00:00Tapanuli Orangutan
00:01The Tapanuli Orangutan is the third orangutan species in the world.
00:06It is considered extremely rare, as only three orangutan species exist globally.
00:12This species lives at elevations of approximately 300 to 1,300 meters above sea level,
00:18and its natural habitat is limited exclusively to the Batang Toru Forest in North Sumatra, Indonesia.
00:24The name Tapanuli Orangutan refers to the Tapanuli region of North Sumatra, where this species is found.
00:32Physically, the Tapanuli Orangutan differs from the other two species in its skull structure, dental formation and jaw shape.
00:40Its hair is curlier and denser, and its overall body size is relatively smaller.
00:46Although the existence of this orangutan had been reported as early as 1939,
00:50it was only officially recognized as a distinct species in 2017.
00:56This conclusion was reached after extensive genetic research using samples collected since 1997 from the Batang Toru Forest region.
01:04New Green Anaconda
01:06This Amazon-native species had long been known to local communities and some researchers,
01:11but it was only officially recognized in 2024, after scientists identified significant genetic differences
01:17from the Green Anaconda species previously known to science.
01:22Genetically, the New Green Anaconda differs by about 5-6%,
01:26a remarkably large divergence for a giant snake.
01:30In terms of physical appearance, it is similar in size to, and potentially even larger than,
01:36the classic Green Anaconda.
01:38Its coloration and head shape appear very similar,
01:42making it difficult to distinguish with the naked eye alone.
01:46The species is distributed across Venezuela, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, and northern Brazil.
01:53Large individuals can exceed 6 meters in length,
01:56with females generally growing larger than males.
01:59Lesula Monkey
02:00The Lesula Monkey was discovered in the rainforests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
02:06specifically in a remote region between the Lomami and Chwapa Rivers.
02:10This area consists of lowland rainforest that has rarely been explored by researchers.
02:15The discovery of this animal is especially unique.
02:19In 2007, the monkey was first known to scientists not through direct observation in the wild,
02:25but from photographs of an individual kept as a pet by local residents.
02:29The images immediately seemed unusual to researchers,
02:32as the animal appeared unfamiliar to zoological experts.
02:36After further study, the Lesula Monkey was officially recognized as a new species in 2012.
02:43Physically, the Lesula Monkey has a plain face without the bright facial masks seen in many other monkeys.
02:49It has large eyes with a gentle expression and grayish-brown fur with a yellowish mane.
02:54Its appearance clearly distinguishes it from other African monkeys,
02:58which typically display more contrasting facial patterns.
03:02Scaly Foot Snail
03:03The Scaly Foot Snail is found at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ocean,
03:09at depths of approximately 2,400 to 2,800 meters.
03:13This environment is extremely harsh, completely dark, under intense pressure, and rich in heavy metal compounds.
03:21The species was first discovered during a deep-sea expedition studying hydrothermal vent ecosystems in 2010,
03:28but it was only officially recognized in 2015 as a unique species.
03:32The snail's foot is covered in hard, scale-like structures containing iron sulfide,
03:38making it the only known animal that uses metal as part of its body armor.
03:42Its shell also contains iron minerals,
03:45forming a defensive system well-suited for survival at depths exceeding 2,000 meters.
03:50Zombie Frog
03:51Synaptoranus zombie was discovered in 2021 by Raphael Ernst, a German herpetologist.
03:58This frog earned the name zombie because it is rarely seen on the surface
04:03and appears to rise from underground during heavy rains or the breeding season.
04:07It belongs to the family microhillidae and has a very unusual appearance.
04:12Its body is round and compact, giving it an almost strange or awkward look.
04:18The frog also has a pointed snout and a narrow mouth.
04:22Its natural habitat is the Amazon rainforest,
04:25and it can also be found in parts of Guyana, Suriname, and Brazil,
04:30although in much smaller populations.
04:32Blue-Eyed Black Lemur
04:34Extraordinary may be the most fitting word to describe this animal.
04:39Its striking blue eyes, combined with jet-black fur in males
04:43and reddish-brown fur in females,
04:45clearly set it apart from all other lemur species.
04:48This lemur lives in social groups,
04:50with an estimated population of fewer than 1,000 individuals,
04:55placing it in the critically endangered category.
04:58At first, it was assumed to be merely a color variation of another lemur species.
05:04However, after more in-depth genetic and physical studies,
05:07it was officially recognized as a distinct species in 2008.
05:12The blue-eyed black lemur is found in northwestern Madagascar,
05:15specifically in forest areas between the Andronomalaza River
05:18and the Maia Verona River.
05:21Its habitat consists of rainforest and dry forest,
05:24both of which are now highly fragmented.
05:27Peacock Spider
05:28Visually, this spider is strikingly beautiful,
05:32with vivid colors and intricate patterns on its abdomen
05:34that are often said to resemble the tail of a peacock.
05:38Its most iconic behavior appears during the mating season,
05:41when the male performs precise visual dances
05:43and body vibrations to attract the female.
05:45Although this spider was first discovered as early as 1878,
05:51it was only scientifically recognized between 2011 and the early 2020s,
05:56following the identification of many new species,
05:59bringing the total to around 90 known species.
06:02Peacock Spiders are found in Australia,
06:05particularly in Western Australia,
06:07South Australia,
06:08Queensland,
06:09and New South Wales.
06:10Their habitats include shrublands,
06:13dry grasslands,
06:14and open forests with low vegetation.
06:17Walking Shark
06:18Walking sharks are a group of small sharks
06:21capable of walking along the seafloor,
06:23using their pectoral fins,
06:25almost as if they had legs.
06:27These sharks are found in shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific region,
06:31particularly around West Papua,
06:33Papua New Guinea,
06:34and Northern Australia.
06:36Although walking sharks have long been known
06:38to local communities and divers,
06:40scientists considered them a single species for many years.
06:44It was not until the early 2000s through the 2010s
06:47that detailed studies of body coloration,
06:50fin structure,
06:51and DNA analysis
06:52revealed that walking sharks
06:54actually consist of multiple distinct species
06:56previously unrecognized.
06:59Physically,
07:00walking sharks are small and slender,
07:02with distinctive patterns of spots and stripes.
07:04They are also capable of surviving in low-oxygen waters
07:08and can even walk across shallow pools of water
07:11during low tide.
07:13Scientific recognition of several walking shark species
07:16occurred between 2013 and 2019.
07:20Despite their hardy and unique appearance and behavior,
07:23walking sharks are threatened by coral reef degradation,
07:26accidental bycatch,
07:27and climate change.
07:28Thank you very much.
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