00:00Billions and billions of galaxies.
00:06The universe is so vast, we can't even imagine what those numbers mean.
00:12But 14 billion years ago, none of it existed.
00:18Until the Big Bang.
00:23The Big Bang is the origin of space and the origin of time itself.
00:29We take a journey through space and time.
00:33From the beginning to the end of the universe itself.
00:53This is our world.
00:59Cities, forests, oceans, people.
01:09Everything in the universe is made from matter created in the first seconds of the Big Bang.
01:17Every star.
01:27Every planet.
01:31Every atom.
01:33Every blade of grass.
01:35Every drop of water.
01:37Water is ancient.
01:39The hydrogen atoms in here were born moments after the Big Bang.
01:45Then came everything else.
01:47The Big Bang is the defining event of our universe.
01:53And everything in it.
01:57The secrets of our past, our present and our future are locked inside this one moment in time.
02:11To unlock the secrets of the Big Bang, we have to travel outside of our own solar system.
02:19And journey beyond even our own galaxy.
02:23As we travel into deep space, we're actually seeing into the past.
02:35And getting closer to being able to witness the dawn of time itself.
02:41Passing the first infant galaxies and the first stars.
02:47We arrive back at the moment the universe began.
02:53And face the biggest questions in all of science.
02:57This is the holy grail of physics.
03:07We want to know why it banged.
03:09We want to know what banged.
03:11We want to know what was there before the bang.
03:15To get the answers, we've built machines the size of cities.
03:19To simulate conditions when the universe was created.
03:25For telescopes to peer deep into our past.
03:35We are getting close to answering the old age questions.
03:39Why are we here?
03:41Where did we come from?
03:44Does the universe, in fact, have a beginning or an end?
03:48And if so, what are they like?
03:52If we find the answer to that, it would be the ultimate triumph of human reason.
03:58We would know the mind of God.
04:00The origin of the Big Bang is the greatest mystery of all time.
04:14And the more we learn, the deeper the mystery becomes.
04:20We like to think that our universe is unique.
04:22However, now we're not so sure.
04:24Perhaps there is a multiverse of universes.
04:28Another possibility is that our Big Bang is just one of many Big Bangs.
04:35But it may be one of just an infinite number of universes.
04:38And there may be other regions in that infinite number of universes where a Big Bang is just happening today.
04:43But there's only one universe we're sure of, and understanding this one is hard enough.
04:58Since the late 1920s, everything we know about how our universe works has been turned upside down.
05:05It's important to realize how much our picture of the universe has changed in the last century.
05:11At the beginning of the 20th century, the conventional wisdom in science was that the universe was static and eternal.
05:17In 1929, that all changed.
05:22At the Mount Wilson Observatory above Los Angeles, astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered galaxies aren't stuck in one place.
05:30Not only are they moving, but they're flying away from Earth at incredible speeds.
05:40This was the first real evidence of the Big Bang.
05:47All galaxies on average are moving away from us, and stranger still, those that were twice as far away were moving twice as fast.
05:55And those that were three times as far away were moving three times as fast, and so on.
06:00Everything was moving away from us.
06:03It became known as Hubble's law.
06:06His discovery is still the starting point for exploration of the Big Bang.
06:12What Hubble convincingly demonstrated by seeing the motion of those galaxies is that the universe is expanding.
06:22Theoretically, an expanding universe must have started from a single point.
06:30By measuring how fast the universe is expanding, astronomers calculated backwards and figured out when it burst into life.
06:40People ask the question, how do you know that the universe is 13.7 billion years old?
06:45I mean, smarty pants, you weren't there 13.7 billion years ago.
06:51Well, when you watch television on videotape, you hit the stop button when you see an explosion.
06:56And you could run it backwards and see when it actually took place.
07:00The same thing takes place with cosmology.
07:02We can run the videotape backwards and then calculate when it all came from a cosmic explosion.
07:11You don't have to be an astronomer to look back in time.
07:16If you gaze up at the night sky, you're seeing stars that are millions of light years away, meaning it took the light from those stars millions of years to get here.
07:31So, if you look far enough, you should be able to see the beginning of the universe.
07:42Named for the groundbreaking astronomer, the Hubble Space Telescope allows us to look deep into the universe.
07:50Back in time and closer to the moment of the Big Bang.
07:53But for scientists, winding back the clock to the Big Bang was only the first step.
08:06When people first hear about the Big Bang Theory, they say, well, where did it take place?
08:10It took place over there, it took place over there.
08:12Where did it take place?
08:14Actually, it took place everywhere, because the universe itself was extremely small at that time.
08:23These are only some of the most abstract and difficult concepts there are.
08:30So, here's a mind bender.
08:32What came before the Big Bang?
08:35The philosophers in ancient times used to say, how could something arise from nothing?
08:40And what's amazing to me is that the laws of physics allow that to happen.
08:45And it means that our whole universe, everything we see, everything that matters to us today, could have arisen out of precisely nothing.
08:54It's one of the biggest hurdles to understanding the Big Bang.
08:58First, you have to buy into the premise that something was created out of nothing.
09:03It's impossible to describe the moment of creation in human language.
09:07All we know is that from what may have been nothing, we go to a state of almost infinite density and infinite temperature and infinite violence.
09:20Understanding how nothing turned into something may be the greatest mystery of our universe.
09:32But, if you understand that, you start to understand the Big Bang, when time and space began and a great big explosion created everything.
09:41At the dawn of time, the universe explodes into existence, from absolutely nothing into everything.
09:42But, everything is what happened.
09:43The Big Bang
09:48And the Big Bang
09:49At the dawn of time, the universe explodes into existence, from absolutely nothing into everything.
09:57at the dawn of time the universe explodes into existence from absolutely nothing into everything
10:09but everything is actually a single point infinitely small unimaginably hot a super
10:18dense speck of pure energy the big bang was so immense that it brought into existence all of
10:29the mass and all of the energy contained in all of the 400 billion galaxies we see in our universe
10:35in a region smaller than the size of a single atom the entire observable universe was a millionth of
10:43a billionth of a centimeter across at that time everything was compressed into incredibly hot
10:47dense region it's not even matter yet just a point of raging energy it was the beginning of the
10:56universe and everything in it everything was simple all the forces that we know about today
11:03were one and the same the universe was amorphous it had no structure
11:09in that instant of creation all the laws of physics the very forces that engineer our universe
11:21began to take shape
11:23the first force to emerge was gravity
11:29the fate of the universe its size structure and everything in it was decided in that moment
11:38carlos frank studies how gravity shaped the universe by creating artificial universes in this
11:49supercomputer
11:50he gives each one a different amount of gravity
11:56the first one he tried had too little resulting in well nothing
12:04gravity it has shaped our universe or if gravity was weaker than it is we would have a very boring universe in which everything would be flying apart so fast that there would be no galaxies forming
12:20next he programmed a universe with too much gravity
12:25if gravity was stronger than we think it is again we'll end up with a failed universe everything will end up in black holes
12:35it has to be just so it has to be just right
12:40lucky for us the big bang got it just right
12:45the perfect amount of gravity in the turmoil of forces after gravity emerged still a fraction of a second after the big bang a shockwave of energy erupted and expanded the universe in all directions at incredible speed
13:01all of space expanded by an unbelievably large factor in a fraction of a second
13:12we think that in less than a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a second
13:19space expanded by a factor bigger than a million million million million times
13:27And for the record, that's faster than the speed of light.
13:39But wait, doesn't that break one of the laws of physics?
13:46Even schoolchildren know that, quote, you can't go faster than the speed of light.
13:50But actually, there's a loophole there.
13:52You see, nothing can go faster than light.
13:55Nothing being empty space.
13:58Don't worry, this idea gives even the best minds in science a headache.
14:03But it's critical to understanding the early universe.
14:07Scientists think it took less than a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a second
14:13for the universe to expand from the size of an atom to a baseball.
14:19That may not sound like much, but it's like a golf ball expanding to the size of the Earth in the same amount of time.
14:26That means it was expanding faster than the speed of light.
14:31That's fast.
14:32So many things were happening so fast in the early universe,
14:36because everything was so close together, that we needed a new unit of time to describe things.
14:41It's called Planck Time.
14:43To understand just how short a Planck Time is, consider this.
14:49There are more units of Planck Time in one second than all the seconds since the Big Bang.
14:53The math is mind-blowing.
14:56There are more than 31 million seconds in a year, and it's been 14 billion years since the Big Bang.
15:02So, multiply 31,556,926 by 14 billion, and what you get is a really big number.
15:12It's a timescale that's so small that all human intuition goes out the window.
15:18If we look at our watches and measure one second, we can ask, how many Planck times is that?
15:22Well, it is a billion, billion, billion, billion, billion, billion, Planck times.
15:31So, now the Big Bang is only a few Planck times old.
15:41An exploding mass of pure energy, expanding faster than the speed of light.
15:49In the next few Planck times, the universe as we know it will be born.
16:01A fraction of a second after the Big Bang, the universe is so small it can fit in the palm of your hand.
16:14But in another tiny fraction of a second, it expands to the size of the Earth.
16:21Then, moving faster than the speed of light, it grows larger than our solar system.
16:26And it's still just a raging storm of superheated energy.
16:32It'd be hotter and denser and more violent than anything that we can experience in the universe today.
16:40Even the interior of a star is calm and serene by comparison to the violence of the earliest moments of the Big Bang.
16:50Temperatures were so hot that even the atoms of your body would disintegrate.
16:54It's so hot, in fact, that the atoms would be ripped apart.
16:58How hot?
16:59Trillions of degrees hot.
17:01But, as the universe continues to expand, it also begins to cool.
17:07Dropping temperatures trigger the next stage in the universe's evolution.
17:13The raw energy of the explosion transforms into tiny subatomic particles.
17:19It's the first matter in the universe.
17:29This conversion of energy into matter was predicted by Albert Einstein, years before anyone started talking about the Big Bang.
17:37It's the one scientific equation every school kid knows.
17:45There is one very familiar formula.
17:48That is E equals mc squared.
17:50It says something about the creation of the universe.
17:52It says even if the universe is created just out of pure energy,
17:56that because energy can be converted to matter and matter to energy,
18:00that you can get all of the stuff that we see in the universe from this pure energetic event.
18:06Einstein's little equation had a big impact.
18:20It led to the first nuclear bombs.
18:22In a nuclear explosion, a small amount of matter is converted into an enormous amount of energy.
18:35As the universe was forming, the exact opposite happened.
18:42Pure energy transformed into particles of matter.
18:46You don't need to create matter in the beginning.
18:49You just need energy.
18:50And energy alone can lead to the creation of an entire universe.
18:57In just a fraction of a second after the Big Bang,
19:00the building blocks of our universe begin to take shape.
19:06But this first matter is like nothing we see today.
19:11The stuff of matter has been very different over the age of the universe.
19:15What we now think is normal matter was not at all normal in the earliest moments of the Big Bang.
19:22That's because conditions were so extreme.
19:25There were no atoms yet.
19:28But there were tiny subatomic particles.
19:34In the earliest moments of the Big Bang, the universe was so hot and dense,
19:39there were great amounts of energy.
19:41And so particles were being created all the time.
19:43And energy and matter were transferring back and forth in this hot, dense soup.
19:48That earliest matter was too unstable to start forming the universe as we know it.
20:00Think of it like this.
20:01Imagine rush hour at Grand Central in New York City as that superheated early universe.
20:07If you look at a crowd of people, a large crowd of people, they may appear random.
20:21That random quirky motion is very similar than what was happening to the particles in the universe in the earliest moments of the Big Bang.
20:29The extreme temperature of the early universe energizes the subatomic particles.
20:37They appear.
20:38They disappear.
20:43They race around at incredible speeds.
20:46It's pure chaos.
20:47It's like people.
20:55If they're excited and running around fast to catch trains at a train station, they'll be moving around quickly.
21:02But eventually, they calm down and get slower.
21:06That's what's been happening to our universe, in a sense.
21:08The particles are moving around very fast.
21:10And as the universe cools down, the particles move more slowly and, in some sense, less randomly.
21:18As the universe cools, the particles stop changing back into energy.
21:32Now, there are more and more subatomic particles, but it's still a hot, violent place.
21:40All this is happening in fractions of a second, too small to detect.
21:45But the Big Bang is moving into a critical stage now.
21:49A titanic battle between matter and the one thing that can destroy the universe before it even gets started.
21:56Anti-matter.
21:57Everything in the universe is made from matter.
22:21From the smallest rock to the largest star.
22:27And all the matter there will ever be was created from the pure energy of the Big Bang.
22:34Einstein's equation, E equals mc squared, says that energy transforms into matter.
22:47But it was just a theory.
22:50Today, science is able to test that theory.
22:57This is CERN in Switzerland, home to the world's largest machine.
23:02It's the size of a city, and engineered to recreate the conditions millionths of a second after the Big Bang.
23:14If we want to probe ever smaller scales, paradoxically, we need an ever bigger machine.
23:19There's just no other way of doing it.
23:21So, big machines means small physics, means early times, and therefore getting closer and closer to the origin of the universe itself.
23:30This monster machine is called a collider.
23:35It's designed to take us back to those first fractions of a second after the Big Bang.
23:40It's a 12-foot-wide, concrete-lined circular tunnel, 17 miles around.
23:46The collider makes tiny particles of matter smash into each other at almost the speed of light.
23:56For a split second, those collisions generate turbocharged energy similar to the explosive force of the Big Bang.
24:10And then, that pure energy briefly transforms into matter, just like it did nearly 14 billion years ago.
24:21But a monster machine needs a monster detector to see these collisions.
24:29This detector is five stories tall and weighs over 7,000 tons.
24:35And 7,000 tons, to give you a sense of perspective, is the weight of the Eiffel Tower.
24:39But as big as it is, it can't see the actual particles of new matter.
24:46They hang around for just a split second and move so fast, it can only record their trails.
24:53There's a lot of energy in these particles.
24:55They move very, very quickly.
24:56And so, you need a very large amount of detector in order to be able to map the path of these particles very precisely.
25:04So, the detector is so big because you need better resolution.
25:09It works exactly the same as a camera.
25:11The more pixels you have, the better the picture.
25:13It's exactly the same here.
25:14We just have a five-story camera.
25:18Scientists hope that it will reveal just how energy transforms into matter.
25:25But not just any matter.
25:27The kind of matter that emerged 14 billion years ago at the dawn of time itself.
25:34But the dawn of time was a critical moment in the birth of the universe.
25:41Because pure energy also produced one of the most dangerous things in the universe.
25:46Anti-matter.
25:47That's right.
25:48Anti-matter.
25:50It's real.
25:55Anti-matter is the mirror image of ordinary matter.
25:59However, matter has one charge.
26:01And anti-matter has the opposite charge.
26:03If there was an anti-me, made out of anti-matter, that person in principle could look exactly like me.
26:11Same personality quirk, same everything.
26:13Except, of course, when I decide to shake his hand, at that point we both would blow ourselves to smithereens in a gigantic nuclear explosion.
26:21Matter, with a positive charge, locks horns with its arch enemy, anti-matter, with a negative charge.
26:32The fate of the universe hangs in the balance of this epic battle.
26:37Equal amounts of matter and anti-matter will cancel each other out.
26:41Not good.
26:42A universe with equal amounts of matter and anti-matter is equivalent to a universe with no matter at all.
26:48Because the matter and anti-matter will annihilate back into pure radiation.
26:53And there'll be nothing interesting, no stars and galaxies and people in between.
26:57Like a cosmic game of risk, the side with the most soldiers wins.
27:07The score was very close, but there was a winner.
27:10For every billion particles of anti-matter, there were a billion and one particles of matter.
27:20That was the moment of creation.
27:23The one extra particle of matter in each little volume survives.
27:27Survives enough to form all the matter we see in the stars and galaxies today.
27:32One in a billion might not sound like much, but it's enough to build a universe.
27:44We're the leftovers.
27:46So believe it or not, everything you see around you, the atoms of your body, the atoms of the stars,
27:52are nothing but leftovers.
27:55Leftovers from this ancient collision between matter and anti-matter.
28:02Lucky for us, there was enough left over to make all the stars and planets.
28:11And the universe is still less than one second old.
28:17But now, it's swarming with tiny, primitive particles.
28:24The next stage is assembling those tiny particles into the first atoms.
28:32Give or take a couple of Planck times, the universe is nearly a second old and still a very strange place.
28:53But matter has won the battle with anti-matter.
28:58And now, it's time to build the universe.
29:01It's still extremely hot and expanding incredibly fast.
29:09When the universe was a second old, the particles in it were very different than the particles we see today.
29:15There were no atoms.
29:16Nothing that we recognize in the room around us today yet existed.
29:23Now, all that begins to change.
29:25Temperatures continue to cool.
29:31And as the primitive particles keep slowing down, they start bonding together to form the atoms of the first elements.
29:41The first one to form is hydrogen.
29:43Then, over the next three minutes, the universe begins to create two more elements, helium and lithium.
29:54We went from a universe that was infinitely small to a universe that was light years in size.
30:06In the first three minutes, essentially everything interesting that was going to happen in the universe happened.
30:13When we look at the night sky, we can see literally billions of years into the past.
30:23And we think it's always been that way.
30:26Nope, not true.
30:28380,000 years after the Big Bang.
30:31That's when the universe began to become transparent.
30:34But before then, it was milky.
30:40There is a milky soup of loose electrons.
30:49The young universe has to cool down enough for the electrons to slow down and stick to new atoms.
30:56It took a long time for all of the hydrogen, helium and lithium atoms in the universe to form.
31:05Scientists calculate it took 380,000 years for the electrons to slow down enough so that the universe could start mass-producing atoms.
31:15When that happens, the milky fog clears.
31:18The first light escapes and races across the universe.
31:22Nearly 14 billion years later, two young scientists in New Jersey pick it up by accident.
31:33In 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson were mapping radio signals across our galaxy.
31:41Everywhere they looked, they picked up a strange background hum.
31:45They first suspected their equipment.
31:49Maybe pigeon droppings on the antenna were causing the strange signal.
31:55But after cleaning the antenna, the mysterious hum remained.
32:00So much for pigeon droppings.
32:01Penzias delivered a talk at Princeton University.
32:10And according to lore, one person in the back said,
32:13either you have discovered the effects of bird droppings or the creation of the universe.
32:19It was, in fact, the moment of creation, nearly 14 billion years ago, when those first atoms got their electrons.
32:34That's the moment when the milky cloud clears and the new universe comes into view for the first time.
32:42To capture better images of this critical event, NASA launched the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite, or COBE.
32:52They pointed it out into space where it took the temperature of the universe.
32:57By measuring differences in temperature across space, they created the first map of our early universe.
33:06The images were called the face of God.
33:08We got gorgeous pictures, baby pictures, of the infant universe when it was 380,000 years of age.
33:16But there were problems with it.
33:18The picture was very fuzzy.
33:20The COBE results were simply not good enough.
33:25Is this just looking good?
33:27So, NASA launched an even more advanced satellite, WMAP, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe.
33:35In 2001, David Spurgle was part of the team looking for a clearer image of the early universe.
33:43It was exciting to go to the Cape.
33:46It was one of these moments where we're sitting there, watching this.
33:49I was there with my family, watching the rocket go off.
33:53It was very exciting when, within about a day, we were able to get our first signal from the satellite
33:58and know it was working and working properly.
34:02This is the most detailed picture of the early universe ever taken,
34:06just 380,000 years after the Big Bang.
34:10The red and yellow areas are warmer, the blue and green regions cooler,
34:18and those temperature differences are clues to the future structure of the universe.
34:23We see tiny variations in temperature.
34:30Those tiny variations in temperature reflect small variations in density.
34:34This region has more matter, this region has less matter.
34:38Like a blueprint for the construction of our universe,
34:41this image shows us where there's more matter and where there's less.
34:45regions with no matter will become empty space.
34:53Areas with denser matter will become the construction sites
34:56of galaxies, stars, and planets.
35:04These are the fluctuations that will grow to form galaxies.
35:07So if it wasn't for those little density fluctuations,
35:10you and I would not be here today.
35:15Our universe is now 380,000 years old
35:19and trillions and trillions of miles across.
35:25Clouds of hydrogen and helium gas float through space.
35:30It will take another 200 million years
35:33before those gases create the first stars.
35:37These first stars ignited the universe
35:40into what must have been the most amazing fireworks.
35:45The universe went from the dark ages
35:53to an age of splendor
35:55when the first stars illuminated the gas
35:58and the universe began to glow
36:00in majestic fashion.
36:02I wish I could do it.
36:06It was like Christmas tree lights turning on.
36:09The universe began to light up in all directions
36:11until you form the beautiful mosaic we now see today.
36:24More and more stars turn on.
36:28One billion years after the Big Bang,
36:31the first galaxy forms.
36:32Over the next eight billion years,
36:37countless more take shape.
36:40Then, about five billion years ago,
36:43in a quiet corner of one of those galaxies,
36:47gravity begins to draw in dust and gas.
36:50Gradually, they clump together
36:56and give birth to a star,
37:00our sun.
37:06Nine billion years after the Big Bang,
37:09our tiny solar system springs to life,
37:12and with it, planet Earth.
37:18Everything there is exists
37:20because of the Big Bang.
37:22And it's still going on.
37:24Our universe is still expanding.
37:27But it won't just keep going forever.
37:31Our universe had a beginning.
37:33And it will also have an end.
37:47In the 14 billion years since the Big Bang,
37:50galaxies have been created.
37:55Filled with stars, planets, and moons.
37:58And the universe has been expanding the whole time.
38:06We've learned space is quite big,
38:09at least 150 billion light-years across.
38:12The universe may be infinite.
38:15It might literally go on forever.
38:19The answer is there doesn't have to be anything.
38:21In principle, the universe could be infinite
38:23and there's no outside.
38:25Or it could be closed on itself.
38:26It could be such that if I looked far enough
38:28in that direction,
38:29I'd see the back of my head.
38:31We may never know if the Big Bang
38:34produced a universe that goes on forever.
38:39But we do know that the Big Bang
38:41hasn't stopped yet.
38:44The Big Bang is really continuing now.
38:46We're continuing to bang, if you want,
38:48in the sense that the expansion
38:50of the universe is continuing.
38:51One of the most astounding discoveries
38:56in the last few years
38:57has been the realization that our universe
38:59is not slowing down, like we once thought,
39:02but it's actually speeding up.
39:04It's accelerating.
39:05It's in a runaway mode.
39:07We now believe there's something called dark energy,
39:10the energy of nothing,
39:12that is pushing the galaxies apart
39:14and is killing the universe.
39:16We can't see this destructive force
39:20and we have no idea why it exists.
39:25But it could mean the end of everything created
39:28in the Big Bang.
39:30If dark energy continues pushing the universe apart,
39:35our Milky Way galaxy could become
39:37a lonely outpost.
39:40A hundred billion years from now,
39:42most of our galactic neighbors
39:43will be out of sight.
39:46Stars will burn out.
39:48Galaxies will grow dark.
39:51Even atoms will tear apart.
39:54The birth of the universe,
39:56the Big Bang,
39:57was over in a flash.
39:58But the death of our universe
40:00will take almost forever.
40:04That great philosopher of the Western world,
40:07Woody Allen,
40:08once said,
40:09eternity is an awful long time,
40:12especially toward the end.
40:18Figuring out how our universe will end
40:20is as dark a mystery as the Big Bang.
40:25It could collapse back in on itself
40:28like a balloon when the air is let out.
40:35So would the universe end
40:37with a big crunch,
40:38a reverse of the Big Bang,
40:39or would it end by expanding out
40:42and becoming cold and dark?
40:43If you wish,
40:44would it end in fire or ice,
40:47or with a bang or a whimper?
40:51If the universe collapses,
40:53it might trigger another Big Bang.
41:05Maybe that's already happened.
41:08And we're just one
41:10in a long line of universes.
41:15Personally,
41:16I believe in continual genesis.
41:18That is,
41:19there's a never-ending process
41:21whereby universes collide,
41:23split apart,
41:24give birth to new universes,
41:26perhaps with the different laws of physics
41:29within each universe.
41:33Maybe this isn't the first time it's happened.
41:35Maybe it's cyclic and it goes round and round again.
41:38Eventually we'll collapse
41:39and the whole thing will start over again.
41:41One universe or many,
41:44they all start with a Big Bang.
41:51Everything that makes us human,
41:53the atoms in our bodies,
41:55the jewelry we wear,
41:56all the things that lead to the tragedy of life
41:59and the beauty and the excitement,
42:02love, everything else,
42:03arose because of processes
42:05that happened 14 billion years ago.
42:07And if we really want to understand ourselves
42:12at some fundamental level,
42:14we really have to understand the Big Bang.
42:2014 billion years ago,
42:22the Big Bang created time and space,
42:25our whole vast universe
42:27and everything in it,
42:29including us.
42:30Some people ask the question,
42:37what's in it for me?
42:39The Big Bang gave us everything
42:41we see around us.
42:43The distribution of galaxies and stars.
42:45It set into motion the creation of elements
42:48that we see in the universe
42:49and even the laws of physics themselves,
42:53we think,
42:54were born at the instant of creation.
42:56Everything started with the Big Bang.
43:05One brief moment in time,
43:0714 billion years ago,
43:10that contains the answers
43:11to our greatest questions
43:13about our past,
43:16our present,
43:17and our future.
43:18Each discovery
43:20brings us one step closer
43:22to understanding
43:23how the universe works.
43:26The Second Life
43:29Of Yes
43:31The Second Life
43:35The Second Life
43:38Of Yes
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