MEDI1TV Afrique : Climats - 04/12/2023
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NewsTranscription
00:00 [Music]
00:11 Climate change is one of the factors that exacerbate armed conflicts in the world.
00:17 Although there is no direct causality between climate change and wars,
00:23 there is evidence that suggests a correlation between these two phenomena.
00:27 This in countries that suffer from corruption, bad governance, ethnic conflicts and also a shortage of resources.
00:35 According to a Stanford study, climate change has triggered between 3 and 20% of armed conflicts in the world in the last 10 years.
00:44 For example, the terrorist organization Al-Shabaab in Somalia imposed exorbitant taxes on agricultural and livestock farming.
00:54 When drought hit Somalia a few months ago, Somali people had no choice but to pay huge taxes.
01:01 Some people ended up between a rock and a hard place.
01:05 Either they could pay taxes to Al-Shabaab or they had to join the military ranks of Al-Shabaab.
01:09 Climate change has exacerbated extremism.
01:13 Another example is Sudan.
01:15 There, 70% of the population depends directly on natural resources for their own subsistence.
01:21 Agriculture, livestock, fishing.
01:23 It is one of the most vulnerable countries to the harmful effects of climate change.
01:27 Sudan's GDP could fall by 22% by 2050 if the global temperature rises by 1.5 degrees.
01:35 Which, to date, is the best climate scenario, at least the least pessimistic.
01:41 So it could put Sudan's ability to adapt to climate change to a hard test.
01:47 And this could also intensify power struggles while exacerbating border conflicts
01:53 between the Blue Nile and the South African Kordofan,
01:57 and pastoral conflicts between farmers and farmers.
02:01 Finally, let's go back to our regions.
02:03 Of the 17 most vulnerable countries in the world to water shortages, 12 are in the Middle East.
02:11 For example, the conflicts between Turkey, Iraq and Syria
02:15 over two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, whose flow has decreased by 40% in recent years
02:23 due to climate change and also to Turkish unilateral development plans.
02:29 And then, on the Asian front, between Iran and Afghanistan,
02:32 we have Iranian border guards who were recently killed
02:36 due to the conflict over the sharing of the waters of the German river
02:41 which extends over nearly 1,000 km between Iran and Afghanistan.
02:45 So that's the reality.
02:47 That's the basic, material, concrete reality.
02:50 To those who still doubt, fighting against climate change
02:55 is fighting for peace between men, the peace of peoples,
02:59 and also, let's hope, the peace of nations.
03:02 [Music]
03:12 [BLANK_AUDIO]