- 6 weeks ago
- #seamonsters
- #documentary
- #prehistoric
Documentary, Sea Monsters: A Prehistoric Adventure, National Geographic Film,
#SeaMonsters #Documentary #Prehistoric
#SeaMonsters #Documentary #Prehistoric
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AnimalsTranscript
00:00Beneath the earth we know lie other worlds, hidden from sight, lost in time.
00:24But sometimes we can glimpse a lost world through remnants of the past.
00:35We definitely got a skull. All right, what do you think?
00:39It's hard to say.
00:41This story begins with a discovery of unidentified bones.
00:46A team of paleontologists will try to figure out whose bones they are and what world they came from.
00:53So we've got a time frame. That's a start.
00:59They were discovered in Kansas, mostly farmland today.
01:05But once, Kansas lay beneath a vast sea.
01:23It was 82 million years ago, during the age of the dinosaurs.
01:53But there was another world of giants on earth.
02:00A submerged world, where enormous reptiles ruled seas filled with incredible creatures.
02:11These were the most dangerous seas of all time. No living thing was safe.
02:32They were
02:52The great marine reptiles disappeared long ago,
03:09and time has buried their world.
03:11But any of us might still encounter a sea monster.
03:35Buddy!
03:36Buddy!
03:37Buddy!
03:38Buddy!
03:39Buddy!
03:40Buddy!
03:41Buddy!
03:42Buddy!
03:43Buddy!
03:44Buddy!
03:45Buddy!
03:46Buddy!
03:47Buddy!
03:48Buddy!
03:49Buddy!
03:50Buddy!
03:51As if from nowhere, the distant past returns.
04:08The scientists hope to find not just the fossil of an ancient creature, but a story recorded in its bones.
04:16Grab your tools.
04:26Rain washed some of the chalk away and exposed it.
04:29This is great.
04:32Okay.
04:33They recognize it as something special.
04:34It's called very long and narrow.
04:36A rare Dali Kerenkopse, a Dali for short.
04:45It was a marine reptile of the late Cretaceous, a little bigger than a dolphin, and a fast swimmer.
04:57To unravel any story the bones may tell, the investigators will draw on everything they know about marine reptiles.
05:05Yeah, it looks like a Hesperonis.
05:08Their fossils have been found around the world over decades.
05:12These finds will help the team piece together the story of the Dali.
05:27And picture the moment in time when it swam in the sea.
05:33In many ways, the Dali's world was far different from ours.
05:37The climate was warmer, sea levels were higher, and more of Earth was submerged.
05:44This Dali would have lived in a vast inland sea that cut North America in two.
05:50Marine reptiles were also found in the waters around Europe, which was a scattering of islands and throughout the world's oceans.
05:58In time, they died out and sea levels retreated, exposing vast areas of seabed.
06:06Fossils from the ancient oceans turned up on every continent.
06:09A discovery in the Australian outback offers clues to how the Dali's life may have begun.
06:23It seems to be laying out in a pretty consistent pattern.
06:2695% of the fossils we're finding here are the bones of juveniles.
06:29So many small bones in one area suggest that marine reptiles gathered in protected shallows to give birth.
06:39And in North America, that's how the story of this Dali begins to unfold.
06:47Imagine that one of the creatures in the shallows is a pregnant Dali Korincops.
06:51She gives birth to a male, 18 inches long and colored like his mother.
07:08And a female, darker in color, with light patches below her eyes.
07:15And it's her life we begin to follow.
07:17She and her brother are air breathers.
07:22Instinct tells them what they have to do in their first minute alive.
07:38From the beginning, the little female and her brother practice skills they'll need one day.
07:41When they'll have to leave the safety of the shallows for the dangerous seas beyond.
07:52If she survives the perils to come, she'll return here one day and have young of her own.
08:01Already, she finds competition for food.
08:04There's the Hesperornis, a bird that can't fly and has a beak full of sharp teeth.
08:13And the Styxosaurus, a distant cousin of the Dali's with a super-sized neck.
08:27An adult can reach 35 feet in length.
08:44More than half of it, neck.
08:46Its shape makes it a slower swimmer.
08:56But it's great for catching fish.
08:58The little Dali soon comes across creatures that move.
09:00By pumping jets of water from the sea.
09:01The little Dali soon comes across creatures that move.
09:02By pumping jets of water from the sea.
09:03from their shells.
09:24The little Dali soon comes across creatures that move.
09:26By pumping jets of water from their shells.
09:28They're called ammonites, and they thrive in the ancient sea.
09:47They have rock-hard armor, and perhaps another defense.
09:51Swim too close like the little female and get a face full of ink.
09:56But that doesn't stop a young platycarpus when it wants a snack.
10:11Ammonites were once abundant, and their fossils have been uncovered often.
10:15Even by a road crew in Texas.
10:18There were many kinds of ammonites, and we know when most of them lived.
10:20Ammonites, a lot of them.
10:21There were many kinds of ammonites, and we know when most of them lived.
10:23So their fossils are like markers in time.
10:27Identify an ammonite, and you can date other less-common fossils nearby.
10:30That helps place documents in time.
10:31Ammonites, and we know when most of them lived.
10:32Ammonites, and we know when most of them lived.
10:33Ammonites, and we know when most of them lived.
10:35Ammonites, and we know when most of them lived.
10:37Ammonites, and you can date other less-common fossils nearby.
10:41there were many kinds of ammonites and we know when most of them lived so their
10:48fossils are like markers in time identify an ammonite and you can date
10:53other less common fossils nearby that helps place dollies in the long history
10:58of marine reptiles
11:03it began some 250 million years ago in the Triassic period with land reptiles that
11:10moved into the sea they developed webbed feet then flippers
11:18some had elaborate armor
11:24into the Jurassic they continued to evolve to see at great depths some had eyes the
11:32size of dinner plates top predators grew immense and powerful reaching their peak
11:39in the late Cretaceous near the end of the dinosaur age
11:45months have passed the female and her brother are now juveniles but they're
12:01still in the safety of the shallows and unaware of the huge predators in the sea
12:06beyond for now they're mastering the art of catching their favorite prey
12:11herring like fish cold and codus
12:36then one day everything changes for the dollies perhaps it's a change of seasons that causes the encoders to head out to sea on a migration
12:43then one day everything changes for the dalies perhaps it's a change of season that causes the encoders to head out to sea on a migration the dalŠ»ŠøŃŃ must follow their main source of food
12:50Then one day, everything changes for the Dalis.
12:59Perhaps it's a change of seasons that causes the Enkotis to head out to sea on a migration.
13:05The Dalis must follow their main source of food.
13:11And that means the young female and her brother must now set out on the journey of their lives.
13:19Pulling their mother from the shallows out into the Western Interior Sea.
13:27It's about the size of the Mediterranean and only a few hundred feet deep.
13:35But somewhere ahead are enormous predators.
13:47We know because where those predators once swam, the layered earth holds their remains as if a vast graveyard.
13:57Exposed to wind and rain, it gradually reveals what's within.
14:08A remarkable discovery was made by Charles Sternberg and his sons, pioneering fossil collectors in the American Midwest.
14:18It was a creature like this the Dalis might encounter in deeper waters, waters filled with dangers.
14:37The Tusa Toothis was a massive hunter, like the giant squid of today, up to 30 feet long and abundant in the inland sea.
15:02It was too big to be attacked by the platycarpus, who settles for smaller prey.
15:21The platycarpus itself was fierce, but not in the same league as its larger relative, the creature the Sternbergs had found.
15:40Few ocean predators ever would compare with the beast they were uncovering.
15:55I think I've got some tail vertebrae over here.
16:00Could be lower limb bones, part of a paddle.
16:03Skull here, paddle there.
16:06Tail vertebrae over there.
16:09This fella could be giant sized.
16:12It was a giant with no enemy.
16:22A great reptile called Tylosaurus.
16:29One of the largest and most ferocious creatures of any age.
16:37A fossil of a closely related beast tells us more.
16:44Its eyes were as big as grapefruits.
16:52Cone-shaped teeth filled its jaws and the roof of its mouth, perfect for seizing prey.
17:02The Tylosaurs were out there, but there were other predators more easily spotted.
17:31As fish go, Xiphactonus was gigantic.
17:37Up to 17 feet long.
17:40More than twice the size of the little female dolly.
17:57It was a hundred that could kill quickly.
18:00And this day, one did.
18:14We know what happened from a fossil excavated in the badlands of Kansas by Charles Sternberg's son George.
18:20Mr. Sternberg, I called from the newspaper.
18:24Lot of talk about what you found out here.
18:27Glad you could come.
18:29Caught a pretty big fish here.
18:31What is it exactly?
18:32This is a 13-foot Xiphactonus, but there's more to it.
18:36As I went through digging out the fossil, I noticed something beneath the ribs.
18:42I found some vertebrae, kept on going.
18:45Turned out to be an entire animal inside.
18:48The victim was a six-foot fish called a gillicus, such a mouthful that swallowing it killed the Xiphactons, a prehistoric victim of gluttony.
19:15Weeks pass, and the Dalis are now far from any shore, venturing into a sea turned magical by night.
19:44Microscopic plankton give off an eerie glow.
19:51Under cover of darkness, the encoders rest, not quite sleeping.
20:05Below, there's a mass spawning of straight-shelled ammonites.
20:12There's a mass spawning of straight-shelled ammonites.
20:13Below, there's a mass spawning of straight-shelled ammonites.
20:17Below, there's a mass spawning of straight-shelled ammonites.
20:32There's a mass spawning of straight-shelled ammonites.
20:39The Dalis keep their eyes trained for predators, and one is about to change their lives.
20:58There's hundreds of sharks' teeth here.
21:05After a long day hunting fossils, two amateur collectors unearthed the wealth of sharks' teeth.
21:28So many have been found around the world that it's clear sharks were thriving during the age of the sea monsters.
21:43The Crotoxy rhina is as big and lethal as the Great White of Ardee.
21:58It slices its victims into bite-sized chunks using razor-sharp teeth.
22:13There is evidence from a Dutch quarry that ancient sharks fed on even the largest marine reptiles,
22:20leaving tooth marks on their bones.
22:39The female and her brother are being watched.
22:49But it's their mother who becomes the target.
22:52Their mother is gone, but it isn't over.
23:07A smaller shark goes after the young female.
23:11She's wounded, but she survives the initial charge.
23:18Perhaps the shark was not as lucky.
23:28Her injury will heal, though she'll always carry a shark's tooth embedded in her flipper.
23:43The two youngsters must now continue on their own.
23:46The two youngsters must now continue on their own.
23:50If the female and her brother are going to survive, they'll have to find food and their way in this vast inland sea.
23:57If the female and her brother are going to survive, they'll have to find food and their way in this vast inland sea.
24:04Finally, they see something familiar.
24:32A school of encodis trailed by other dollies.
24:39A school of encodis trailed by other dollies.
24:46A school of encodis trailed by other species,
24:49A school of encodis
25:12...can be a meal for a Tylosaur.
25:18This one died with a full stomach.
25:20Yeah, it looks like a Hesperornis, big as a pelican, maybe bigger.
25:29The stomach contents of a single Tylosaur reveal its enormous appetite.
25:34This looks like the bone of a three to five foot long teleist fish.
25:38He's got a bone here from a small Mosasaur, probably the size of an alligator.
25:44And it seems like he swallowed a shark.
25:49Big eater, this guy.
26:01For several weeks, the travelers push on.
26:08The female's flipper is slowly healing, the embedded tooth now surrounded by scar tissue.
26:38The young female is drawn away by a potential meal of squid.
26:53One escapes among a colony of crinoids, prehistoric relatives of sea stars.
27:00Perhaps swept up from the bottom by currents.
27:05One escapes from the bottom by currents.
27:06One escapes from the bottom by currents.
27:07One escapes from the bottom by currents.
27:12The female has put herself directly in the sights of a giant.
27:19Taking the exposed parts of the skeleton together, skull to tail.
27:26Make the specimen about a 29 footer.
27:27Yeah.
27:28Yeah.
27:29There's something in the stomach.
27:30There's something in the stomach.
27:37There's something in the stomach.
27:44They had found the monster's last meal entombed within its ribs.
27:51Because dollies are fast, a tylosaur's best bet is to catch one by a minute.
28:20The female escapes, but her brother doesn't see the danger coming.
28:49The sternbergs had discovered a story locked in time of two ancient lives intersecting.
29:02But why did the predator die so soon after eating the dolly?
29:08Talosaurs were likely territorial and aggressive, even with each other.
29:13Perhaps an older tylosaur suddenly appeared.
29:14The younger tylosaur is threatened and tiring, slowed down by the large meal in his stomach.
29:26The female dolly is forgotten.
29:27The female dolly is forgotten.
29:33The female dolly is forgotten.
29:40The female dolly is forgotten.
29:41The female dolly is forgotten.
29:42The female dolly has to see rar the brutality now.
29:43That Jesuit bridge theujemy, the person who reads the Alison in her voice.
29:44The male dolly was beaten and oppressed.
29:48That's pretty sad, being a tylosaur has Conservation Thelē.
29:49Which is the secondATOR of The Conservation offering until theē»é¢Š²ŠµŃout 102 Buddhism ederim.
30:24The younger Tylosaur is mortally wounded, but his story isn't over. His final fate was recorded in stone. A shark's tooth lay near the fossil.
30:45Look at this!
30:54The female moves on with the others. Soon, the scavenging will begin.
31:05The young Dali has seen the human being.
31:12The young Dali has seen the human being.
31:15The young Dali has seen the human being.
31:20The young Dali has seen the deaths of her mother and brother, but she survived.
31:35Each year, marine reptiles gather again in the birthing grounds of the shallows. Among them is the Dali with the wounded flipper, now fully grown.
31:46She's completed her journey and returned to the waters of her birth. And after several seasons, she becomes a mother.
31:53Her young will grow larger and stronger. And one day, set out on their own journeys through the inland sea.
32:00Day by day, month by day, month by month, life plays out.
32:07She sees several litters of her offspring mature and mature and depart on lives of their own.
32:14Eventually, a year comes when the mother can't finish the migration.
32:15Eventually, a year comes when the mother can't finish the migration.
32:21One quiet day when old age has weakened her body.
32:25Her life is failing.
32:27Once again, the migration comes.
32:30month by month, life plays out.
32:34Life plays out.
32:36She sees several litters of her offspring mature and depart on lives of their own.
32:40Eventually, a year comes when the mother can't finish the migration.
32:44One quiet day.
32:47When old age has weakened her body, her life comes to a gentle end.
33:10Millions of years worth of days and nights and seasons pass as she lies undisturbed.
33:17Sea levels rise and fall.
33:26Around the world, continents shift.
33:30Volcanic activity changes the face of the Earth.
33:34New species appear and old species vanish, including the last of the sea monsters.
33:47Underneath the shifting land, the remains of the great ocean reptiles are turned by time into rock.
34:04And lie hidden until exposed.
34:09This time, by a summer rain.
34:13How are we going to take it out?
34:14We may have to plaster the whole thing and take it out in a jacket.
34:20Hey, come check this out.
34:22There was something unusual about one of the rear flippers.
34:35A shark's tooth embedded between the bones.
34:44How are we going to take it out in the delhi-many?
34:46We're going to take the deep space.
34:47And the wind is turning back.
34:51A fish instead of the dark.
34:53A fish instead of a small nest.
34:54A fish in the sea.
34:55A fish in the sea.
34:56A fish in the sea.
34:57A fish in the sea.
34:58After 82 million years, the female Dali Karinkops has returned to tell her story.
35:28There are countless other creatures still buried within the layers of the earth, waiting
35:39for us to find them, waiting to tell us stories of our world when it was theirs.
35:58To be continued...
36:17Looking for clues, traces and signs
36:22Scraping away the dirt and dust of time
36:27Oh, the dust of time
36:32Taking out the mud that conceals
36:38Take it away and it reveals
36:41Hidden stories, hidden lies
36:44Hidden stories, hidden lies
36:49These are the marks and scars of time
36:53We're digging out the mud
36:56These are the fragments of the long gone days
37:01We're digging out of the mud
37:04Oh, opening stories of a different life
37:14Beneath the surface, the unknown lies
37:25Stripping away the mark and scars of time
37:30Oh, the mark and scars of time
37:35Scraping away what they remain
37:40To touch the level that contains
37:44Different stories, different lies
37:47Different stories, different lies
37:51These are the marks and scars of time
37:53These are the marks and scars of time
37:56We're digging out the mud
37:59These are the fragments of the long gone days
38:04We're digging out of the mud
38:07Oh, opening stories of the long gone days
38:16We're digging out of the mud
38:20We're digging out of the mud
38:23These are the fragments of the long gone days
38:28We're digging out of the mud
38:30Oh, opening stories of a different life
38:34Oh, opening stories of a different life
38:47Oh, opening stories of a different life
38:51Oh, opening stories of a different life
38:56Oh, opening stories of a different life
38:58Oh, opening stories of a different life
38:59Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:00Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:01Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:02Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:03Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:04Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:05Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:06Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:07Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:08Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:09Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:10Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:11Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:12Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:14Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:16Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:18Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:20Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:22Oh, opening stories of a different life
39:24Oh, opening stories of a different life
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