Active transport class 9 Biology in Urdu / in Hindi | Lecture #26 | cells and tissues | Chapter #4 - video Dailymotion

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00:00Assalam-o-Alaikum, today our topic of discussion is Epi-Transport.

00:07So, we had studied about passive transport in previous lecture.

00:13In passive transport, molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration.

00:22And they do not use energy in this moment, whereas active transport is opposite of passive

00:29transport.

00:30So, in passive transport, molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration.

00:37And they do not use energy in this moment, whereas active transport is opposite of passive

00:44transport.

00:46Whereas, active transport is opposite of passive transport.

00:50In active transport, molecules move from lower concentration to higher concentration.

00:58And they do not use energy in this moment.

01:02As we had studied about nerve cells, what do nerve cells do?

01:09They send messages to the brain.

01:12For example, when we touch something hot, we remove our hand immediately.

01:18How do we know that this thing is hot?

01:21So, our hands send messages to the brain through nerve cells.

01:27And the brain tells us that this thing is hot, so remove your hand.

01:32Similarly, when we touch something cold, we know that this thing is cold.

01:37Similarly, when we touch something soft, we know that this thing is soft.

01:43How do we know all this?

01:45Our whole body has nerve impulses, which send messages to the brain.

01:52So, nerve impulses do not always send messages to the brain.

01:58Whenever we touch something, they send messages to the brain.

02:04So, when nerve impulses are not passing, this condition is called nerve impulse resting state.

02:12So, when nerve cells are in resting state, they prefer to have as much potassium as possible in the nerve cells.

02:28In resting state, more and more potassium is present in the nerve cells.

02:34For example, the outermost covering of the cell is called the cell membrane.

02:42It is semipermeable.

02:44We have studied the structure of the cell membrane in detail in Fluid Mosaic Model.

02:49It has two layers of lipids.

02:52In addition to this, proteins are also attached to it.

02:55We have studied this in detail.

02:57So, this is a cell membrane of the nerve cell.

03:02It is semipermeable.

03:06Since it is in resting state, this is the inner part of the cell.

03:11And this is the outer part of the cell.

03:17As you can see, there is more potassium in the inner part of the cell as compared to the outer part of the cell.

03:24There is less potassium in the outer part of the cell and there is more potassium in the inner part of the cell.

03:30So, molecules always move from high concentration to low concentration.

03:36But in resting state, they want more potassium in the inner part of the cell.

03:43So, how does the cell membrane bring potassium inside?

03:48By using energy.

03:51It has to use energy.

03:54So, we have a sodium-potassium pump.

03:58It is made of protein.

04:01It uses energy.

04:04And energy is stored in the form of ATP in the cell.

04:10So, it uses energy.

04:13And this sodium-potassium pump brings more potassium inside.

04:23Since it has moved from lower concentration to higher concentration.

04:28So, it has to use energy.

04:33As you can see, there is less potassium in the inner part of the cell and there is more potassium in the outer part of the cell.

04:40So, this sodium-potassium pump brings more potassium inside.

04:45And for this, it uses energy in the form of ATP.

04:50This is called ectotransport.

04:53That is, molecules move from lower concentration to higher concentration by using energy.

05:00This is called ectotransport.

05:03That is, molecules move from lower concentration to higher concentration by using energy.

Active transport class 9 Biology in Urdu / in Hindi | Lecture #26 | cells and tissues | Chapter #4

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