00:00drones everyone wants to build and play with them but the problem is cost with its electronic speed
00:14controller the BLDC motor the flight controller the battery the transmitter and receiver a simple
00:20drone like this would cost somewhere around 6,000 rupees to build one the idea of this project is
00:26to build a low-cost drone like this one which has cost somewhere around thousand rupees to build
00:31the drone uses ESP 32 as its flight controller and can be controlled from a mobile phone using Wi-Fi
00:38so first let me show you how this thing flies
00:56not bad for a thousand rupees drone right so before we get any further let me tell you that we have put
01:08a lot of hard work to bring this project to you so subscribe to this channel would be awesome
01:13that being said let's roll the intro okay now let's start by taking a closer look at our drone
01:23the first thing you'll be able to notice is that our drone doesn't have any frame per se so the PCB
01:30that we have used here itself acts like a frame so this is the actual PCB and you can compare the
01:37circuitry on top over here so this is the same PCB these extra pieces over here are used as a landing
01:44here you can see that we have broken these extra pieces and we have soldered it over here for the
01:49motors to act as a landing base speaking of motors we have four motors this is the forward direction
01:56so this is the 720 coreless BLDC motor all four of them and we have used a 50 55 mm propeller for each
02:05of these motors so apart from this you can also notice that there is no transmitter or receiver in
02:11our drone that is because the ESP 32 itself has Wi-Fi connectivity so we have an Android app which connects to
02:18the drone through Wi-Fi to be specific using the access point of the ESP 32 and with that we'll be
02:25able to control our drone now to get a better understanding let me show this image where I
02:31have marked all the different parts that we have explained earlier this should come in handy when
02:36you're building it on your own okay now let's look at the circuit diagram for our drone over here
02:41this is the complete circuit for our ESP 32 drone let's start from the top left corner so what we
02:48have here is a simple type C USB which is used for charging our battery as well as to program and you
02:56can see we have used a p-channel MOSFET for reverse polarity protection and a voltage regulator IC which
03:02gives 3.3 volt which powers our ESP 32 microcontroller moving on we have one more important IC which I
03:09previously forgot to mention which is the TP 4056 you can see it on our board over here so this is
03:15used for charging our lipo battery so when you connect your power to the USB-C this IC regulates the
03:22voltage and make sure our battery is not being overcharged or over discharged moving on we have
03:29a potential divider or a voltage divider circuit which is used for measuring the voltage level of
03:34the battery so it's connected to the ADC pin of ESP 32 this way we can know if the battery is
03:39over discharged and we will stop flying the ESP 32 itself will stop flying when the voltage is below
03:46a threshold value and then we have a simple on-off circuit and moving forward some expansion connector
03:52down here we have the most important sensor on our board which is the MPU 6050 it's called the IMU
03:59an inertia measurement unit or an accelerometer or gyroscope it basically measures the position
04:05of the drone and informs the ESP 32 that this is the position of the drone and moving on we have the
04:11most important controller which is the ESP 32 and you can see all the sensors the IMU unit communicates
04:19using SEL and SDA it's also connected to the SEL and SDA of our ESP 32 so using the labels we have
04:26connected everything the motors the sensors everything to the ESP 32 you can see motor 1 here
04:31motor 2 motor 3 similarly we have all the status indicator LEDs everything connected to our ESP 32
04:38using the labels moving on we have the CP 2102 IC which you can see on the board over here so this IC
04:47is used for programming as well as debugging if you want to do serial communication and read what's
04:52happening inside ESP 32 this IC comes into play moving on we have four similar circuits which are
04:59for these four motors each of these is a motor driver IC using a MOSFET so basically the ESP 32 generates a
05:07PWM signal which is given to the MOSFET and based on the duty cycle of the PWM signal we will be able to
05:13control the speed of the motors and that is it we just have three more status LED LEDs over here so for
05:19a ESP 32 drone you might expect the circuit to be complicated but the circuit diagram is very very
05:25simple and easy to build so if you already know how to build a PCB you can directly use this circuit
05:31diagram and build it on your own or you can directly head over to our website link for the same can be
05:37found at the description and here you can find all the details including the total cost for building
05:42the project the circuit diagram the 3d model the procedure on how to upload the ESP 32 firmware onto
05:50our drone and if you come all the way to the bottom you will find the supporting files where you can
05:55find the Gerber file for this PCB the BOM everything that you would need to build this PCB on your own
06:01can be found on our website okay now full disclaimer here the firmware for this project was taken from
06:06esprif so yeah thanks to them now that we have our ESP 32 drone with the code uploaded on it all you have
06:13to do is just place the drone on a level surface the red blades should point forward power it on and wait
06:21for the drone to test run all its four motors then install the ESP drone app on your smartphone connect
06:28to the ESP 32 access point press the connect button and start flying
06:46well yeah that happened so turns out we have to do a little bit of calibration on our mobile
07:02application side before we start flying okay so first thing you should understand is this is your
07:07thrust and yaw and this is your pitch and roll so when you start flying your drone in the very beginning
07:15whenever you give a thrust you will notice that your drone goes in the left or in the right or in
07:20the front and it doesn't go vertically on top so what you have to do is you have to get into settings
07:26and under flight control settings make sure you're in mode 2 and then leave dead zone you have to focus
07:33on this roll trim and pitch trim if your drone is moving too much to the left you might want to bring
07:40it to the right and if it is moving too much to the right you might want to bring it to the left
07:44and similarly for the pitch if it is going too much in the front you might want to move it to the left
07:49and if it going too much in the back you might want to move to the right so play around with this
07:54by default the values will be 0 and 0 but this didn't work for us we had to tweak it and if you're
08:00building it your values and my values might also be different so spend some time here and tweak it that
08:06is the first problem the second problem was with the lipo battery make sure you're not using a small
08:13battery like this one this one doesn't work use a bigger battery at least a 30c battery works very
08:19well now that we know what the problem is and we have rectified everything let's get back to the ground
08:26and try flying it
08:56i hope you enjoyed watching this video if you have any questions do leave them in the comment section
09:21below and i'll try my best answering them with that this is ashwant signing off have a good day tata bye
09:28bye bye now where is the drone let me go flight
