01:00At a time, there is a water body as well as a land mass.
01:04So, the water body absorbs the late heat and the land mass absorbs the early heat.
01:11This means that if the sun rises at 5 in the morning and the sea and the continent are nearby,
01:18then the water of the sea will be cold by 8, 9, 10 o'clock when the earth is hot.
01:23So, this contrast also happens at the time of sunset.
01:26As soon as the sun rises, the water body absorbs the heat and the land mass evacuates the heat.
01:36So, this is also the reason why the distribution of land mass affects the distribution of water.
01:40Then comes the oceanic currents.
01:47You can also take the winds.
01:52See, we have a large body of water in the oceans that move in certain directions.
02:00You can easily say that the river flows in these oceans.
02:04We call it a current.
02:05There can be different factors in its flow.
02:07The wind moves the water.
02:08If the water of the sea starts moving in a certain direction, then it is called a current.
02:13Tides are at a minor level.
02:16Tides cannot go to such an extent.
02:19I am going to talk about it.
02:20Tides can reach from one continent to another, from one zone to another zone.
02:24So, tides do not have the power to travel so much.
02:29So, the currents basically move.
02:31Suppose we have an equatorial current here, which is a warm water current.
02:38So, when the warm water current reaches here.
02:40I will also teach you the topic.
02:43See, try to understand.
02:46This is a warm area.
02:47This means that the water here is also warm.
02:50Now, when the wind is moving with this water, it describes from here.
02:54The water stops here.
02:55So, it has two branches.
02:57It comes down from the top.
02:58So, when the water reaches the top, the winds that are moving up, the vessels that we read,
03:03because of those vessels, the water starts moving here.
03:05That is, the same water that was present here, rotates and reaches here.
03:08You can say that the Gulf Stream that passes near Africa reaches the British Ocean.
03:15So, where did the warm water reach?
03:17It reached the UK.
03:18Now think, if it is winter and the warm water has reached the UK, then it is a blessing for the UK.
03:24You know that the UK is the only country in Europe that trades throughout the year.
03:30All the other European countries, their trading in winter is almost less.
03:36It is almost nonexistent.
03:37But the UK is a 100% float.
03:40These are currents.
03:41This is the warm water that reaches there and melts the ice.
03:44And trading is possible there.
03:46So, think for yourself that its temperature will decrease due to current.
03:51It is already decreasing.
03:52But the warm water reached there.
03:54So, it reduced the temperature of this temperature zone.
03:58Okay.
03:59So, this is our thing.
04:00Then cloudiness comes.
04:03If there are clouds, it will also be a temperature factor.
04:08Temperature variation will come.
04:10Similarly, vegetation.
04:15Vegetation and soil will come.
04:18Soil cover will come.
04:19I mean, the light soil will reflect and its albedo will be more.
04:25The dark soil will absorb less albedo.
04:29So, the areas where there is dark soil will absorb it.
04:32Similarly, there is vegetation.
04:33Vegetation decreases the temperature.
04:36Okay.
04:37Then we have mountains.
04:39Location also comes.
04:46Location.
04:47If there is a valley on the side of the mountain facing the sun,
04:51then the temperature will be more towards the valley facing the sun.
04:56And those areas which go behind it, the temperature will decrease.
05:00So, these are some factors that affect the temperature.
05:05Okay.
05:06If you have any questions, please ask me.
05:09Till now, we have studied heat, budget and heating of atmosphere.
05:13We have started with insulation.
05:17How does the atmosphere heat up?
05:21We have studied from insulation.
05:23We have defined albedo.
05:24We have studied radiations and net radiations.
05:26After that, we have studied two important points.
05:28Horizontal distribution and vertical distribution.
05:30Okay.
05:31In vertical distribution, we have made two further sub-categories.
05:34Labs grade and conventional version.
05:37And in horizontal distribution, we have made three categories.
05:40Which comes from tolerant zone, temperate zone and period zone.
05:44And lastly, we have studied which are the factors that affect horizontal distribution.
05:48So, these are the seven factors that affect it.
05:51Sir, can you repeat the question again?
05:53Yes.
05:54You can ask the question on distribution.
05:57Okay.
05:58And one more point in this.
06:00I have told this in 68.
06:01These are basically isotherms.
06:03Isotherms.
06:04Isotherms.
06:05Isotherms.
06:06What are isotherms?
06:10These are basically imaginary lines.
06:14Which are drawn on a map.
06:17And join those areas where the temperature is uniform.
06:22Means if we have Brazil here.
06:25We have Togo here.
06:27Then we have Rwanda here.
06:29So, if the temperature is uniform here, then we will draw a line.
06:32From here to there.
06:33From here to there.
06:34So, we will touch those places where the temperature is the same.
06:37Such lines are called isotherm lines.
06:40So, this is basically the line we have drawn.
06:42This is the isotherm line.
06:44We don't have to write it everywhere on the map.
06:47We just have to write a line in the corner.
06:49You can also see the weather map by drawing the line.
06:52There is also rainfall.
06:54There is also pressure.
06:55These are called isobars.
06:56Pressure lines.
06:57And these are called isotherms.
06:59These are called isohalines.
07:00Isohaline.
07:01Isohaline is the area where the salt is uniform.
07:06There are isoheights like this where the rainfall is uniform.
07:10Okay.
07:12Okay.
07:13I think we will keep it up to here.
07:15We will keep it horizontal.
07:17We will keep it horizontal.
07:18Then the factors will come.
07:20What are the factors?
07:22Then you can ask about the areas.
07:26What are the areas in the temperate region?
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