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Documentary, Walking with Dinosaurs Episode 6 - Death of a Dynasty
#WalkingwithDinosaurs #Documentary #Dinosaurs
#WalkingwithDinosaurs #Documentary #Dinosaurs
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AnimalsTranscript
00:00This is a production of WGBH.
00:30This little mammal is a scavenger.
00:42Called Didelphodon, she is a marsupial
00:45and specializes in raiding abandoned dinosaur nests.
00:50This evening, she could be in luck.
01:00Unfortunately, the smell of the nest blinds her senses to danger.
01:30It is the end of the Cretaceous period,
01:48and the continents are taking on their modern forms.
01:52But this ceaseless movement of the Earth's crust
01:55has also produced a surge in volcanic activity across the globe.
02:00Massive eruptions that have lasted for centuries
02:08have laid waste to landscapes
02:10and filled the atmosphere with poisonous gases and debris.
02:15This desolate world is still ruled by dinosaurs,
02:18as it has been for 160 million years,
02:21but they are nearing the end of their reign.
02:24Life on Earth is choking to death.
02:30Yet in the last two million years,
02:39the dinosaur's most infamous predator has appeared.
02:44Tyrannosaurus, a five-ton, 13-metre-long carnivore,
02:48specifically evolved to kill other giant dinosaurs.
02:52This is a male, and he's been drawn to the foot of this volcano
02:58by the smell of food.
03:03The area is full of geothermal springs,
03:06and the air is thick with sulfurous fumes,
03:09but there is another smell mixed in here.
03:12In one small valley, there is the stench of death.
03:16Unwittingly, the Tyrannosaurus has been drawn into a natural trap.
03:29Volcanic vents here are producing poisonous carbon monoxide,
03:33and because it is heavier than air,
03:35it has formed a suffocating layer close to the ground.
03:37The giant predator stands above the layer,
03:45but as he puts his head down to feed on one of the corpses,
03:49he begins to feel the effects of the gas himself.
03:52If he topples over now, he will never get up.
04:16Eventually, his sheer size is his salvation.
04:18As he stands up with his prize,
04:21his head just clears the gas layer.
04:35There are still islands of greenery
04:38between the barren lava flows.
04:40In the warm, moist climate of the late Cretaceous period,
04:44the vegetation has transformed.
04:46Instead of conifers,
04:50broad-leaved trees fill the forest canopy.
04:55Driving this quiet revolution among the plants
04:58is the remarkable evolution of flowers.
05:02Their secret lies in their intimate relationship with insects.
05:06This is now so close that some flowers
05:09can only be pollinated by insects,
05:10and some insects, like the butterfly,
05:13can only feed on flowers.
05:15And among these new plants,
05:23the birds are flourishing,
05:25and their calls now form an ever-present chorus.
05:36Millions of years of evolution
05:37have also created intimate relationships
05:40among different types of dinosaurs,
05:41especially the delicate balance between predator and prey.
05:46and pray.
06:16One dinosaur that specializes in defense is the extraordinary Ankylosaurus.
06:32They are evolved to withstand attack even from giant predators like Tyrannosaurus.
06:38At seven tons, Ankylosaurus are so heavily armored that even their eyelids are hardened.
06:46And if that wasn't enough, they have a formidable club on the end of their tails.
06:57But sadly, not even these magnificent creatures have any defense against the natural forces
07:04that are suffocating their world.
07:16Nearby lies the Tyrannosaurus nest.
07:20These are usually closely guarded by a protective mother.
07:24But this nest has now been abandoned, and a Didelphodon has managed to burrow into the side.
07:33Dinosaurs are vulnerable to these mammals because they all lay their eggs on the ground.
07:38But size helps, and a Tyrannosaurus egg is a challenge for this marsupial.
07:45Soon the age of the mammals will dawn, and they will grow to massive sizes.
07:50But at ten kilograms, this is about as big as Cretaceous mammals get.
07:57The Tyrannosaurus embryo inside the abandoned egg is already dead.
08:05The scent is a lure to another Didelphodon.
08:09Many dinosaur embryos are not surviving in this volcanic environment.
08:38because acidic pollution is preventing their eggshells from forming properly.
08:54The mother is calling for a new mate.
08:58Tyrannosaurus have huge territories of hundreds of square kilometers.
09:02Her challenge is to attract a wandering male.
09:05She may have to call like this for weeks.
09:09No!
09:11One of the Tyrannosaurus's principal sources of prey are these bulky Taurosaurus.
09:20In the late Cretaceous, herds of horned herbivores like these are very common and attract many predators.
09:39It is rutting season, and to display, the males flush blood into their crests, creating vivid patterns.
09:54These displays are designed to avoid physical contact.
09:59With one meter long horns, fighting can easily result in bad injuries.
10:04The best and the brightest display crest is usually all that is needed to settle arguments.
10:09The best and the best and the best and the best and the best and the best and the best and the best.
10:19Occasionally, showing off is not enough, and males resort to brute force.
10:25of pushed force.
10:35.
10:44For this old Taurosaurus, this was one fight too many.
10:58He will never again challenge for the right to mate.
11:01The mating call of the Tyrannosaurus continues to echo across the volcanic slopes.
11:18And it has been heard.
11:20A male Tyrannosaurus has brought down a young Triceratops.
11:24But it is not just to satisfy his hunger, it is a gift.
11:28Female Tyrannosaurus are larger and more aggressive than the males.
11:32And he needs to court her with food to stop her attacking him on sight.
11:55The female arrives.
11:57She is wary.
12:10The primary weapon of a Tyrannosaurus is its mouth.
12:15Its arms are tiny, so it can carry a massive jaw and remain balanced on its legs.
12:21This jaw can crush bone and tear off up to 70 kilograms of meat with one bite.
12:31Later that evening, they mate.
12:32This is the first of many couplings.
12:40As the male stays by the female while she is receptive.
12:41The male stays by the female while she is receptive.
12:42Ready to see off any other males that might appear.
12:43The female is the male stays by the female.
12:44The female stays by the female while she is receptive.
12:52This is the first of many couplings as the male stays by the female while she is receptive
12:58Ready to see off any other males that might appear
13:00Out on the lava flows a group of a natter titan wanders between islands of greenery
13:30These animals are members of the Hadrosaur family, the most common group of dinosaurs in the late Cretaceous
13:40But their kind has evolved to thrive in lush lowland swamps, not in an ash wilderness
13:46Three days have passed, the Triceratops carcass has been stripped
14:02And the female Tyrannosaurus is beginning to tire of her mate
14:08The male knows better than to stay
14:38Gliding in from the coast, a magnificent pterosaur, Quetzalcoatlus, is hunting for food
14:57This is now a rare sight
15:00For the last 20 million years, these flying reptiles have been in decline
15:17Now these 13 meter giants are the only ones left
15:21And this is a dangerous place to be
15:25One tonne crocodiles live in the lake
15:29And one could easily drag the delicate glider to his death
15:32Driven on to extinction
15:53The skies of the future belong to the birds that already flourish around him
15:59Months have passed
16:06And the female Tyrannosaurus has built a new nest, camouflaged in the forest
16:11Mother keeps watch
16:15For the full two months of the egg's incubation
16:19She will not leave her station
16:21Or even eat
16:22She knows her nest is a magnet to scavengers
16:25Like this dromaosaur
16:29His cautious approach is watched by the Tyrannosaurus
16:42She judges exactly when he has got too close
16:47As the sun sets, another threat comes out to haunt the mother
17:04With food becoming scarce, the mammals are getting bolder
17:27She checks the nest to make sure that more have not burrowed in
17:32And then returns to her vigil
17:34The weeks pass
17:45And above the brilliant volcanic sunsets
17:48There are the telltale warning signs of an even more destructive natural disaster
17:53Showers of shooting stars herald the approach
17:57Of a giant comet
17:58On a collision course with the Earth
18:01Far below, the dinosaurs are oblivious
18:10The Taurosaurus herd continues to feed
18:14Nervous of moonlight predators
18:16Younger animals seek protection among the larger adults
18:20However, using the darkness
18:25A pair of dromaosaurs try to unsettle the herd
18:28And isolate one of the youngsters
18:30SHARES
18:31MIRSCRIPT
18:32MIRiği
18:35MIRiği
18:36MIRiği
18:38MIRiği
18:40MIR 아
18:40MIRiği
18:41MIRku
18:42MIR oyster
18:43MIRiği
18:44MIRGH の
18:45MERE
18:45MIRGH
18:46MIRBUH
18:48MIR Divinci
18:49Enf
18:53MIRGB
18:54MIRIII
18:56MIR �
18:56MIRBI
18:57MIRDI
18:59MIRGAN
18:59Safe, but the predators have tasted blood and will not give up easily.
19:29Morning reveals the results of last night's tussle.
19:34Little Taurosaurus lost his fight with the predators.
19:38For the herd it is a blow.
19:41Too few young are being born in this polluted environment.
19:51A didelphodon is already at the carcass.
19:54These little opportunists are about the only animals that are thriving.
19:59During their long reign, the dinosaurs have adapted to many huge changes.
20:07But now they are facing a combination of events that will spell their doom.
20:17After a long trek across the ash fields, a group of annatatitan gather round a stagnant pool to drink and feed.
20:24Huge batteries of chewing teeth make short work of the vegetation.
20:38Once again, the predators make the water's edge a dangerous place.
20:42The group senses danger and starts to break up.
20:44The group senses danger and starts to break up.
20:48The group mind then senses danger and starts to break up in the ocean.
20:52蓋eless
20:55The mother Tyrannosaurus has broken her fast, and she is back with a vengeance.
21:25In the bushes nearby is the reason for her hunger.
21:34Three Tyrannosaurus chicks wait, the only survivors from a clutch of twelve.
21:40The moment they hear the kill, they start calling for food.
21:52The mother delivers a slab of anatta-titan meat.
21:55Only four weeks old and less than a meter high, competition is intense between the chicks,
22:04and one is already picked on by the other two.
22:08They will remain under their mother's protection for at least the next two months.
22:29Soon after that, she will abandon them, or worse, view them as food.
22:36It is unlikely the outcast will last that long.
22:43A few days later, and the mother rests in the warm afternoon sun.
23:04Already there is no sign of the smaller runt.
23:07He may well have been killed by his siblings.
23:18Increasingly, the bickering pair of chicks are happy to wander from their mother to explore their surroundings.
23:23From the undergrowth are snake watches.
23:35These reptiles have only recently evolved from the same family as lizards,
23:40but already they specialise in hunting warm-blooded creatures such as mammals.
23:44To do this, they use special sensory pits on their snouts
23:48as a way of detecting the heat signatures of other animals.
23:51The snake does not like what it can see.
24:11While the chicks play, they are oblivious to approaching danger.
24:14The mother is caught completely by surprise.
24:31The ankylosaurus has very little brain inside its reinforced skull.
24:36The mother, when faced with danger, it reacts automatically and aggressively.
24:50Normally Tyrannosaurus would retreat, but she will not abandon her young.
25:02The blow has cracked the mother's femur and ruptured internal organs.
25:21She limps away in agony.
25:22That night, the usual evening chorus is joined by the whimper of a dying giant.
25:43By morning, she lies lifeless on the baking ash fields.
25:47The chicks stand expectantly by the colossal corpse of their mother.
25:52The birds of their mother.
25:54The birds of their mother.
25:56The birds of their mother.
25:58Hours pass and still they wait.
26:03But their fate will now be settled,
26:07along with all the other giant dinosaurs of the Cretaceous.
26:113,000 kilometres to the south, the massive comet crashes into earth.
26:25The light from the impact fades in silence.
26:39Then the shockwaves arrive.
26:41Then the shockwaves arrive.
26:50Next comes the blast front.
26:51The wind.
26:53The blast front of the citypen.
27:01The maisons and the umar designed bright stones.
27:09At the east front.
27:10The auld.
27:11The skype a alive weight loss.
27:16On the left front.
27:17To achieve this.
27:19The night frame.
27:20Finally, a rain of molten rock starts to fall out of the darkening sky.
27:27This is the end of the age of the dinosaurs.
27:39The comet struck the Gulf of Mexico with the force of 10 billion Hiroshima bombs.
27:45In the catastrophic climate changes that followed, 65% of life died out.
27:52It took millions of years for Earth to recover, and when it did, the giant dinosaurs were gone, never to return.
28:07In their place have emerged other powerful and beautiful creatures.
28:15And we now know that one small group of dinosaurs did survive the extinction.
28:20And they are all around us today.
28:24The birds.
28:26The èx Bennet
28:33Per shoots
28:38THE END
29:08THE END
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