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05:32J. Edgar Hoover
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08:12Bisher saat Bu sonunda ...
08:19Hiyasının en hizmeti ve bu birçok withür.
08:24Bu geçelim.
08:34Viral ve bu Türkiye'de o uluslarına birleştir.
08:37Bu konudan
08:50370.Şeylesine1
08:56En an anti-war
08:59demonstration
08:59at
08:59Kent
08:59State the National
09:01Guard
09:01shot unarmed
09:02students
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09:32After the midterms, he was looking very vulnerable.
09:36Which is why, in preparation for the political battle he faced in getting re-elected in 1972, he wanted more
09:42information, more quickly.
09:50He was unhappy with what he was learning about the anti-war movement.
09:54He wanted to know more about what they were doing, why they were doing it.
09:59My name is John Dean.
10:00I was counsel to the president.
10:06Some of the demonstrations were affecting his ability to govern.
10:10He wanted better anti-war intelligence.
10:13There was something called the Houston Plan.
10:17Nixon had a young aide named Tom Houston generate a proposal outlining a new intelligence plan that was going to
10:23go more aggressively against the anti-war movement.
10:25It called for things like opening mail and burglary.
10:30It also sought to consolidate all the intelligence agencies under one roof, the White House.
10:36Houston sent it over to Hoover's office for approval.
10:38The plan had so offended Hoover, who had put a footnote saying, no, the FBI wouldn't cooperate with this.
10:47Nixon's endgame with the Houston Plan went beyond anti-war protesters.
10:52He wanted intelligence on anyone he deemed a political enemy.
10:58Using FBI resources to go after Nixon's enemies would not only be illegal, it would shrink the power and independent
11:04standing that Hoover had spent a lifetime building.
11:07They really have a big showdown about that, and it is not Nixon, but Hoover, who wins.
11:14For Nixon, I can imagine this felt personal.
11:18Here was an old friend cutting him off.
11:20But Hoover was also, in his own way, looking out for him.
11:24Hoover doesn't want to give up control there, but he also does warn Nixon that those sorts of things could
11:30get him into pretty serious political trouble.
11:41That warning must have faded from Nixon's mind by the time Hoover died two years later.
11:46His death only heightens the respect and admiration felt for him across this land, and in every land where men
11:54cherish freedom.
11:56And with the long-standing FBI director gone, so too went the obstacle standing between Nixon and the intelligence he
12:03was after.
12:11In the American League, Kansas City, 13, Boston, 9, New York.
12:17Red.
12:18Orange Plus, frozen concentrate for orange breakfast.
12:23The Democratic National Committee is trying to solve a spy mystery.
12:27It began before dawn Saturday when five intruders were captured by police.
12:30Lake Chicago Cubs 10, San Diego 1.
12:33Pittsburgh took a doubleheader from San Francisco.
12:35Earlier, I said I wanted to introduce you to two characters not typically associated with Watergate.
12:40Well, it was right about here, after the break-in, that the second man entered the picture.
12:45Five members present, Mr. Chairman.
12:47His legacy is not as large as Hoover's, but were it not for a few crooked turns in the story
12:52of Watergate, I think it would have been.
12:55I'd be glad to yield to any questions I can answer.
12:59Yes, sir.
13:00Meet Wright Patman.
13:06At the time of the Watergate break-in, Wright Patman was a 78-year-old Democratic congressman and chair of
13:12the House Banking Committee.
13:14Wright Patman was a long-serving member of Congress from northeast Texas.
13:22He was first elected in 1928, and he saw Washington, D.C. as the place that he could have the
13:30most impact on people like his family.
13:36Rural Americans were being left behind, and he wanted to change that.
13:44In Wright Patman's early days in Congress, he pushed for Andrew Mellon to be impeached as Secretary of the Treasury.
13:53Mellon was pushing for tax cut after tax cut after tax cut to benefit the wealthy, and so he wanted
14:02Mellon out of power.
14:04Finally, after Patman made so much noise about impeaching him, Mellon was forced out of office and reassigned to a
14:10much lesser job as the ambassador to England.
14:13For young Wright Patman, it counted as a victory.
14:15Oh, he was a legend.
14:17I just love the old man.
14:18He had just been a fighter from the time he came to Congress and just fought all the way through.
14:23He was a real hero.
14:25My name is Peggy Lewis.
14:26I was one of the team members for Wright Patman and the House Banking Committee in 1972.
14:32His one drawback, as far as the staff was concerned, Mr. Patman worked every Saturday morning, so we had to
14:39work every Saturday morning, and that was that.
14:43The committee will stand at recess, subject of call to the chair.
14:47And in the summer of 1972, weekend work was going to be necessary for the House Banking Committee,
14:52because its leader was about to launch an extremely ambitious investigation, rooted in a hunch.
14:57The burglars broke through a fire escape door that led to the committee's offices.
15:01Wright Patman got suspicious when the initial reports about the Watergate break-in revealed that one of the burglars worked
15:06for Nixon's re-election committee, Creep.
15:09His name was James McCord, who you might remember worked as security for Martha Mitchell.
15:13One of the suspects, James McCord, was doing work for the Republican National Committee and the committee to re-elect
15:19President Nixon.
15:20The person who's running for office and the money's being raised for him and nobody else, he's in charge as
15:27he should be, and if he's not, he's running a very poor campaign.
15:31The White House held the line and characterized the break-in at the Watergate as a third-rate burglary and
15:36dismissed any connection to it,
15:38which may have been enough to stave off a few questions from the press.
15:41But someone like Wright Patman had the authority to launch a congressional investigation.
15:46Creep and the White House would need to get their story straight and fast.
15:59Right after the Watergate burglary, John Dean, then counsel to the president, was in California
16:05when he got an urgent phone call telling him the president's assistant, John Ehrlichman, was looking for him.
16:10Something happened at the Democratic National Committee that involves the re-election committee,
16:16and I think you better get home.
16:23And there was a remarkable story in the Washington Post by two reporters I'd never heard of,
16:30Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein.
16:32It didn't take me very long to put together what had happened while reading this column.
16:38Remember Operation Gemstone?
16:40Gordon Liddy's plans that called for hiring prostitutes, illegal surveillance, and breaking and entering?
16:45Remember that John Dean was also at that meeting.
16:48It was clear that whatever Liddy's plans were had continued, and my efforts to kill it had not succeeded.
16:58I think until we know the facts, it's rather difficult to respond.
17:02Certainly we deplore it, but the fact remains that one of the five was a Republican National Committee employee.
17:08Then John Ehrlichman called, and I said, do you think I should meet with Liddy?
17:12He said, absolutely, and report back to me.
17:16The money the men who were arrested this weekend had was traced to Miami and Philadelphia.
17:21As chair of the House Banking Committee, Patman had the power to open a congressional investigation into pretty much anything
17:26he wanted,
17:27so long as it had a banking angle.
17:30And with a creep staffer as one of the burglars and the money found at the scene,
17:34Patman's angle was beginning to take shape.
17:36The burglars were found to have a large sum of money on their persons.
17:42Those bills were in serial number order.
17:46So that, combined with the fact that the location of the break-in was the Democratic Party headquarters
17:53in a presidential election year, was more than enough to set Patman's radar off.
18:03He immediately wanted an investigation.
18:06He smelled a rat.
18:08It's been learned that another man rented the room in the Watergate Hotel where the suspects were staying.
18:13The other man who rented the room was Gordon Liddy.
18:16But unless you either organized the break-in or you were actively trying to clean it up,
18:19you probably didn't know that yet.
18:23I'm about to meet with Liddy and he's about to confess with me.
18:25Yeah, okay.
18:28So I called Liddy, asked him to come over to my office,
18:31but I intercepted him before he got to the White House
18:37and stopped him on 17th Street.
18:41I realized I didn't want him in the White House complex.
18:47There was a park bench, and we each kind of put our foot up on that bench,
18:51and he said, it was my mistake to use McCord.
18:57He said, I realized that was a terrible mistake.
19:00He said, Magruder cut my budget so badly that I had to hire somebody that had this capability,
19:08and McCord was interested, and I got him for a good price, but it was a mistake.
19:12I, it's directly traceable back to the re-election committee.
19:19And I said, this does sound like a disaster.
19:22And he said, listen, I know you may want to make arrangements to have me taken out,
19:29but don't do it at my house.
19:31I got kids there and it'd be a mess.
19:33And I said, what are you talking about, Gordon?
19:35He said, he said, I understand that I really may have cost the president his campaign.
19:41He said, I don't know where this is going to go.
19:44But he said, if you want to take me out, you just tell me what street corner to be on
19:48and when to be there, and you can do it.
19:52And I said, well, Gordon, I, I don't think we've reached that stage at this point.
19:59Say what you will about Nixon, but the man certainly inspired loyalty from his people.
20:09But so did Wright Patman, a congressman now on a mission.
20:131972, the year that out of two major parties in our country,
20:18one of them boldly attempted to assassinate the other.
20:23I'm trouble, stay away from me.
20:29Patman's investigation into what happened at Watergate
20:31officially began on August 17th, 1972.
20:34I was fiercely loyal to Patman because I believed in what he was doing.
20:41My name is Curtis Prins.
20:44And for 10 years, I was the chief investigator of the banking committee
20:49of the U.S. House of Representatives.
20:52He said, Kurt, I want you to start looking into this.
20:56And that was about the only guidance that I had.
21:00It was kind of make it up as you go along.
21:05There wasn't a lot of information to go on.
21:08A recently passed piece of legislation would impact their inquiry.
21:12President Nixon today signed into law a measure which is designed to limit
21:15the amount of money candidates for federal office can spend in their campaigns
21:19and which will require them to tell more completely where they got the money.
21:23On April 7th, 1972, a new law had made it so that all political donations had to be made public.
21:30It seems insane, but before that date, you could give a president any amount of money you wanted,
21:35millions of undocumented dollars, and you could walk away like a ghost,
21:39which is exactly what a lot of Nixon supporters were doing.
21:42The April 7th date, as it was approaching, a lot of people were coming to Washington
21:49to give money to the committee to re-elect the president, creep as it was called.
21:55They wanted to get the money in before they had to publicly identify it.
22:00And one of the people who gave a million dollars was the chairman of Pennzoil.
22:07He turned out to be a really a nice guy, answered all my questions.
22:13He explained to me that on the morning of April 7th, when he got to Washington,
22:18he went to the committee to turn the money in.
22:23Committee for the re-election of the president, may I help you?
22:25And there were so many people there that they told him he had to take a number
22:29and come back the next day.
22:32Can you imagine being so busy collecting money that you tell a million dollars to come back tomorrow?
22:37So he said he slept in a hotel room with the money on the pillow next to him.
22:45After April 7th, if you wanted to give a lot of money to the president
22:48and not have anyone find out who you were,
22:51you would need to get creative with things like shell companies and money laundering.
22:54So when the Washington Post reported that one of the burglars had $89,000
22:59deposited into his bank account in the form of Mexican checks,
23:02and drew a few dots for Patman.
23:04That bank account belongs to one of the men arrested June 17th at 2.30 in the morning
23:09in the national headquarters of the Democratic Party.
23:12But he could not yet connect them all.
23:14Nixon was the boss.
23:17And these guys would do anything to protect him.
23:22I knew that the staff was involved.
23:25I knew that there were some donors involved.
23:29But I didn't know at that time that it went all the way to the president.
23:35The White House today simply refused to comment on any charges against the committee for the re-election of the
23:41president.
23:41So the various strands of the story were there.
23:44The botched break-in, the bills in serial order,
23:46the creep staffer,
23:48the Mexican bank.
23:49But it was almost too abstract to piece together.
23:51The cast of the Watergate caper is full of silent, shadowy figures.
23:56So it is nice cops and robbers.
23:58But all the evidence we find is that as a political issue, it is falling flat.
24:03But that did nothing to slow down Wright Patman's pursuit.
24:06He wanted to keep at it, keep digging.
24:08He'd been a thorn in someone's side his whole career.
24:11He had no problem becoming one for the president.
24:13Of course, they'll try to put it off until after the election,
24:16all the trials and everything else to smother it down.
24:20Richard Nixon was not at all enthused to have Wright Patman asking questions about the Watergate break-in.
24:36Push it, as in put it off until after the election.
24:40Besides all the power of his office, Nixon also had time on his side.
24:44If you worked in any elections, local, state, or federal,
24:49the day after the election, everything is gone.
24:51The staff is gone, your paperwork is gone, and so on and so forth.
24:54You have to get to those people before the election.
24:58That was the crunch to get things done.
25:02If someone could die from a broken heart
25:06Would I be alive
25:12I need to leave the past
25:15And make a brand new start
25:17When my wings are flying
25:22By September 1972,
25:24Patman's investigation was up,
25:26but not running as smoothly as he wanted.
25:29I tried to interview the people involved in the committee to re-elect the president.
25:37The chairman of that committee was Maurice Stanz.
25:41Where is it?
25:43Good morning, Mr. Stanz.
25:44We didn't have subpoena power,
25:47which is like trying to go swimming without any water.
25:51When you don't have subpoena power,
25:54you can't, quote, coerce anybody into answering.
25:59We start asking questions,
26:02and every time we'd ask a question,
26:05Maurice Stanz would get up
26:06and walk down the hall,
26:08and he opened a door.
26:10It was a room
26:12that was about the size
26:14of a walk-in closet.
26:17Not much bigger than that.
26:19There must have been
26:2015 people
26:21crammed in there.
26:23It was like a clown car
26:24that you see in the circus.
26:28They were all
26:29in suits and ties,
26:31and
26:32you could tell that they were
26:34people who were connected
26:36to something bigger
26:37than just the committee
26:38to re-elect the president.
26:41He'd come back and say,
26:42well, I can't answer that question.
26:44So he'd ask another question.
26:46He kept going back
26:47to this little room
26:49full of lawyers.
26:50It was clear
26:51he was trying to find out
26:53what we knew,
26:55and they refused to answer
26:56any question.
26:58So at the end of the time,
27:00Maurice Stanz walked over to me
27:01with his hand extended,
27:03and I said to him
27:04in a rather clear voice,
27:07I'm not shaking
27:08your fucking hand.
27:09Maurice Stanz
27:11did not take kindly
27:12to Prince's rebuke.
27:13The manner in which
27:14certain staff members
27:15of the Patman Committee
27:16have behaved
27:17in this entire matter
27:18is the most shocking example
27:20of partisan misbehavior
27:22and discourtesy
27:23that I've encountered
27:24in all of my years
27:25in public life.
27:27They were rude
27:28and insulting
27:29to the point
27:30of using foul obscenities.
27:33To this day,
27:35I'm proud
27:36that I did that.
27:37I probably would have hit him,
27:39but then I would have
27:40gone to jail.
27:41The news reports state
27:43that I knew of
27:45and approved
27:45complex plans
27:47to transfer funds
27:49from contributors
27:50in the United States
27:51to Mexican banks
27:54and then to the
27:55Finance Committee
27:56to re-elect the president.
27:58That is not true.
28:01Stanz knew about it.
28:02Certainly he is bound
28:03to know about it.
28:04Ray Patman developed
28:05a theory.
28:06He believed that there was
28:07this corrupt system
28:09of campaign donations
28:11to undertake
28:13campaign activities
28:14that would not be
28:17deemed ethical
28:19and proper.
28:21But in order to prove that,
28:22he would need subpoena power,
28:24which he could get
28:25only with the majority
28:26of the House Banking Committee
28:27granting it.
28:28So Patman scheduled a meeting
28:30to be held in October,
28:31in which the committee
28:32would take a vote.
28:33In the meantime,
28:34he asks his staff
28:35to prepare a preliminary report,
28:37which would serve as evidence
28:38to convince his colleagues
28:39to vote yes.
28:41This report detailed
28:43pretty much every major player
28:46in the Watergate scandal
28:49who had been involved
28:50with the break-in,
28:52where did the cash come from,
28:54the black bag tactics
28:57of the Nixon campaign.
28:59The report leaked,
29:01and stories about what it contained
29:02ran on the evening news.
29:04A report, a search that stands
29:05new of the transfer
29:07of at least $100,000
29:08in campaign contributions
29:10from a bank in Mexico
29:12to his office in Washington.
29:14The so-called secret fund,
29:16used allegedly to finance
29:17political surveillance
29:18and sabotage.
29:20The leaking of the report
29:21increases public awareness
29:24of what happened
29:25and the need for some sort
29:27of investigation
29:28in the campaign.
29:36With the 1972 election
29:37weeks away,
29:38the last thing anyone
29:39in the White House wanted
29:40were questions from Wright-Patman,
29:42especially questions
29:43about the committee
29:44to re-elect the president
29:45and how they've been spending
29:46their money over the last year
29:47or so.
29:48Because they've been very busy
29:49spending a lot of it
29:50on some very questionable things.
30:02As the field
30:02of Democratic candidates
30:03vying for the nomination
30:04in 1972 took shape,
30:06Nixon sized up the competition.
30:09And in doing so,
30:10he wisely saw Edmund Muskie,
30:12the senator from Maine,
30:13and Hubert Humphrey,
30:14the senator from Minnesota,
30:15as strong opponents
30:16in the upcoming general election.
30:18And just as shrewdly,
30:20he saw George McGovern,
30:21the senator from South Dakota,
30:22as a very weak one.
30:25What do you think
30:25of George McGovern?
30:29He's all right.
30:30He's all right.
30:33Well, I know he's a man,
30:34but I don't know much more
30:35about him than that.
30:38McGovern was not scintillating.
30:40He was somewhat methodical
30:43and shy and boring.
30:47I'm Connie Chung.
30:49I was covering
30:50Senator George McGovern
30:51for CBS News.
30:53He gave the same speech
30:54day after day after day.
30:56I think this is another victory
30:58of the new politics
31:00over the old.
31:01Well, I think it's a clear victory
31:03for the new politics.
31:04A victory of the new politics
31:07over the old.
31:08He was considered to be
31:10the guy for radicals,
31:12for pot smokers,
31:13for hippies,
31:14and he was an outlier.
31:16He really didn't have
31:18much of a chance.
31:21Nixon now.
31:24Nixon now.
31:26He's made the difference.
31:29He's shut us out.
31:31With McGovern running
31:32as the Democratic nominee,
31:33Nixon would have the path
31:34of least resistance
31:35to re-election in 1972.
31:37But first,
31:38he'd have to make sure
31:39that the other two guys,
31:40Humphrey and Muskie,
31:41never made it past the primaries.
31:42And that was going to take
31:44some coordination
31:45and cash flow.
31:48So,
31:49Creep got to work.
31:50The charges center
31:51about a man
31:52whose very name
31:52in Italian
31:53is Secrets.
31:55Donald Segretti,
31:56an attorney doing
31:57some freelance work
31:58for the committee,
31:59spearheaded a political
31:59sabotage operation
32:00that he and his colleagues
32:01called rat-fucking.
32:03Reports in major newspapers
32:04say White House aides
32:06recruited Segretti
32:07for secret intelligence work
32:08and dirty tricks
32:10against the Democrats.
32:12Now,
32:13there has been
32:13a rich history
32:14of political chicanery
32:15in this country,
32:16but Richard Nixon
32:16took it to another level.
32:18To give you an idea,
32:19here's Alex Shipley,
32:20a lawyer whom
32:21Donald Segretti
32:21tried to hire
32:22for a little undercover work.
32:23He outlined a plan
32:25of political espionage.
32:27I asked him
32:28for whom we would be working.
32:30He said,
32:31for Nixon.
32:32He said that we would
32:33have a lot of fun
32:34and we'd be taken care of
32:35after the election.
32:37He noted that money
32:38was no object
32:38and that if I needed to travel,
32:40I could charge it
32:41and send him the bill.
32:42And all bills sent to
32:44and paid for
32:44by the creep fund.
32:46Segretti seems to have been
32:47a man constantly on the move.
32:49He crisscrossed the country
32:50ten times in six months
32:52in 1971.
32:54Priority number one
32:55was taking down
32:56Senator Edmund Muskie.
32:59Here's a memo
32:59from creep operative
33:00Jeb Magruder.
33:02Senator Muskie
33:03is target A
33:03as of midsummer
33:04for our operation.
33:05All I am asking
33:07is that we pledge
33:08a new beginning.
33:12Muskie was the frontrunner,
33:14the leader.
33:15I thought he'd make
33:16a wonderful president.
33:19I'm Tony Podesta.
33:20In 1972,
33:21I was the New Hampshire
33:22campaign manager
33:23for Senator Ed Muskie
33:25when he ran for president.
33:27Muskie did better
33:28in polling
33:29against Nixon
33:30than any of the other Democrats.
33:38He was a very good speaker
33:39and did extraordinarily well
33:42on television
33:43and in audiences.
33:46Good to see you, sir.
33:47How you doing?
33:47Oh, all right.
33:48I wish you a lot of luck.
33:49Thank you.
33:49The New Hampshire primary
33:50was Muskie's first big test.
33:52But since it was in New England
33:53and so close to his home turf
33:55in Maine,
33:56it seemed like a good bet
33:57that he'd win big
33:58and build momentum early.
34:00That is,
34:01until creep started working
34:02in the phones.
34:06They had a group
34:07of African-American phoners
34:11who were clearly
34:12heavily accented
34:14African-American
34:15calling up
34:16New Hampshire voters
34:18at midnight,
34:20in most cases,
34:21waking people up,
34:22saying,
34:23we're from Harlem
34:24for Muskie,
34:25and we wanted to know
34:26that we think
34:27that Ed Muskie
34:28would be the best candidate
34:29for Harlem.
34:30Many phone calls
34:32were made
34:32throughout the night
34:34during the final week
34:35from people
34:36identifying themselves
34:37as Harlem citizens
34:39for Muskie.
34:41These calls
34:42were particularly disruptive
34:44because of the low
34:45black population
34:46in New Hampshire
34:46and because of the time received.
34:52They made thousands
34:53of phone calls like that,
34:54people who called us
34:55to complain,
34:57saying,
34:57why are you calling me
34:58at midnight?
34:59We didn't call you.
35:00There is no such thing
35:02as Harlem for Muskie.
35:04Edmund Muskie held
35:05a big commanding lead
35:07for a long time
35:08in this New Hampshire
35:08primary campaign.
35:10According to all the polls,
35:12he had far more support
35:13than all his opponents
35:14put together.
35:16But Muskie has been slipping
35:17and slipping badly
35:18this past week.
35:20A lot of voters
35:21who once were for him
35:22now are saying
35:23they are undecided.
35:25Muskie did manage
35:26to eke out a victory
35:27in New Hampshire,
35:28but with less than
35:2950% of the vote.
35:30There are 24 primaries
35:32and this is the first
35:33and it is not the last.
35:36Creep didn't land
35:37a knockout punch,
35:38but Muskie was bloodied.
35:40Things would get worse
35:41for him as primary season
35:42wore on,
35:42and Creep intensified
35:44his attack.
35:45At one point,
35:46they planted an associate
35:46as a chauffeur
35:47to Muskie's campaign
35:48to steal documents.
35:49We came back
35:50in the morning
35:51and the scheduling memo
35:52detailing every place
35:54to go before the primaries
35:55and the conventions
35:56had been stolen.
35:57They set off stink bombs
35:58at Muskie picnics,
36:00and they released
36:01live mice
36:02at a Muskie press conference.
36:05Segretti and Creep
36:06knew their full-on assault
36:07was working
36:07by the time
36:08they got to Wisconsin.
36:10Muskie had been
36:10a heavy favorite
36:11to not just win that state,
36:12but to do so overwhelmingly.
36:15He got just 10%.
36:16Obviously,
36:19after an election
36:20like yesterday,
36:21we want to thoroughly review
36:23what we've been doing.
36:26It was over.
36:27He bowed out
36:27a few weeks later.
36:30with Muskie out,
36:31it was neck and neck
36:32between George McGovern,
36:33the man Nixon
36:34knew he could beat.
36:35I think this
36:35is another victory
36:37of the new politics
36:39over the old.
36:40And Hubert Humphrey,
36:41the man he still saw
36:42as a credible threat.
36:43Humphrey will be our nominee
36:45in Miami,
36:47in Miami.
36:48Humphrey is
36:50what the world needs today.
36:52He's the people's name.
36:56Hubert Humphrey.
36:58I came within
36:59a hair's breadth
37:00of beating Mr. Nixon
37:01in 1968
37:02before they found out
37:03really what he was like.
37:04I think Mr. Nixon
37:05is the most beatable
37:06candidate that I could find.
37:08Humphrey was striving.
37:09He was the underdog.
37:11He was slugging Nixon
37:12hard.
37:14My name is Roger Stone.
37:16In 1972,
37:18I was the youngest member
37:20of the committee
37:21to re-elect
37:22the president's staff.
37:24The committee
37:25to re-elect the president,
37:26and they needed
37:27intelligence
37:28on the Humphrey campaign.
37:30And they wanted me
37:31to find somebody
37:32who could volunteer
37:33for Humphrey
37:35and kind of burrow
37:37into their campaign
37:38and find out
37:39what was going on.
37:40Thank you.
37:41Thank you, dear.
37:42We recruited a fellow.
37:44I paid him
37:45through money orders.
37:47And he glommed
37:48on to the Humphrey campaign,
37:50eventually becoming
37:51a driver for Humphrey
37:53and a traveling aide
37:54for Humphrey.
37:58The intelligence
37:59that he sent back
38:00was titillating,
38:01but not all that useful.
38:03He said Humphrey
38:04was exhausted.
38:05We knew that.
38:06He said Humphrey
38:06was chronically short
38:08of money.
38:09We knew that, too.
38:12All the press boys
38:13want you to kiss me again.
38:14Come on now, honey.
38:16Happy birthday, sister.
38:17Want to try it again?
38:18He told us that Humphrey
38:21often frolicked
38:22with two girls at a time,
38:24prostitutes.
38:25We didn't know that.
38:27Democrats also suffered
38:29from dirty tricks
38:30in Florida
38:30as this fake letter
38:32on Muskie's stationery
38:34accusing Senator Humphrey
38:36of illicit sexual relations.
38:38It was mailed
38:39to thousands
38:40of registered Democrats.
38:41We have a job to do.
38:43Our target
38:43is not each other.
38:44Our target
38:45is Richard Nixon
38:46and the Republican administration.
38:48While Creef got its shots
38:49in on Humphrey,
38:51George McGovern
38:51came away unscathed,
38:53which, of course,
38:54was the whole point.
38:56There was even one report
38:57that during
38:58the California primary,
38:59Nixon campaign funds
39:00were given
39:01to the McGovern campaign
39:02to help McGovern
39:03win the primary
39:04and wrap up the nomination.
39:06I can't believe
39:07we've won the whole thing.
39:14The whole thing
39:15is pretty unbelievable, right?
39:17George McGovern
39:18had won the Democratic primary
39:19and Nixon could now
39:20wipe the floor with him.
39:22But if anyone
39:23with any authority,
39:24someone like, say,
39:26Wright Patman
39:26did some digging,
39:27think of all the evidence
39:28he might find.
39:30It could pose a real threat
39:31to Nixon's re-election.
39:34And by late summer 1972,
39:36Watergate was becoming
39:37like an annoying mosquito
39:39that Nixon
39:39just couldn't quite swap.
39:41And the questions,
39:44questions you'd rather
39:45other people answer,
39:46kept coming.
39:51Two former White House A's
39:53with electronic
39:53receiving devices
39:54were in the room
39:55of the Watergate Hotel
39:56on the early morning
39:57of June 17th.
39:59The men are G. Gordon Liddy,
40:01at that time,
40:01counsel to the Finance Committee
40:02to re-elect the president,
40:04and E. Howard Hunt,
40:05the former White House consultant.
40:07I get a call
40:08to come out to San Clemente.
40:10Haldeman and Ehrlichman
40:11are there.
40:11They ask for an update,
40:13and they say the president's
40:14going to have a press conference.
40:19was about to take his first steps
40:21onto the national stage,
40:24whether he wanted to or not.
40:28We'll go right ahead
40:29with your questions
40:30because I know you want
40:31to cover perhaps some international
40:32as well as domestic matters.
40:39to be appointed to investigate
40:43the contribution situation
40:46and also the Watergate case.
40:49I know today
40:50from going through
40:52Nixon's notes
40:53that he had planned
40:55how he was going to handle
40:56what he figured
40:57was a sure question.
40:59Don't you think
40:59you should appoint
41:00a special prosecutor?
41:02And he says,
41:04well, no,
41:05and for several good reasons.
41:07The FBI
41:08is conducting
41:09a full field investigation.
41:11The Department of Justice,
41:13of course,
41:14is in charge
41:14of the prosecution.
41:18Banking and Currency Committee
41:19is conducting investigation.
41:21These investigations
41:22have, at my direction,
41:23had the total cooperation
41:25of not only the White House,
41:27but also of all agencies
41:29of the government.
41:30He said,
41:30most importantly,
41:31my White House counsel,
41:33John Dean,
41:34has undertaken
41:35an investigation
41:36of this entire thing.
41:37of this entire matter.
41:39Under my direction,
41:41counsel to the president,
41:42Mr. Dean,
41:43has conducted
41:44a complete investigation
41:45of all leads
41:47which might involve
41:48any present members
41:50of the White House staff.
41:51And I can say categorically
41:53that his investigation
41:54indicates that
41:55no one
41:56on the White House staff,
41:57no one
41:58in this administration
42:00presently employed
42:01was involved
42:02in this
42:03very bizarre incident.
42:05Well,
42:06I damn near
42:07fell off the end
42:08of the bed
42:08when I heard it
42:10because I had conducted
42:11no investigation
42:12whatsoever.
42:19Soon,
42:19I got a call
42:20from his press secretary,
42:21Ron Ziegler,
42:22saying,
42:23the press wants
42:24a copy of your report
42:26to the president.
42:27And I said,
42:28well, Ron,
42:29there is no report.
42:30He said,
42:31what do you mean?
42:31I said,
42:32I said,
42:32there is no investigation.
42:34He said,
42:34well,
42:34don't you think
42:35you'd better start one?
42:38What really hurts
42:39in matters of this sort
42:41is not the fact
42:42that they occur
42:43because overzealous people
42:45in campaigns
42:45do things that are wrong.
42:47What really hurts
42:48is if you try
42:49to cover it up.
42:50While he hasn't
42:51gone over me
42:52with the bus,
42:53he's put me
42:53in front of the bus
42:54and I now have
42:56a different visibility
42:57that I hadn't had before.
42:59This kind of activity,
43:00as I've often indicated,
43:02has no place
43:02whatever in our
43:03political process.
43:04We want the air cleared.
43:06We want it cleared
43:06as soon as possible.
43:08Mr. President.
43:09Thank you, Mr. President.
43:11But I'm not really worried.
43:14I think that the president
43:15is going to win.
43:17I don't think I'm involved
43:18in any criminal behavior.
43:20I'm more worried
43:21about the politics of it
43:23if this thing does fall apart.
43:26Just get to election day
43:27and this whole thing
43:28will go away.
43:29With the promise
43:30of four more years in power,
43:32Nixon would have more wiggle room
43:33to make Watergate disappear.
43:35Four more years!
43:37I can imagine
43:38that everyone involved
43:39felt the same way.
43:40Four more years!
43:40Just keep your head
43:41above water.
43:42Sure, there will be
43:43some questions here and there,
43:44but there's a glimmer of hope
43:45on the horizon come November.
43:47And actually,
43:48even before then,
43:50things started to look
43:51a little brighter.
43:51Raid hunts them down
43:52like radar.
43:57Sweeps bugs from the air.
44:00Get raid!
44:02Federal indictments
44:03were returned
44:04in Washington today
44:05in the Watergate
44:06bugging affair.
44:07The five who were
44:08caught by the police,
44:09along with two others,
44:11G. Gordon Liddy,
44:12a former White House aide,
44:14and E. Howard Hunt,
44:16a former consultant
44:17for the White House.
44:18The Justice Department
44:19never even submitted
44:20the names of top Republicans
44:22for possible indictment
44:23by the grand jury.
44:25It said the conspiracy
44:26consisted of those
44:27seven men and no more.
44:29Haldeman waltzes me
44:30into the Oval Office
44:32when the indictment
44:33is handed down
44:34that only gets the men
44:36who were arrested
44:37in the Watergate
44:38plus Hunt and Liddy,
44:39who'd left clues everywhere.
44:41And that's where it stops.
44:43And the president's pleased.
45:01His mood brightened
45:02even more
45:03when he began plotting
45:03revenge on everyone
45:04who wouldn't let Watergate go.
45:31Oh, that's an exciting prospect,
45:33Mr. President,
45:34which I cringe at
45:36every time I hear it.
45:38I was just pure brown-nosy.
45:40You can maybe forgive Dean
45:42for trying to get in
45:43his boss's good graces,
45:44especially when it seemed
45:45like they just might get out
45:46from Underwatergate.
45:48There was just one last hurdle.
45:50Right, Patman.
45:51This is from that same meeting.
45:53What the first
45:54will be called
45:55when we have not even
45:57gotten the vote of this committee?
45:59The House Banking Committee meeting
46:00to decide on whether
46:01they'd get the subpoena vote
46:02was now a few weeks away.
46:04And if Wright Patman
46:05got that power,
46:06it would be
46:07a whole different ballgame.
46:09But there,
46:10in the Oval Office
46:10with his young counsel,
46:12Nixon felt he had
46:13a pretty good handle on it.
46:14Nice reading, Canada.
46:16Sit and worry yourself
46:17doing all the
46:18things.
46:18The worst may happen,
46:20but it may not happen.
46:21So you can just try
46:22to butt as well as you can
46:24and hope for the best.
46:32The president's men
46:33keep issuing general denials.
46:35They are depending upon that
46:37and silence
46:38to make the allegations go away.
46:45Wright Patman's House Banking Committee
46:46was made up of 21 Democrats
46:48and only 14 Republicans.
46:50So it should have been easy
46:51for Patman to get the votes
46:52he needed to get subpoena power.
46:54And once he got it,
46:55he could ask whomever he wanted
46:56whatever he wanted
46:57about what happened
46:58at Watergate
46:59under the threat
47:00of a perjury charge
47:01and jail time.
47:02At that time,
47:03the Democrats
47:04had a very substantial majority.
47:08And most of them
47:10would vote with the chairman.
47:12So it was pretty clear
47:13that we were going
47:14to get subpoena power.
47:15I was extremely hopeful.
47:19I thought for sure
47:20we'd get the vote.
47:21We continue to be ready
47:23to cooperate
47:23with the committee.
47:24We have had a policy
47:26and will continue
47:27to have a policy
47:27of full cooperation.
47:30But behind the scenes,
47:32Nixon knew
47:32what he was up against.
47:33He also knew
47:34that if he was going
47:35to have any chance
47:36of shutting Patman down,
47:37the first step
47:38was to make sure
47:39that all 14 Republicans
47:40voted against the subpoena.
47:45would be successful
47:48or not.
47:49Turn it off.
47:50I don't know.
47:50What about the boards?
47:52You can equally think
47:53that would be
47:55like your name
47:56and if the board
47:58can get the minority members
48:00and that would be very helpful.
48:02Gary, you've got to show
48:03that this is a big play.
48:06I'm getting to this.
48:08Yeah, I know.
48:09It comes from the top.
48:10Yeah.
48:10That's what he's got to know.
48:12I can't talk to myself
48:13that he's got to get out of this.
48:15And through this,
48:17they're not funny.
48:20When Nixon says Jerry,
48:21he's talking about Gerald Ford,
48:23then the House Minority Leader.
48:25Ford was about to make himself
48:27very useful to Nixon.
48:34Mousetrap,
48:35a game in which building
48:36the trap is half the fun.
48:39Mousetrap!
48:39The Mousetrap Game.
48:41It's from Ideal.
48:47Congressman Wright-Patman
48:48made another attempt today
48:49to investigate
48:49the Watergate affair.
48:51Hello, Mr. Pug.
48:52Mr. Chairman.
48:54Mr. Patman,
48:55the original resolution
48:56is about the Parliamentary.
48:57Hi.
48:58Public sessions
48:59of Chairman Wright-Patman's committee
49:00are often loud and boisterous.
49:02Today's was particularly so.
49:03on October 3rd.
49:05Chairman's over here.
49:07They're going down
49:07the senior members.
49:08They're voting.
49:09Yes.
49:10Yes.
49:11Yes.
49:11And we get to our first shot.
49:14And that was Richard Hanna,
49:16Democrat of California.
49:17He starts off
49:18blasting away
49:20about the inadequacy
49:22of the House Banking Committee.
49:23What are we doing
49:24going off on this?
49:25because everybody's head
49:27just went,
49:28what in the hell
49:29is going on?
49:30The knot begins
49:31in your stomach.
49:36And then some of the
49:37Southern Democrats
49:38came in behind him.
49:39We get to Frank Brasco,
49:41Democrat of New York.
49:43He said,
49:44no.
49:46And we lost.
49:48Now, frankly,
49:48Mr. Chairman,
49:49I'll support an investigation,
49:51but only at a proper time
49:52and under proper circumstances.
49:53I'll not support a witch hunt.
49:54Ford came through for Nixon
49:56and helped to get
49:58each and every Republican
49:59to vote his way.
50:00But what's more interesting
50:02is how some of the Democrats
50:03might have ended up
50:04voting Nixon's way as well.
50:06The day of the vote,
50:08Richard Hanna
50:09and Frank Brasco
50:11were having
50:13severe legal,
50:14if not criminal,
50:16problems.
50:17They were under indictment
50:19for bribery.
50:21I believe the Nixon people
50:23went to them
50:25and said,
50:26look,
50:26if you will vote
50:28to block the subpoena power,
50:30we will have the indictments
50:32dropped against both of you.
50:34That's a pretty significant offer.
50:40Whether we get to the bottom
50:42of this affair
50:42depends on the American people.
50:44if they want this matter
50:47investigated
50:47and if they want
50:50political espionage
50:51ended,
50:52it's up to them
50:53to demand it.
50:55That was the kick
50:56in the stomach.
50:57That absolutely
50:58was the kick
50:59in the stomach.
51:00I mean,
51:01I knew we were finished.
51:04Any meaningful investigation
51:06into what happened
51:07at Watergate
51:07before the election
51:08died with Patman
51:10not getting
51:10his subpoena power.
51:14But the fiery Texan
51:15did not go quietly.
51:17We actually held
51:19a hearing
51:19and invited
51:20Maurice Stanz,
51:22the Attorney General
51:23Mitchell
51:23and several others.
51:25Since we didn't have
51:27subpoena power,
51:28we couldn't force
51:29them to come.
51:30The hearings
51:31were supposed to begin
51:32at 10 a.m.,
51:33but the hour came
51:33and went
51:34without the witnesses
51:35or even a quorum.
51:36Republicans boycotted
51:38the meeting
51:38as did those
51:39invited to testify.
51:40And we had five
51:41empty chairs
51:42at the witness table.
51:44We had little
51:44nameplates for them
51:46and Patman fired
51:48questions at the
51:49empty chairs
51:50for about half an hour.
51:52I wonder if
51:53Ms. Stanz
51:53and Mr. Mitchell
51:54and Mr. McGregor
51:55are here.
51:56Are any of these
51:57persons in the room?
51:59If so,
51:59I'd ask them
52:00to speak up.
52:02President Nixon's
52:03campaigners
52:04are telling
52:04the American people
52:05they have no right
52:06to know
52:07and that their
52:08elected representatives
52:09in the Congress
52:10have no right
52:10to know.
52:11President Nixon
52:12has pulled down
52:13an iron curtain
52:14of secrecy
52:15to keep the
52:15American people
52:16from knowing
52:17the facts.
52:18President Nixon
52:19is responsible
52:20for those
52:21four empty chairs.
52:22He's responsible
52:23for their secrecy,
52:25for the elimination
52:26of the people's
52:27right to know.
52:28How far
52:29has this
52:29administration
52:30gone
52:30to put down
52:31and harass
52:33its enemies?
52:34It didn't get us
52:35anything but a lot
52:36of publicity.
52:38And this marks
52:39the failure
52:39of what is probably
52:40the last effort
52:41to get this Congress
52:42into the Watergate
52:43affair.
52:45I can't imagine
52:46how dejected
52:47Patman must have felt
52:48getting as close
52:49as he did
52:49to the truth
52:50only to be defeated
52:51at the final hour.
52:54But I bet
52:55he also found
52:56at least some comfort
52:57in knowing
52:57that the only reason
52:58the President
52:59of the United States
53:00used all that power
53:01against him
53:01to make sure
53:02that he failed
53:04was that he was right.
53:07Mr. Patman
53:08was sitting
53:09on the floor
53:09one day
53:11and I walked
53:12down and sat
53:13next to him
53:15and he said,
53:16Kurt, I want
53:16to apologize
53:17to you.
53:18I said,
53:19why is that,
53:19Mr. Chairman?
53:20He said,
53:21when you said
53:21that to Marie Stanz,
53:23I was a little
53:25bit upset.
53:26But you were right
53:29and I think
53:30you used
53:30the right language.
53:35I never had
53:36another conversation
53:37with him.
53:37He died shortly
53:38thereafter.
53:40But that was
53:42my pardon
53:43for my sin.
53:47Wright Patman
53:48lost
53:48and Richard Nixon
53:49won.
53:52And the President
53:53in the fall
53:54of 1972
53:55looked ahead
53:56to the election
53:57against the man
53:58he and everyone
53:58else in America
53:59knew he would beat.
54:01George McGovern.
54:09So think about this.
54:11The Watergate break-in
54:12occurred back
54:12in June of 1972,
54:14less than a month
54:15before the Democratic
54:16National Convention
54:16in Miami
54:17where McGovern's
54:18nomination was
54:19all but guaranteed.
54:21Which would suggest
54:22that the whole thing
54:23was totally unnecessary.
54:25Nobody actually
54:26needed to break
54:26into the DNC headquarters.
54:29But it's almost like
54:30Nixon couldn't
54:31help himself.
54:32It's almost like
54:33he got greedy.
54:35Ladies and gentlemen,
54:36the President
54:37of the United States.
54:46But I imagine
54:47that basking
54:47in the glow
54:48of his historic
54:48re-election,
54:49all that validation,
54:51all that power,
54:52any inkling of regret
54:54for this reckless mistake
54:55was far from his mind.
55:00Just a few months later,
55:01though,
55:02when he did begin
55:03to reckon with it,
55:04when he was forced to,
55:06he started going back
55:07to the beginning,
55:08trying to make sense
55:09of the story.
55:10What happened
55:11and why?
55:12It's all on
55:13Nixon's White House tapes.
55:15And it's pretty fascinating
55:16to hear him work through it.
55:18One afternoon,
55:19when it was clear
55:20things were not
55:20going his way,
55:21I was surprised
55:22to hear him bring up
55:23his old friend,
55:24J. Edgar Hoover.
55:38Hoover died in May of 72,
55:41and the Watergate break-in
55:42was the following month.
55:44And I think
55:44the coincidence
55:45of those two events
55:47is one of the,
55:48you know,
55:48sort of most
55:49under-recognized pieces
55:50of the Watergate story.
55:55He comes to regard
55:56Hoover's death
55:57as a tragedy
55:58and comes to mourn
56:00the fact
56:01that Hoover wasn't there
56:02by his side
56:03to help him
56:03through this scandal
56:04and comes to lament
56:06that Hoover would have
56:07been able to stop
56:08the leaks.
56:09Hoover never would have
56:10let this happen.
56:13America's pride
56:14has always been
56:16its people.
56:17A people of good men
56:19and women
56:20by the millions.
56:21And once in a long while
56:24of giants
56:25who stand head
56:27and shoulders
56:29above their countrymen,
56:31setting a high
56:32and noble standard
56:34for us all.
56:37J. Edgar Hoover
56:39was one of the giants.
56:41I think Nixon
56:42meant every word
56:43of the UOG
56:44he gave at Hoover's funeral.
56:45But while he gave
56:46no indication of it
56:47on that day,
56:48his mind was preoccupied
56:50with something besides
56:50the passing of his friend.
56:55There have been rumors
56:56that anti-war protesters
56:57might try and hijack
56:58the very public
56:59memorial service
57:00and make a mockery
57:01out of it.
57:04And so,
57:05to make sure
57:05that didn't happen,
57:06Gordon Liddy
57:07and E. Howard Hunt
57:08beefed up security
57:09with a handful
57:10of Cuban expats
57:11who had done some work
57:12with the CIA.
57:16The extra muscle
57:17kept the protesters
57:17at bay
57:18and Hoover's service
57:19went off without a hitch.
57:21And six weeks later,
57:23it was these same Cubans
57:24who were tasked
57:25with breaking into
57:25the Watergate.
57:26Eugenio Martinez,
57:28a Cuban leader
57:28of the anti-Castro movement,
57:30is one of four
57:30of the Miami men
57:31who were arrested
57:32at the Watergate.
57:33But since they seemed
57:34to be a world away
57:35from the president,
57:37linking what happened
57:38that night
57:38to the White House
57:39was going to take
57:40some convincing.
57:42Eugenio Martinez-Cicariaga
57:44y trabajé para
57:46el presidente
57:47de los Estados Unidos.
57:48making dreams
57:51reality
57:53more than ever
57:56Nixon now
57:57for you and me
58:01Nixon now
58:03Nixon now
58:05He's made the difference
58:09He's shut us out
58:11Nixon now
58:13Nixon now
58:14more than ever
58:15Nixon now
58:17Nixon now
58:19You
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