00:00The Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint Sebastian, better known as the Metropolitan Cathedral
00:08of Rio de Janeiro, Catedral Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, or as the Cathedral of
00:14Saint.
00:15Sebastian of Rio de Janeiro, Catedral de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, is a cathedral
00:21of the Catholic Church and the seat of the Archdiocese of São Sebastião.
00:25The cathedral is home to the Cathedral of the Archbishops of the City of Rio de Janeiro,
00:29Brazil.
00:30The church is dedicated to Saint Sebastian, the patron saint of Rio de Janeiro.
00:35Inside the cathedral the cathedral was designed by Edgar de Oliveira da Fonseca in a modern
00:40style based on the Mayan architectural style of pyramids.
00:44The current cathedral was built between 1964 and 1979 and replaced as the seat of the Archdiocese
00:50a series of churches that had served as cathedrals since 1676.
00:54The most recent and notable of those being the Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel of
00:58the Ancient Sea, now known as the Old Cathedral, built in the 18th century.
01:03And that had been declared Rio's Cathedral in the early 19th century.
01:07The new cathedral, as it is sometimes called, is located in the center of the city.
01:12Conical in form and with a 96-meter internal diameter, 106 meters of external diameter,
01:18and an overall height of 75 meters.
01:20Inside, the area measures 8,000 square meters and has sufficient 5,000 seats, it has a standing
01:26room capacity of 20,000 people.
01:29The cathedral's four rectilinear stained-glass windows soar 64 meters from floor to ceiling.
01:35The Archdiocese of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro in Brazil was established as a
01:39territorial prelature on July 19, 1575.
01:43It was elevated to the status of a diocese on November 16, 1676.
01:49It was later elevated to a metropolitan archdiocese on April 27, 1892.
01:54On May 6, 2003, the territorial abbey of Nossa Senhora do Monserrat do Rio de Janeiro lost
02:01its territorial rank and was added to the archdiocese.
02:05Cardinal Oranijauau Tempesto Ossist has been its archbishop since 2009.
02:10Cardinal Eusébio Scheidt Sey, who died on January 13, 2021, was archbishop emeritus.
02:17Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro.
02:20It is the second most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo, and the sixth most populous
02:25city in the Americas.
02:28Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the captaincy of
02:32Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire.
02:36In 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a state of the Portuguese Empire.
02:42In 1808, when the Portuguese royal court moved to Brazil, Rio de Janeiro became the
02:47seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal.
02:50She subsequently, under the leadership of her son the Prince Regent John VI of Portugal,
02:55raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom, within the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil,
03:00and Algarve.
03:01Rio remained the capital of the pluricontinental monarchy until 1822, when the Brazilian War
03:06of Independence began.
03:08This is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonizing country officially
03:13shifted to a city in one of its colonies.
03:16Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the independent monarchy, the Empire
03:20of Brazil, until 1889, and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the
03:26capital was transferred to Brasilia.
03:29Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is known
03:33for its natural settings, Carnival, Samba, Bossa Nova, and Balneario beaches such as
03:38Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon.
03:43In addition to the beaches, landmarks include the giant statue of Christ the Redeemer atop
03:47Corcovado Mountain, named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, Sugarloaf Mountain with
03:53its cable car, the Sambadromo, a permanent grandstand-lined parade avenue which is used
03:57during Carnival, and Maracana Stadium, one of the world's largest football stadiums.
04:03That is all.
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