00:00the knee joint is made of four main ligaments the anterior cruciate ligament known as the ACL
00:10the posterior cruciate ligament known as the PCL the medial collateral ligament known as the MCL
00:18and the lateral collateral ligament known as the LCL the ACL and PCL cross each other like an X
00:25and they bind each other like ropes on the inside of the knee joint to form the back and forth motion
00:31of the knee the MCL is on the inner side of the knee and it connects the femur to the tibia and
00:39the LCL is on the outer side of the knee and it connects the femur to the fibula the MCL prevents
00:46the knee from deviating inwards and the LCL prevents the knee from deviating outwards due to rugby being
00:54a high contact sport an injury to the knee is highly likely due to a direct blow or collision
01:00ACLs and PCLs can also be damaged due to feet getting stuck in the pitch or usual mechanisms such
01:07as twisting sharply or unexpected loading of the knee symptoms of any ligament damage in the knee will
01:16include pain swelling bruising and inability to weight bear there's three grades of ligament injury
01:23with a grade one injury the ligaments are mildly damaged and slightly stretched but are still able
01:29to keep the joint stable with a grade two ligament injury the ligaments are stretched to the point
01:35that the joints become loose and this is often referred to as a partial tear of the ligament
01:41grade three ligament damage means that there has been a complete tear or that the ligament has been
01:48pulled completely off the bone in this case the knee joint is completely unstable with the collateral
01:54ligaments the MCLs are injured more often than the LCLs and with the cruciate ligaments the ACL
02:01are injured more often than the PCLs non-surgical management involves bracing of the knee taking
02:08anti-inflammatory medication and using rest ice compression and elevation but with grade three and
02:15some grade two tears you might need surgery to repair the ligament
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