00:09O que é a U.S.?
00:30O que é a U.S.
01:00O que é a U.S.
01:30O que é o que é a U.S.
01:32O que é o que é o que é?
01:33O que é o que é o que é?
01:34O que é o U.S.
01:37Mas, eu não vou aceitar os ataques que estão nos sentidos.
01:42O que é o U.S.
01:44O que é?
01:45O que é?
01:46O que é?
01:47O que é?
01:48O que é?
01:49O que é?
01:50O que é?
01:51O que é?
01:51O que é?
01:52O que é?
02:03O que é?
02:06O que é?
02:07O que é?
02:07O que é?
02:08O que é?
02:08O que é?
02:09O que é?
02:11O que é?
02:20O que é?
02:21O que é?
02:22O que é?
02:24O que é?
02:26O que é?
02:26O que é?
02:27O que é?
02:27O que é?
02:29Ou o que é?
02:31O que é?
02:33O That's-o.
02:34Agora, o que é?
02:37O que, quando eu contém, foi todo loopsado sobre a governmentalidade,
02:41que o que é?
02:41O que o número de países não языque foi absolutamente carregou,
02:45que é sermos não ser usado para decimatelelirão.
02:48O que é?
02:49O que é?
02:57People talk about the unpredicted consequences of this conflict,
03:01but they were quite predictable, these conflicts.
03:03We know how much we rely on the Straits of Hormuz
03:05for commercial traffic and humanitarian traffic
03:08to so many of the places we serve.
03:10Somalia, which may go into greater levels of starvation
03:13because we can't get our supplies through the Straits.
03:17But we also knew the risks that Iran would basically
03:20take the conflict into Lebanon, across the Gulf.
03:24And what we're seeing is civilians and civilian infrastructure
03:28hit in all of these zones, these theatres of the conflict.
03:33How many people are internally displaced in Iran?
03:35Hundreds of thousands, we estimate.
03:37What's interesting at the moment is that they're not crossing the borders
03:40at the scale that we expected.
03:42So you've got a lot of instability in those countries of the region,
03:45and of course the economic crisis is driving up that movement of people.
03:49But we're not seeing the large numbers of Iranians cross the borders
03:53at this stage.
03:54And what we're understanding from the local authorities
03:56is that local communities are responding and taking people into their homes.
04:00But that's a situation we're watching very closely.
04:03What about a potential spillover of refugees coming to Europe, potentially,
04:07even though you're not seeing that now yet?
04:09I think we will.
04:10I think we will.
04:11Because this crisis can't be put neatly back into a box.
04:16Wars don't just end at frontiers, and actions have consequences.
04:20And we're in a period, globally right now, of reckless adventurism in so many places.
04:27And of course, civilians will be displaced by that.
04:31So how should you prepare for this?
04:32We've got to think about how we coexist between host communities
04:35and those arriving in our communities.
04:38Now, that will be politically very difficult.
04:40And the extremes in our politics will use these crises of people on the move
04:45to try and gain more support, to go for more populist, anti-migrant policies.
04:52But look, one way to help people find their own livelihoods and lives
04:57and get their kids to school, the things that we all want to do
05:00in their own communities, is to make sure we get support for them there.
05:03Then they won't choose to travel to other countries.
05:06And just on that point of people on the move,
05:08we've seen thousands internally displaced in Lebanon.
05:11What is the situation like there?
05:13Really grim.
05:14And my boss, the Secretary General, was in Lebanon at the end of last week.
05:18And I spent all weekend on the phone to our humanitarian team there.
05:21We were trying to get a convoy of support down to the south of Lebanon,
05:24which is taking a real smashing up at the moment.
05:27And we had to turn back because of the danger levels.
05:30We lost a colleague in Lebanon last week as well.
05:34So it's getting more and more dangerous for us to operate.
05:38And the needs are going up.
05:39We've got tens of thousands displaced,
05:42many of them people who were displaced already by previous conflicts.
05:46Yeah, we saw UN peacekeepers.
05:47They were shot at and wounded.
05:48We need that de-escalation by all sides right now.
05:52Our peacekeepers are there to try to keep the peace, literally.
05:56You know, that's what they're called.
05:57And they should always be protected.
06:00What we're hearing from the Israelis is that there could be
06:02a major ground offensive in the south of Lebanon.
06:04Do you fear that Lebanon could be the next Gaza?
06:08I do fear that.
06:09And in fact, I fear that because that's what we're hearing
06:11from some Israeli ministers right now who are speaking in increasingly belligerent language
06:16about what they plan to do to Lebanon.
06:19One really interesting development in the last couple of weeks
06:22is that for the first time, the Lebanese government themselves
06:25are calling for direct negotiations with Israel,
06:28which hasn't happened in the past.
06:31And so there's potential here to reset the relationship in the region.
06:36But the path for that is through dialogue and diplomacy
06:39and not through more brutal violence.
06:42And when the Israeli military say they are just targeting Hezbollah
06:45or the Iranian Revolutionary Guard, do you believe them?
06:47Well, that's what they're saying.
06:48But we're seeing massive damage to civilian areas as well.
06:52We're seeing a lot of damage to health care, for example.
06:57My colleagues on the ground were briefing me yesterday
06:58about the number of hospitals and clinics which have been hit in these attacks.
07:02So it's deeply troubling when you see that impact on civilian infrastructure.
07:09And as I say, schools, hospitals, these should be the first things
07:12that we're protecting in conflict.
07:14And from your context there on the ground, where are people moving towards?
07:17So many are moving up into Beirut.
07:20And we know there are large numbers of people sleeping rough now
07:23along the Beirut Corniche, along the seafront there.
07:27Some are going into Syria.
07:28And so some of the Syrian refugees are going back to Syria.
07:30But now you also have some Lebanese refugees now moving into Syria as well.
07:35And then many are moving up into the mountainous areas
07:38where they feel they are more safe.
07:41Because the reality is that Israel has issued these instructions
07:44to civilians to move from vast, vast areas of the country.
07:48So it doesn't leave very much space for them to seek refuge.
07:51You're in Brussels this week.
07:53What is the role of the European Union here?
07:54And fill us in on your talks with Kaya Callas and others.
07:56So the EU is one of our most principled, reliable donors of humanitarian aid.
08:02And, you know, this year we're looking to save 87 million lives globally.
08:07To do that, we're trying to raise $23 billion.
08:09Now that's less than 1% of what the world will spend this year
08:13on guns and arms and defence.
08:14It's that $23 billion is probably less than the US has already spent
08:18on this conflict in the last two and a half weeks.
08:21So I'm here to talk to the EU about how they can back that plan.
08:24I'm really encouraging news, announcements coming today
08:27about more European funding to that hyper-prioritised plan.
08:31Because meanwhile, your funding has been completely cut left, right and centre.
08:34How are you coping with that?
08:35Oh, it's really rough.
08:36If I was running a business and I'd lost half of my funding in a year,
08:40then I probably wouldn't be in my job.
08:42You know, it's been really hard because what we're trying to do
08:44is reform the system.
08:45And that's something we're doing because we believe in reform,
08:47not because it's forced on us.
08:49Trying to save as many lives as we can,
08:52but without any stability or guarantee of the money coming in.
08:56And so all the time, I'm in Afghanistan, I'm in South Sudan,
09:01I'm in Ukraine and Darfur,
09:04seeing projects that I know will close,
09:06meeting people who I know will die.
09:08You're just back from Gaza.
09:10Tell us more about the fragile ceasefire there.
09:12It is fragile.
09:14I went in about two and a half months ago,
09:16just after we got the ceasefire deal.
09:18And as a result of that ceasefire,
09:20we've hugely scaled up the effort.
09:22So we were doing 1.6 million hot meals every day, for example.
09:25We got a lot of shelter in.
09:27We did a big immunisation campaign for cholera.
09:29It wasn't enough.
09:30And kids still died of hypothermia over what was a brutal winter.
09:33But it was a big improvement.
09:35Now, since this resumption of this conflict across the Middle East,
09:39our access has been restricted again.
09:41There's only one crossing open.
09:43Kerem Shalom, Kerem Abu Salaam.
09:44So that means we get fewer trucks in,
09:47less aid, less food, less medicine, less water, less shelter.
09:50And tell us about Hamas' disarmament plans.
09:53Is that actually working?
09:55I think it was moving in the right direction.
09:57And we were seeing the appointment of a technocratic committee
10:00who were planning to go into Gaza
10:01and start to really run Gaza on that technocratic basis.
10:07But my concern at the moment is that that's all delayed
10:10by that wider escalation in the Middle East.
10:13We need to get back towards the two-state solution.
10:16And we need Israeli and Palestinian leadership
10:19that's committed to security, justice,
10:21and opportunity for Palestinians and Israelis.
10:24What about the situation in the West Bank?
10:25Did you visit the West Bank?
10:27We saw this week a family of six Palestinians went out for the day
10:30and only two came home.
10:31I worry that this is one of the other issues that's slipping down the agenda
10:34while we're all thinking about Iran, the Straits of Hormuz and so on.
10:39You have very deliberate attacks from extremist settler groups at the moment
10:44against civilians across the West Bank.
10:48So we need the world to pay much more attention to what's going on there
10:51and to call for protection of civilians
10:53and accountability for those carrying out the attacks.
10:56And just a final reflection perhaps, do you have any hope for the Middle East?
10:59I have to have hope.
11:01You know, a famous peacemaker, George Mitchell, said
11:05diplomacy is 799 days of failure and one day of success.
11:08So every day I wake up to probably the most horrible inbox in the world
11:13and my colleagues are going out there risking their lives every day to save lives.
11:18But I get to meet the civilians that we support across the Middle East.
11:22I get to hear their stories.
11:23I get to meet people who are surviving because of that humanitarian support.
11:28And that has to bring you hope.
11:29And ultimately, I'm an optimist about humans.
11:32I think we have these two competing instincts,
11:34one to fight for resource, and we're doing a lot of that right now.
11:37And those people are shouting pretty loudly.
11:39But another more important one, which is to work together
11:41as communities for that resource.
11:43And I believe ultimately that is the more powerful instinct that we have.
11:47And as long as I believe that, then I'll have hope.
11:50Thank you so much, Tom Fletcher, for being with us here on Euronews.
11:53Thank you.
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