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Transcript

00:00If you place a bowl of ice in your room, as the ice melts, it continuously absorbs heat from its surroundings, cooling the air around it.

00:07That's actually the basic principle of air conditioning, but relying on melting ice alone, far too slow.

00:13So you get clever, you bring in a fan and blow air over the ice.

00:16The airflow speeds up the melting, and sure enough the room feels noticeably cooler.

00:21But there's a problem, the ice always melts away, replacing it over and over is a hassle.

00:25Then inspiration strikes, why not replace the ice with something better, Freon.

00:30Freon is a gas at room temperature, but when compressed into a high pressure tank, it becomes a liquid.

00:36To make the system run continuously, you design a closed copper tube circuit, and fill it with Freon.

00:41Now the heart of refrigeration is born.

00:44When liquid Freon flows through the indoor copper coils, the pressure drops.

00:48It quickly evaporates, absorbing large amounts of heat from the air inside, cooling the room in the process.

00:53The now gaseous Freon, carrying that heat, flows outdoors.

00:58That's how heat is transported out.

01:00But for Freon to be reused, you'll need to do more.

01:03So you install a compressor in the outdoor unit.

01:05As the gaseous Freon passes through, it's heavily compressed, causing its temperature to rise, up to 80 degree or more.

01:12To cool it back down, you run it through a coil condenser with a fan, where it releases heat into the open air, and condenses back into a liquid.

01:19It then flows back indoors, but it's still a bit too warm.

01:22So you add an expansion valve to the indoor coils.

01:25As the high pressure liquid passes through, its pressure suddenly drops, and its temperature plummets.

01:30Now, it's ready to flow again through the loop.

01:33Starting a new cycle of cooling.

01:34To spread the cold air faster, you attach a fan near the indoor coils.

01:38And for precise control, you install a thermostatic sensor near the expansion valve, to regulate the temperature automatically.

01:44Finally, you combine the entire setup into one indoor unit and one outdoor unit, connected by those copper tubes.

01:51Congratulations!

01:52You've just invented the air conditioner.

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