How Quantum Computing Works | Unveiled - video Dailymotion

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00:00 Are you ready to unlock the power of the quantum realm?

00:03 You've heard it mentioned on the news.

00:05 You've seen it crop up on the internet.

00:07 You've felt a growing sense of anticipation around what's being widely tipped as a

00:12 life-changing technological feat.

00:14 And you don't want to get left behind.

00:16 So, what exactly is quantum computing?

00:19 What do those two words, when put together, actually mean?

00:22 And how will your life change once you embrace what's coming?

00:26 This is Unveiled, and today we're taking a closer look at precisely how quantum computing

00:32 works.

00:33 Do you need the big questions answered?

00:36 Are you constantly curious?

00:37 Then why not subscribe to Unveiled for more clips like this one?

00:40 And ring the bell for more thought-provoking content!

00:43 Welcome to the mind-bending world of quantum computing, where your once-traditional digital

00:48 bits can now exist in multiple states at once.

00:51 And seemingly impossible computations can now be performed at seriously unimaginable

00:56 speeds.

00:57 If you're still dwelling in the comparatively slow, sticky, soon-to-be-antiquated time of

01:02 classical computing - which most of us are, just at the moment - then listen up, because

01:06 here's how the world is soon going to change.

01:09 In today's video, we're taking a journey through the ever-growing quantum landscape…

01:14 but with future technology particularly in mind.

01:16 We'll unravel the early mysteries of quantum computing, exploring its basics, the breakthroughs

01:22 so far, the incredible future predictions, and also the ethical considerations that come

01:27 with such revolutionary ideas.

01:29 So, let's get to it!

01:31 First off, the basics.

01:33 The first thing you need to know is that quantum computing is built around qubits.

01:37 These are the quantum versions of traditional "bits of information", as used in classical

01:41 computing systems.

01:43 Imagine a classical computer as a reliable office worker.

01:46 They're always on time, they rarely let you down, they've probably earned their fair

01:51 share of Employee of the Month awards.

01:54 What that office worker does is process information through a series of yes-or-no questions, represented

02:00 as bits - or zeros and ones.

02:02 And, to cut a long comparison short, this does allow them to get quite a lot done reasonably

02:08 efficiently.

02:09 It's just that there are limits.

02:12 Limits in terms of time, speed, and there are some calculations that our office worker,

02:17 the classical computer, just can't do.

02:19 With the advent of quantum computing, though, all those limits are being well and truly

02:24 bypassed.

02:25 Quantum computing introduces a new player to the game - the quantum bit, or qubit.

02:30 And the key difference is that, unlike with classical bits, qubits can exist in a state

02:35 of zero, one, or both simultaneously, thanks to the underlying principles of quantum superposition.

02:42 Immediately, then, there are significantly - perhaps infinitely - more possibilities

02:47 with the qubit, meaning more information held and processed.

02:51 To return to our office worker comparison, the qubit is what it would be like if our

02:55 classical worker were to suddenly learn how to duplicate themselves.

02:59 Now, that worker could do way more than just their own usual tasks.

03:03 They could perhaps run whole departments, whole floors, maybe even entire buildings

03:08 and businesses single-handedly… because there's the potential for variations of

03:13 them.

03:14 Which, ultimately, is why people have been getting quite excited about quantum computing.

03:18 If it works well, it'll dramatically save time, cut costs, and improve output all at

03:24 once.

03:25 Here, the phrase "quantum leap" actually isn't overstating it.

03:28 It really could be a colossal game-changer.

03:30 So, how did we get to this point?

03:33 Because it's not as though the qubit just arrived unannounced.

03:36 Quantum computing may sound like a concept from the distant future, but its roots go

03:40 back to the early 1980s, when physicists, including Richard Feynman, first proposed

03:46 the idea of simulating quantum systems as seen in general physics, but in a technological

03:51 way - through quantum computers.

03:54 Significant milestones in the time since include Peter Shor's algorithm in 1994, which demonstrated

04:00 the potential for quantum computers to factor large numbers exponentially faster than classical

04:05 computers ever could.

04:07 And then, in the early 21st century, researchers like Google, IBM, and Rigetti began developing

04:13 better and better processors under this new and growing strategy.

04:17 Google's "quantum supremacy" announcement in 2019 marked another pivotal moment, with

04:22 quantum supremacy alluding to the moment when a quantum computer achieved something that

04:26 a classical computer never could.

04:29 It was claimed that Google's quantum processor, Sycamore, could perform a particular calculation

04:34 in two hundred seconds… the really impressive thing being that it would've reportedly

04:39 taken the most powerful of traditional supercomputers more than ten thousand years to complete the

04:44 same task.

04:45 If the watching world hadn't yet believed in the power of quantum computing before then,

04:50 they did afterwards.

04:51 It hasn't been all plain sailing, but we have already seen some major fixes, as well.

04:57 Since 2020, especially, there's been an industry-wide focus on correcting errors in

05:01 quantum computations and on solving specific optimization problems, all with the end goal

05:07 of building the most efficient final products possible.

05:10 But, and perhaps most interestingly of all, in 2021, the Chinese satellite MISEUS (officially

05:17 named "Quantum Experiments at Space Scale") was used to demonstrate actual teleportation

05:23 at the quantum level.

05:24 More than just a science fiction superpower, though, this could soon ensure smoother-than-smooth,

05:29 instant quantum communication.

05:31 It may take a few years for the real-world applications to reveal themselves, but when

05:35 they do, it could, again, prove a major turning point.

05:39 Such breakthroughs and more serve to showcase the transformative potential of this technology

05:44 in general, and at a mind-blowing pace.

05:47 In just a few short years, we've seen quantum computing not only emerge in the mainstream,

05:53 but systematically correct itself, connect itself and perfect itself for optimum output.

05:58 And in all of those cases, the performance is only set to get better and better.

06:03 These are computers, then, with an effectively bottomless pit of processing and energy potential.

06:07 Glitches, freezes and crashes could all soon be forgotten annoyances of the past, while

06:13 our already reasonably fast speeds should dramatically improve as well.

06:17 In the next decade or so, it's expected that we'll see the creation of increasingly

06:21 more robust and error-tolerant quantum processors.

06:24 And the key development here is that, when it's reliable and eventually affordable,

06:29 quantum computing should also be made accessible to a broader audience.

06:33 Sectors like finance, healthcare and logistics are all likely to benefit from optimised quantum

06:37 algorithms, solving complex problems that were once deemed impractical or even impossible

06:43 for classical computers.

06:44 In finance, this means literally instant banking, and could also prove the final nail for physical

06:49 cash.

06:50 Meanwhile, it might have some further, unforeseen consequences in the real-time running of the

06:55 stock market.

06:56 In health, quantum computing should mean safer-than-ever critical care.

07:00 But the greatest effects may yet come in research, with developers and physicians perhaps able

07:05 to experiment faster and further than ever before, testing the effectiveness of drugs,

07:10 cures and novel treatments within days, hours, even within moments.

07:15 In logistics, quantum computing might one day enable truly reliable public transport

07:20 down to milliseconds.

07:22 As well as always and unbreakably on smart cities - the like of which we've seen begin

07:27 to take shape in the twenty-first century.

07:30 Climate modelling, personalised medicine, energy optimisation, universe mapping - all

07:35 could benefit from this new means of information power.

07:38 We're likely to see a quantum butterfly effect ripple across basically all fields.

07:43 Although perhaps none more so than with AI.

07:46 The integration of quantum algorithms with artificial intelligence may birth another

07:50 new era of machine learning, allowing for unprecedented advancements in natural language

07:56 processing, image recognition and decision-making.

07:59 To today's mind, there may be nothing that a quantum robot can't do.

08:03 Perhaps unsurprisingly, then, there are some concerns about what's coming as well.

08:07 For example, with privacy.

08:09 While it can revolutionise encryption methods, rendering current standards obsolete, there

08:14 are fears that quantum computing will also pose a threat to data; that it could easily

08:18 crack all or most existing cryptographic systems, potentially compromising sensitive information.

08:24 Meanwhile, there's also that now ever-present anxiety of breaching the so-called AI singularity

08:30 - when machines surpass human capabilities.

08:34 Quantum computing is sure to fast-track that.

08:36 And finally, there's the potential for wealth disparities.

08:40 Access to this technology may create a new digital divide, with only well-funded individuals,

08:45 corporations and research institutions having the means to fully harness it.

08:49 For everyone else, it may for a long time prove little more than a fun trend or gimmick.

08:54 Striking a balance between widening access and ensuring responsible use will be crucial

08:59 to prevent worsening existing inequalities.

09:02 While the future could be pitched as a quantum minefield, however, perhaps it's fairer

09:06 to view it more positively, as the quantum frontier.

09:09 Right now, we're seemingly on the brink of unparalleled computing power, transformative

09:14 technologies, and, hopefully, life-enhancing innovations.

09:18 How do you think history will remember this next tech revolution?

09:22 What do you think we need to do to ensure that quantum products are responsibly developed

09:26 for the betterment of humanity?

09:28 And is there one area in particular in which you foresee huge change on the horizon?

09:34 As for now, that's how quantum computing works.

09:38 What do you think?

09:39 Is there anything we missed?

09:40 Let us know in the comments, check out these other clips from Unveiled, and make sure you

09:44 subscribe and ring the bell for our latest content.

How Quantum Computing Works | Unveiled

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