00:00This martes 15 de noviembre, the world population supera the 8.000 million people,
00:05a fact that already had been planned by the United Nations,
00:08an organization that considers that this hit should accelerate the actions
00:11to face the challenges that humanity has.
00:14The Secretary General of the ONU, Antonio Guterres,
00:17said that this historical fact is a record of our responsibility
00:21to protect our planet and a moment to reflect on the places
00:26in which we still don't agree with our mutual commitments.
00:30Asimismo, the Secretary General of the Department of Asuntos Económicos
00:33and Sociales of the ONU, Maria Francesca Spatolizano,
00:37considera that this is a moment to look at more than the meres figures
00:40and reflect on the impact of our growing family on the planet.
00:45Although superar the 8.000 million people represents a great achievement for humanity,
00:50as it is the result of the medical and social advances,
00:53it is also an effect that increases the current problems that we have,
00:56as it is the climate change, the poverty, the hunger and the inequality.
01:01The impact on the health of the planet is perhaps the biggest problem
01:05that has actually the humanity,
01:06because the climate change is cada vez more evident
01:09and the affections of the human activity
01:11over the ecosystems continue increasing.
01:13A higher number of inhabitants,
01:15mayor is the use of natural resources and asimismo,
01:18increase the emissions contaminants and the residues.
01:21Although the ONU recognizes that there is a link between the size of the population
01:24and the environmental deterioration,
01:26the organism insists that the increase of the rent per capita
01:30and the models of production and consumption
01:32are the most influential in the deterioration of the planet.
01:35For this, the United Nations remember that the countries that have more resources consume
01:40and that produce more emissions of gases of the invernment
01:43tend to be the more rich,
01:45while the countries that have more experienced the effects of climate change
01:48are those in the development of the population,
01:51where the population is growing at a large speed
01:53and not produce so many emissions of gases contaminants as in the first ones.
01:57The main responsibility, insiste the ONU,
02:00is that the countries are more advanced,
02:02that must ensure that the rest of the world receive the technical and financial aid necessary
02:07for that economies grow, using technologies less contaminants.
02:12One of the traditional fears of a world with more humans is the lack of food.
02:17In fact, the news of the 8.000 million inhabitants
02:19is just in a moment of crisis alimentary in several areas of the planet.
02:24The United Nations, however, insistent that the hunger problem has very little to do with the population,
02:30but is linked to other issues, like the effects of climate crisis or conflicts.
02:36In fact, the organization remembers that the production of food has increased
02:40during the last half of the century clearly above the population,
02:44so the problem is, according to the ONU, in the system of agricultural production
02:48that has been very harmful to the environment,
02:50and that is responsible for between the 20% and 30% of the emissions of the invernment.
02:55Therefore, the big challenge is to move forward to practices more sustainable,
02:59that preserve the biodiversity and strengthen the global warming.
03:02With the increase of the population, especially in countries with few resources,
03:07the struggle against poverty is one of the issues that complicate in this world of 8.000 million people.
03:12And according to the ONU, this problem radica in the increase of the inequality.
03:16With populations very young, regions like Africa Subsahariana will need, according to the ONU,
03:22a significant increase in the spending of the public spending to combat poverty.
03:26That demographic ofrece great opportunities for progress,
03:30whenever you invest adequately in the youth and young people,
03:34according to the organization.
03:35As long as the level of life and opportunities avanzan in those countries,
03:39the expectation is that there is a rapid increase in the natality,
03:42as has already happened in other regions.
03:45Aunque suene paradójico,
03:47otro de los problemas que afronta la humanidad es la distribución de la población,
03:51pues a pesar de que los humanos seguimos reproduciéndonos,
03:54hay muchos lugares en los que la población no aumenta,
03:57o si lo hace es gracias a los inmigrantes.
04:00De hecho, un 60% del mundo ya vive en países donde la tasa de fertilidad está por debajo del
04:06nivel de reemplazo.
04:07Apenas 8 países, como la República Democrática del Congo, Egipto, Etiopía, la India,
04:12concentrarán más de la mitad del crecimiento de la población que se espera para el 2050,
04:18cuando habría cerca de 9.700 millones de habitantes en el mundo.
04:22Según la ONU, los países en vía de desarrollo verán un crecimiento más acelerado de su población
04:27durante los siguientes años,
04:29mientras que el principal motor de crecimiento en países desarrollados será la migración.
04:33Por esto, Naciones Unidas considera que los gobiernos y ciudadanos tienen que entender
04:38que la migración va a ser inevitablemente una de las soluciones,
04:42tanto para la crisis de envejecimiento en muchos países,
04:45como para la situación de aquellos con una población especialmente joven.
04:52Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas,
04:57la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones
04:57Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la
04:57Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas,
04:57la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones
04:57Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas, la Naciones Unidas,
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