:29It's because it took decades.
04:31First of all, this task was undertaken by CERN,
04:34the European Organization for Nuclear Research.
04:37They used Hadron's Great Collider, or LHC in abbreviation.
04:42It is the largest and most powerful particle accelerator in the world,
04:46located near Geneva, in Switzerland.
04:49It breaks protons at incredibly high speeds,
04:52recreating conditions that existed just after the Big Bang.
04:56This gigantic machine seeks to discover new particles
04:59and helps us better understand the universe.
05:02Anyway, the CERN team used the LHC
05:05to generate billions of protons collisions,
05:08in search of the revealing signs of the Higgs boson.
05:11But with so many collisions happening at the same time,
05:14it was like looking for a needle in a haystack the size of a small country.
05:18The search for the Higgs boson was a long and exciting journey
05:21that required decades of work
05:23and the collaboration of thousands of scientists from all over the world.
05:26And after years of research,
05:28they finally found it, the proof of the Higgs boson.
05:31The discovery was announced on July 4, 2012,
05:34and it was big news in the scientific world.
05:37It was celebrated by many parties and events at CERN.
05:41But it was not over yet.
05:43The discovery of the Higgs boson had to be confirmed.
05:46Scientists therefore continued to study it and collect more data.
05:50And in 2013, they announced that the Higgs boson
05:53had been confirmed with a high level of certainty.
05:56This discovery was really of great magnitude,
05:58because it confirmed an essential part of the Standard Model of Physics.
06:02The Standard Model of Physics of Particles
06:05is the theory that explains how the universe works at its most fundamental level.
06:09It is a way for scientists to follow the different types of particles
06:13and the way they interact with each other.
06:16And the Higgs boson is like the VIP of this particle party.
06:19It is a crucial part of the Standard Model.
06:22Not only does it help to confirm the Standard Model,
06:25but it also highlights the need for new theories and models
06:29to explain what the Standard Model cannot.
06:32Without the Higgs boson, the Standard Model would not make sense
06:36and scientists should develop a whole new theory
06:39to explain why particles have a mass.
06:42But with this sacred particle, everything was put in place
06:45and the Standard Model was complete.
06:47It was like solving a huge puzzle
06:49or finding the glue that holds the universe together.
06:52The discovery of the Higgs boson was a major step forward for physics.
06:56But it also opened up new questions and possibilities for future research.
07:01So, what is the next step?
07:03Well, just like in any good puzzle,
07:05there are always more pieces to find and more mysteries to elucidate.
07:09The LHC scientists continue their research and experiments with the Higgs boson.
07:15They collect data and analyze it to better understand the properties of this particle.
07:20They examine how it interacts with other particles,
07:23how it disintegrates,
07:25and even how it behaves in different conditions.
07:28In addition, the Standard Model explains a lot of what we observe in the universe,
07:32but it still presents some gaps.
07:35For example, currently, it cannot explain phenomena such as black matter and black energy.
07:41That is why we have created another field of research.
07:44Potential, new physics, beyond the Standard Model of particle physics.
07:49This new field should include elements such as black matter and gravity.
07:54And some scientists think that the Higgs boson could become a crucial element.
07:59It could hold the key to understanding all these mysterious phenomena.
08:03To find out if this is really the case,
08:05scientists are currently looking for other particles that could be associated with the Higgs field,
08:10such as the Higgs inno.
08:12It would be a new type of particle that could help explain, for example, how black matter works.
08:18And finally, researchers are also examining the role of the Higgs boson in the primordial universe.
08:24We want to see how it could play a role in the formation of galaxies,
08:28stars, and even life as we know it.
08:31It's like a time machine that helps us understand how the universe was created.
08:36In the end, the discovery of the Higgs boson opened the door to a whole new world of possibilities.
08:42And scientists are having a lot of fun exploring all the new questions and mysteries that arise.
08:48It's like a treasure map,
08:50showing us new mysteries to discover and new theories to explore.
08:54And, maybe there is finally a Boson Boson.
08:58Ha!
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