13 billion years ago there energy and matter exploded the Universe was born and one billion years later there were stars. Our solar system; sun, earth and other planets were created around 4.6 billion years ago and 3.8 billion years ago our Earth had everything that was necessary for life to sustain and evolve. There was atmosphere, seas and a thin and solid crust around the Earth. Continental plates together which made up the Earth’s crust 250 million years ago was known as the Pangaea. The Pangaea slowly began to break-up and form masses of land what we call continents. It was about 200,000 to 250,000 years ago that our ancestors the Homo Sapiens appeared in Africa. They slowly learned to communicate among themselves and developed language which helped in passing down the language and cultures of their society.
Humans migrated to all the continents except Antarctica who were mostly gatherers who collected nuts, berries, leaves and hunters who made nets to set trap games, fished with harpoons and hunted for big animals like bison, mammoths in groups. They were intelligent and made the best use of the sources they had; they used bones, hides, antlers and stone to craft weapons, jewellery, homes, tools, pottery and clothes. They were also artistic and made beautiful paintings in the caves they lived, carved amazing sculptures in wood, bone and stone. As ice melted it uncovered much land and trees, birds and animals started flourishing in North America and Eurasia. The huge animals of Ice Age were replaced by smaller animals and as human population grew the demand for food also increased and was the main reason why farming started. Farming helped the people to have permanent homes and stay at one place. Humans evolved in intelligence and also started taming and domesticating animals as pets. It was around this time that man first used metals – copper tools. Increased farming helped people to settle which formed villages mostly in the Nile Valley and Fertile Crescent and then spread in the other parts of Afroeurasia and America.