00:00While the American government makes an expulsion against immigrants,
00:08the European Union makes the struggle against the irregular immigration.
00:14However, everywhere, the tone is dull.
00:17Contre the paper, Spain makes an exception.
00:24The Spanish government wants to regulate more than one million migrants
00:28after three years.
00:29For Madrid, it's one of the potential levies of the growth of the growth
00:33in the context of demographic decline in Europe.
00:51In 2027, more than one million immigrants could be regularized in Spain.
00:56A government reform, entered in vigueur in May 2025,
00:59prevails to legalize 300.000 people per year
01:02for three years.
01:03In parallel, a proposed law vise to regularize 470.000 sans-papiers
01:09arrive before December 2024.
01:11It must still be debated at the Spanish Parliament.
01:14The main goal is to support the economic growth
01:17and the retirement rate of the country.
01:19The migrants represent 13,5% of the Spanish population active
01:23and 40% of the new jobs in 2024,
01:26including in the construction, agriculture or health.
01:29The new politics of Madrid
01:31vise at pallier the pénurie of main-d'oeuvre
01:33and the demographic vieillissement.
01:35A reality that touches all the European Union
01:38where the active population baisse
01:39of 1 million people per year.
01:41The workers étrangers have occupied two-thirds
01:43of new jobs between 2019 and 2023.
01:46On estime, by ailleurs,
01:47that the Union
01:48includes 2,6 million to 3,2 million
01:51of irregular migrants.
01:52The Spanish model contrast
01:55with the European Pacte Migratoire
01:57European,
01:58axed on the return and the control of the border.
02:00My name is Jessica Lorena Flechas.
02:14I have 31 years old.
02:16And I come from Colombia.
02:20Lorena arrived in Spain in March last
02:22with her husband and their little girl, Sol.
02:25The couple loue a room
02:27in this apartment
02:28from the periphery of Madrid.
02:34In my country,
02:35in this moment,
02:36there was a lot of war,
02:38attacks, bombs,
02:40sequestries.
02:42So I said,
02:43I can't have my daughter,
02:46my family in this.
02:48The first option I had
02:50was the American dream.
02:52It was the United States.
02:54They told me that
02:55with the salary that I gained,
02:57I couldn't get a visa.
02:59I also wanted to go
03:01to the border,
03:02but I didn't want to put
03:04the risk of my daughter's life.
03:07The young woman
03:08and her husband
03:09and her husband
03:10had a job
03:11to get a visa permit
03:12and the right
03:13to work in Spain.
03:14I came to Spain
03:16looking for a better life
03:17for my family.
03:18My child is very small
03:20and still has the opportunity
03:21to assist
03:23to a good education,
03:24to promote.
03:25And now,
03:27I'm waiting for a baby.
03:28The young woman
03:29wants to grow
03:31with all the comfort
03:33that she wants.
03:35Lorena and her husband
03:37dream of
03:38a day
03:39to buy her own house.
03:41I have a lot of faith,
03:43a lot of faith,
03:44that this dream
03:45is not in vain
03:46and that we're going
03:47to go ahead.
03:48In the meantime,
03:49the family of Lorena
03:50lives from the small
03:52job that her husband
03:53finds and the help of
03:54the AESCO
03:55who supports
03:56the immigrants
03:57so materially
03:58and in their
03:59regularization.
04:00I'm going to continue
04:01receiving many
04:02help
04:03to be able
04:04to legalize.
04:06With this birth
04:07of the baby,
04:08you can contemplate
04:09the option
04:10that she has
04:11the nationality
04:12and the family unit
04:13may be able
04:14to regulate
04:15their administrative situation.
04:17The majority
04:18of the benefits
04:19of the AESCO
04:20come from Latin America.
04:21The training
04:22such as this
04:23training
04:24is also offered
04:25to immigrants
04:26who have
04:27an authorization
04:28to stay.
04:29A process
04:30that can take years
04:31to the representative
04:32of the association
04:33for whom
04:34the governmental
04:35massive
04:36is a need.
04:38It is necessary
04:39for many people
04:40to get out
04:41of that
04:42submerged economy.
04:43What we are
04:45estimating
04:46is that 5
04:47or 6
04:48of every 10 people
04:49who come from
04:50Hispano-America
04:51come with a
04:52titillation
04:53of work
04:54for areas
04:55where the European
04:56labor market
04:57needs.
04:58Lorena
04:59dream to be able
05:00to be able
05:01to perform
05:02again
05:03as her sister
05:04representative
05:05medical
05:06Yancy
05:07arrived in December
05:08with her mother,
05:09her children
05:10and her other
05:11sister.
05:12She has joined
05:13her husband
05:14installed in Madrid
05:15for 2 years.
05:16an identification
05:17card
05:18which allows us
05:19to work.
05:20The most
05:21I want
05:22to receive
05:23that call
05:25from a company
05:26that tells us
05:27that you can start
05:28to work
05:29and that
05:30translates
05:31to a better
05:32quality of life.
05:33The goal
05:34is to bring
05:35a society
05:36that has opened
05:37the doors
05:38and the heart
05:39in a way
05:40we didn't imagine.
05:41What are
05:43the challenges
05:44of the massive
05:45immigration
05:46project
05:47of immigrants
05:48in Spain?
05:49Claudia Finotelli
05:50expert
05:51in migrating questions.
05:52In Spain,
05:53there have been
05:545,2 million
05:56jobs
05:57since 2022
06:00until 2024.
06:02The 75%
06:04are covered
06:05by people
06:06with double
06:07nationality
06:08of foreign
06:09immigrants.
06:10In second,
06:11the immigration
06:12can ralentize
06:13the demographic decline.
06:14In third,
06:15although the
06:16regularizations
06:17do not solve
06:18the irregular
06:19immigration
06:20at all,
06:21they can ralentize
06:22the levels
06:23of irregularity.
06:24Spain,
06:25since 2009,
06:26has a
06:27regularization
06:28individual
06:29that has allowed
06:30the regularization
06:31of a million
06:32people.
06:33The
06:34regularization
06:35of 2005
06:36allowed
06:37an increase
06:38of 4.000
06:41euros
06:42per
06:43migrant
06:44regularized.
06:45The Spanish
06:46model is
06:47in sharp contrast
06:48with the
06:49European strategy
06:50focused a lot
06:51on deportation.
06:52Can it be a model?
06:53Se han
06:54tomado medidas
06:55de regularización
06:56similares
06:57en efectos
06:58en varios países
06:59europeos.
07:00Hablo de la regularización
07:01individual
07:02en España
07:03y en Portugal,
07:04viene del decreto
07:05de flujos
07:06de Giorgio Meloni
07:07que permite,
07:08de facto,
07:09la regularización
07:10de 450.000
07:11personas en el territorio
07:12o la transición
07:14desde la suspensión
07:15de la deportación
07:16a la regularización
07:18de jure de facto
07:19de refugiados
07:20en Alemania.
07:21El Banco Central Europeo
07:23dice claramente
07:24que la Unión Europea
07:25tiene demanda
07:26de mano de obra.
07:27El 50%
07:28de las ocupaciones
07:30creadas
07:32en los últimos años
07:33han sido creadas
07:34gracias
07:35a la aportación
07:36de los migrantes.
07:37de los migrantes
07:38es un motor
07:39crucial
07:40para el crecimiento
07:43del mercado laboral
07:44y para el crecimiento
07:45económico
07:46en un momento
07:47de declive demográfico
07:48y a 15 años
07:50de que los baby boomers
07:51se jubilen.
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