00:00The First Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict that took place from July 25, 1894 to April 17, 1895.
00:07and pits the Empire of China against the Empire of Japan, primarily over a struggle for influence over
00:11Korea.
00:12In China, it is commonly known as the Jiao War and in Japan as the Japan-King War.
00:17The conflict quickly turned against the King dynasty, which lost several land and naval battles, as well as...
00:23control of the ports of Lusenku, for Arthur, and Wei-Hai-Wei, which poses a threat to
00:28Beijing, the imperial capital.
00:30In February 1895, the Chinese government therefore requested peace and signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki two months later.
00:37ending the war.
00:38At the end of the 19th century, Korea remained one of the tributary states of the Kings, while Japan
00:43It considers it a target for its imperialist expansion, which will generate a series of crises in the years
00:481880 and 1890.
00:50In June 1894, the King government, at the request of King Gojong of Korea, sent 2800 soldiers to help
00:58to suppress the peasant revolution of Ongak.
01:00The Japanese consider this a violation of the Tianjin Convention of 1885, which regulated Chinese presence and
01:07Japanese troops in the peninsula, and send an expeditionary force of 8000 men who land at Incheon.
01:12This army advanced towards Seoul, captured the Korean sovereign, and established a pro-Japanese government on July 23.
01:181894 during the occupation of Kyongbokgung.
01:22The King government decided to withdraw its troops, but refused to recognize the new government, which then granted the
01:27'Imperial Japanese army has the right to forcibly expel Chinese troops from the Korean Peninsula.
01:33Approximately 3000 King soldiers still remained in Korea at that time and could only be supplied by sea.
01:37On July 25, the Japanese navy won the Battle of Pungdo and sank the Chinese steamer Koxing, which was carrying 1200
01:44men and equipment destined for Korea.
01:46Declarations of war from both countries followed on August 1st.
01:50After losing the Battle of Pyongyang on September 15, King's troops retreated towards Manchuria, allowing the
01:56Japanese to take complete control of Korea.
01:59Two days later, Beiyang's fleet suffered a decisive defeat at the Battle of the Yalu River, and
02:04Its surviving ships retreated towards Lusenku.
02:06In October 1894, the Japanese army invaded Manchuria and captured Lusenku on November 21.
02:13Japan then captured Weiyuei on the Shandong Peninsula on February 12, 1895.
02:19This gave him control of the approaches to Beijing, and the King dynasty then began negotiations with Japan.
02:25at the beginning of March.
02:26The war ended with the Treaty of Shimonoseki on April 17, which forced the Kings to pay a significant
02:32compensation and to cede the island of Taiwan to Japan, which also acquires a dominant position in Korea.
02:37However, some of the territories annexed by Japan were returned after the three-pronged intervention, during which Russia,
02:43France and Germany are seeking to limit Japanese expansion in Asia.
02:46The war dramatically and humiliatingly demonstrates the failure of the King dynasty's attempts to modernize its army.
02:53and to repel threats against its sovereignty,
02:55especially in comparison with the success of the Meiji Restoration in Japan, which achieved this goal in a few decades
03:00and is rightly crowned by victory in this war.
03:03Regional dominance in East Asia shifted from China to Japan, and the prestige of the dynasty
03:08King, as well as classical tradition in China, are severely affected.
03:11In the following decade, the Chinese Empire was gradually dismembered by Western colonial powers, who carved out their own territories within it.
03:17considerable areas of influence.
03:19Domestically, the defeat acted as a catalyst for a series of political upheavals led by Sun Yat-sen.
03:25-sen and Kang Yuwei,
03:26culminating in the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the definitive end of the imperial regime in China.
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