00:00Why do American firefighters start an even bigger fire before fighting a wildfire?
00:04Wildfires are extremely difficult to extinguish, and ignition causes very widely.
00:07This large tree for example was struck by lightning and burning internally,
00:11if not discovered and extinguished quickly it triggers a full forest fire.
00:14These fires often occur in remote mountainous areas with no roads,
00:17so firefighters can only parachute in.
00:19Unable to carry much equipment, they choose fighting fire with fire.
00:22Rapidly burning a firebreak is the optimal solution under these conditions.
00:26The physics behind this is based on combustion conditions and hot air rising.
00:30Wildfire areas heat the air rapidly, creating low pressure that continuously pulls surrounding airflow inward,
00:34forming strong winds converging toward the center.
00:37So firefighters have no concern about their lit fire spreading in other directions,
00:40it only gets pulled toward the stronger wildfire.
00:43Simultaneously the pre-lit fire consumes most of the oxygen the wildfire needs to burn.
00:47When the man-made fire meets the approaching wildfire head-on,
00:49the junction between them suddenly becomes oxygen depleted, forcing the wildfire to extinguish.
00:54But this firefighting method requires enormous real-world experience.
00:57Failing to account for surrounding terrain and how mountain slopes affect wind direction can
01:01at minimum allow the fire to expand, and at worst trap the entire firefighting team in the flames.
01:05Once the visible fire is extinguished,
01:07smoldering fires burning in oxygen depleted conditions are far harder to fully eliminate.
01:11This tree for example looks completely normal from outside,
01:13not even smoking, but knocked over its burning intensely inside.
01:17Situations like this are everywhere after a forest fire.
01:20The best way to quickly locate and fully eliminate smoldering fires is nighttime operations,
01:23only then can those tiny invisible glows invisible during daylight all be found.
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