Constantinople, once the majestic capital of the Byzantine Empire, witnessed a dramatic transformation when it fell to the Ottomans in **1453**. Sultan **Mehmed II** led a determined siege, bringing an end to Byzantine rule and marking the beginning of Ottoman dominance. The city became the heart of the new empire, blending Byzantine traditions with Ottoman grandeur. This moment reshaped history, influencing trade, culture, and political power across Europe and the Middle East.
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