00:00Torsion engines powered by horsehair shattered Roman lines.
00:04Carthaginian engineers built massive torsion catapults without using a single metal spring or bowstring.
00:12They twisted thousands of strands of raw horsemane hair tightly inside vertical wooden frames.
00:18This biological bundle stored immense elastic energy, launching heavy stone projectiles across vast battlefield distances.
00:26Twisted protein fibers maximized mechanical storage capacity, storing unprecedented potential energy for catastrophic siege impacts.
