Here's the general rule for rounding:
If the number you are rounding is followed by 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, round the number up. Example: 38 rounded to the nearest ten is 40. ...
If the number you are rounding is followed by 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, round the number down. Example: 33 rounded to the nearest ten is 30.
Ideal characteristics of rounding methods include:
Rounding should be done by a function. This way, when the same input is rounded in different instances, the output is unchanged.
Calculations done with rounding should be close to those done without rounding.
As a result of (1) and (2), the output from rounding should be close to its input, often as close as possible by some metric.
To be considered rounding, the range will be a subset of the domain. A classical range is the integers, Z.
Rounding should preserve symmetries that already exist between the domain and range. With finite precision (or a discrete domain), this translates to removing bias.
A rounding method should have utility in computer science or human arithmetic where finite precision is used, and speed is a consideration.
But, because it is not usually possible for a method to satisfy all ideal characteristics, many methods exist.
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