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Many revelation about Adolf Hitler. World War II, WWII Programs, Germany, Hitler, Nazi Party, NSDAP
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00:00THE END
00:30The swastika of the Nazi Party
00:34It is gone today, blasted from the earth
00:41But the memory of its evil genius remains
00:44Great is man's devastation of his own handiwork
00:48Some men's thirst for conquest is unquenchable
00:51Names like Genghis Khan and Attila the Hun
00:53Breeze the blood of men and strike terror into their hearts
00:56Such a name was Adolf Hitler
01:03What kind of man was this strutting, shouting fanatic of the Third Reich?
01:14If anyone really knew Adolf Hitler, surely it was his own family
01:17Here is Adolf Hitler's sister today
01:20Her name is Paula Wolf
01:21Let her speak
01:23I quote her
01:27When we children played together, my brother Adolf was always the leader
01:31All the others did what he told them to do
01:33They must have had an instinct that his will was stronger than theirs
01:37Father wanted Adolf to become a government official as he was himself
01:41But my brother could not make up his mind
01:43He wasn't the type to sit all the time
01:46And therefore, as a government official, he would not feel at home
01:49Hitler, a faceless nobody
01:59A failure in early life who rose from the depths of a defeated and despairing Germany
02:04After World War I
02:05And fell at Armageddon years later amid the terrible wreckage of his own creation
02:09The Third Reich
02:10To historians, Hitler's success with the German masses stemmed from his gift of oratory
02:17From his speeches, which had something of Bagnarian music
02:21A foggy conglomeration of gods and heroes and blood and race
02:25The tale of his boyhood in Kaiser Wilhelms, Germany is soon told
02:38In the city streets, among the crowd, the camera's eye seeks in vain
02:42For the son of a petty customs official
02:44Proud, apart, almost friendless
02:46He dreams of being a poet, an architect, an artist
02:49But he winds up as a house painter and sometime common laborer
02:53Through his twenties, the world knew nothing of him
02:561914
03:02The Great War rescues him from failure
03:10A time for heroic deeds
03:12A new symbol, the swastika, rises from black German defeat
03:17Members sign up for the German Workers' Party
03:20The symbol appeals to Adolf Hitler
03:22As a corporal, he had been wounded and gassed in the war
03:26And he soon leads the bitter veterans in the dark days that follow
03:29The parades are an integral part of this new political force
03:33Soon to become the National Socialist or Nazi Party
03:36It is now 1920
03:39And Hitler talks himself into the leadership of the party
03:431923
03:49Hitler and General Ludendorff lead the abortive beer hall
03:53That's in Munich
03:54Hitler goes to prison
03:55And the fanatic Dr. Goebbels takes over the party
03:58From headquarters in Munich, Goebbels screams
04:00We build the Third Reich on propaganda
04:02While the parades go on, Hitler sits in Landsberg prison and writes
04:07Mein Kampf, the Bible of the Nazi movement
04:09The answer to unemployment, breadlines, depression
04:12Fight, fight!
04:17Julius Schaub, an early follower of Hitler
04:20And a fellow prisoner during Germany's days of desperation
04:23Talks now
04:24I quote
04:28While we were prisoners together at Landsberg
04:31Adolf Hitler spent the mornings working on his book
04:33Mein Kampf
04:34In the evening after supper
04:36When we came together
04:37He used to read us several chapters from his book
04:39There were discussions
04:41The main participants in these discussions
04:43Were Hess, Grebel and Dr. Weber
04:45For us young people
04:47It was a training school, if I may say so
04:49Because at that time we hadn't realized
04:51Just what Adolf Hitler was planning to do
04:53Out of prison and now a hero
04:59A happy Hitler resumes control of the party
05:01The fascist salute borrowed from Mussolini
05:04Becomes part of the ritual
05:06Along with the banners and the rallies
05:08Other close ties with the Italian fascists are built
05:12Hitler and Rudolf Hess greet Mussolini in Munich
05:15Perhaps seeking to learn the way to seize power
05:18The anti-Semite fanatic Julius Streicher
05:21Is there
05:21And the groundwork is laid for cooperation
05:24Between the fascists and the Nazis
05:25Before Mussolini returned to Rome
05:28Behind the pattern of demonstrations
05:32Parades, inflammatory speeches and rituals
05:34Lies a diabolical purpose
05:36Hitler says in Mein Kampf
05:38Man is a fighting animal
05:39A nation being a community of fighters
05:41Is a fighting unit
05:42Any living organism which ceases to fight
05:45Is doomed to destruction
05:46The present government is weak
05:48Therefore true Germans must fight this government
05:50Conceived in shame and perpetuated in weakness
05:53In speech after speech
05:55Hitler screams his dogma at the German people
05:57Nazi meetings begin to look more like military maneuvers
06:00Than political rallies
06:011928
06:06Hitler has 12 seats on the German Reichstag
06:09By 1930 the world depression is strangling Germany
06:13Hitler now has an ally
06:14Rioting and disorders play into the hands of the Nazis
06:17And by 1932 they hold 230 seats
06:20Violence and intimidation become part of the pattern
06:23Their newspapers filled with inflammatory propaganda
06:26Carry the message
06:271932
06:30Hindenburg defeats Hitler for the presidency
06:33By a slim margin
06:34The beginning of the end for him
06:37January 30th 1933
06:44Hindenburg is through
06:46Hitler is named Chancellor
06:48And in a torchlight parade
06:49His followers pay pagan homage
06:51To the undisputed master of Germany
06:53The Stahlhelm wore steel hats
06:55The SS elite guards
06:57And the SA stormtroopers
06:58Are all there
06:59And they will spread terror throughout the land
07:02Hitler now has the support of the big German cartels
07:05Hitler is now able to put into practice
07:07His thesis as spelled out in Mein Kampf
07:09That the aim of all education and all effort
07:12Is to produce a German who can become a soldier
07:15The Nazi party can now start organized persecution
07:28Of those Hitler has declared enemies of the state
07:30Attention Jews
07:32The sign reads
07:33The Nazi party's chosen goons
07:35Will carry out their orders with a will
07:36They swoop down on their victims
07:39Homes are broken into day and night
07:51Hitler says in Mein Kampf
07:55Only the application of brute force
07:57Used continuously and ruthlessly
07:58Can bring about a decision in favor of the side it supports
08:01Early in 1933
08:05All meetings of the Communist Party
08:08Are forbidden in Germany
08:09After the Reichstag fire
08:104,000 are arrested and hurled into concentration camps
08:13Behind barbed wire fences
08:14Brown shirts and black shirts
08:16Join in these roundups
08:18Up to the time of Hitler's appointment as Chancellor
08:20Control of the Prussian police
08:22Has rested in the hands of the president
08:23Now that is ended
08:25The Prussian police are commanded by Herman Goering
08:35Whose beer barrel shape contrasts with the lean hard bodies of the men under his command
08:40And there is not to reason why or to question the will of the fearer
08:49August 2nd 1934
08:54President von Hindenburg
08:56The idol of the German people dies
08:58Hitler digs in assuming the presidency
09:01And consolidating the office with that of Chancellor
09:03He prods the German people toward his goal at an ever quickening pace
09:07The Nazi party consolidates its strength
09:10And follows its blueprint to dominate the entire country
09:13Hitler begins to acquire the glassy stare of the self-convinced messiah
09:21And has already become a total dictator
09:23Several months earlier he told a dismayed Reichstag the details of his first bloodbath
09:28Minister President Hermann Goering, Hitler says
09:30Has been the avenging angel of the fearer
09:33Kurt von Schleicher and his wife have been shot dead
09:35Captain Ernest Rome, once Hitler's companion, is gone
09:38Cries out Hitler
09:39If anyone reproaches me and asks why I did not resort to the regular courts of justice
09:44Then I say this
09:45In this hour I was responsible for the fate of the German people
09:48A large standing army is forbidden by the Versailles Treaty
10:07But for a long time the Nazis have managed to circumvent this
10:11Since 1925 they have had an organization known as the Reichswehr
10:14Under Baldur von Schirach, the youth organizer
10:17There is a cadet corps and a phony labor corps
10:20Every village, every town, every city adds to the roster of young men
10:23Trained to serve as soldiers of the Reich
10:25These labor battalions are pledged to serve Hitler in these words
10:29Never in the trenches, never surrounded by bursting bombs
10:32But we are soldiers of the Reich
10:34At first these men drill with shovels
10:36And Germany has more hunting clubs than game
10:38A cover for other military organizations
10:41Gradually the world begins to see through this massive subterfuge
10:45We stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we stand here, we
11:15And you, Comrade, from the Saar.
11:21One soldier, one soldier, one soldier, one soldier!
11:40Increasingly bolder with each passing day,
11:43the conspirators against world peace soon are strong enough to forget
11:46the false labor battalions and the phony shovels.
11:49Armed with real guns and striding along in new uniforms,
11:52they are a Finnish fighting force.
12:01Cavalry, another violation of the Versailles Treaty
12:04whose framers remembered the feared Uhlans,
12:06passes in review before the Reichswehr.
12:13Panzer cars begin to appear.
12:19As time passes, the goal, world conquest, seems closer.
12:23Hitler begins to feel that he is as ready as he ever will be.
12:26March 7th, 1936, he announces his troops will reoccupy the demilitarized Rhineland.
12:33The troops march west, 35,000 strong.
12:36Don't worry, Hitler tells the Allies, this is only symbolic.
12:39Nevertheless, world capitals are jittery.
12:42Paris considers mobilization, but nothing happens.
12:45Britain is too preoccupied with her economic problems.
12:48Hitler's bold revival of German militarism,
12:50the reappearance of the German eagle,
12:52the dedication of the Nazi party.
12:54All these signs fail to arouse action.
12:57America with prosperity return is indifferent.
13:14By 1938, Hitler has an air force of 1,500 first class fighters.
13:19Tanks and Panzer cars for his slick motorized division.
13:23And three and a half million trained soldiers.
13:26March 11th, 1938.
13:29De Fehrer makes his first move across traditional German borders.
13:33He invades Austria, and within two days,
13:36a puppet Austrian chancellor proclaims the unification of the two countries.
13:40Another diplomatic card in Hitler's hands, the revived German navy.
13:47A nightmare to Britain with her exposed sea lanes.
13:50She, France, and Italy sign the infamous Munich pact.
13:57September 1938.
13:59By the following march, Hitler gobbles up the remainder of a prostrate Czechoslovakia.
14:03The great Skoda munitions works is added to the Nazi arsenal.
14:06More weapons for De Fehrer's conquest.
14:09The Munich pact becomes a symbol of appeasement.
14:12And the world wonders where the next strike will be.
14:14And now, Russia begins to show an active concern.
14:20No bridegroom could be happier than Adolf Hitler,
14:22who is keeping his rendezvous with destiny.
14:25In six short years since he became chancellor,
14:27the German eagle again has the world trembling.
14:30Facing France, the Siegfried defense line
14:33wrestles with tank traps and guns.
14:35But Hitler's move will not be there.
14:38But to the east.
14:41Yes, Poland is the next target.
14:44As Germany and Italy sign a military pact,
14:46the German divisions are sent to the Polish border and begin maneuvers.
14:50The world, hoping for Russian intervention,
14:52is shocked when Hitler and Stalin sign a friendship pact.
14:56It is not long before the maneuvers are recognized by the world for what they are,
15:01preparation for another Hitler invasion.
15:05To the Polish border, Hitler has sent divisions of cavalry to cope with the Polish mud,
15:18when it becomes too difficult for the mechanized divisions.
15:21Everything goes according to plan.
15:23Out of the youth groups have come divisions of hardened soldiers ready to die for the fatherland.
15:31Out of the young groups of athletes who practice jumping,
15:34come the tough paratroopers ready to strike with lightning speed.
15:37From the glider clubs, supposedly sports clubs,
15:42come the trained pilots to man the Messerschmitts.
15:49And out of the merchant marine come the trained submarine crews,
15:52ready to man the Atlantic wolf pack with which the world is ill-prepared to deal.
15:56Yes, the youth groups are serving their purpose in the Nazi master plan.
16:13September 1st, 1939.
16:16Germany's radio stations crackle out the warnings,
16:18Stand by, something big.
16:21Inside one heavily guarded studio,
16:23the Minister of Propaganda, Joseph Goebbels, speaks.
16:26The news is world-shaking.
16:28Germany has invaded Poland.
16:30Within two days, France and Britain have, in turn,
16:33declared war upon Germany.
16:36From the balcony of the Reich Cancillary,
16:38Adolf Hitler speaks to the people.
16:40Let us do duty.
16:42He is shocked and furious that the allies have come to the aid of Poland.
16:46There is fighting in the streets of Danzig.
16:48Desperate fighting all over Poland.
16:53Poland has literally burned off the maps of the world,
17:06as the Panzer divisions execute the first of the ferocious blitzkrieg.
17:11The German-Polish frontier disappears,
17:13as the Poles try to oppose a moving 20-mile wall of steel and firepower
17:18with their ancient cavalry.
17:19Hitler goes to the front to view the slaughter at Poznan.
17:24In three weeks, the nation is reduced to unresisting ashes.
17:39Britain and France have decided to come to the aid of the stricken country,
17:42but there is little they can do.
17:55Before the autumn leaves have fallen,
17:58the subjugation of Poland is complete.
18:00The world now knows it is engaged in a death struggle with the former,
18:05unemployed house painter,
18:07has now become world conqueror.
18:09The screeching fanatic is familiar.
18:11But what about the man?
18:13In Bavaria, at Berchtesgarten,
18:15the man Hitler has built himself a hideout.
18:18It has a patio overlooking the wild mountain known as Untersberg.
18:21It is here that he entertains top-notch the officials in private.
18:25And it is here that his love for a woman grows
18:28and becomes a strange part of this implacable despot's private life.
18:32Eva Braun, ex-receptionist in the Photoshop run by Hitler's photographer Heinrich Hoffmann,
18:39had begun to appear earlier at Hitler's private receptions at his mountain retreat.
18:43Few people knew the strange fascination he has for women.
18:47Because of him, three had tried suicide.
18:50Eva Braun walked into Hitler's life in the early thirties,
18:54but only his intimate friends know of the relationship.
18:57While he conferred with party aides,
19:00Eva was always in the background at Hitler's retreat, the Berghof.
19:04As a very young girl, she had been in a woman's institute in Braunau.
19:07Hitler took her under his protection in 1932, after she'd tried to kill herself.
19:13With Eva came her sister, Gretel.
19:20In this beautiful setting,
19:22the Polish massacre and the coming war with the Allies seemed remote indeed.
19:26A cocktail party atmosphere prevails a great deal of the time.
19:30Minor party officials whose names are lost to history
19:33are there chatting with the fearer,
19:34as Eva and her sister and friends provide almost comic relief.
19:38And looking at her, one might be inclined almost to pity her.
19:41Poor girl, scarcely more than a child,
19:43and fluttered by the attention of the ruler of her country,
19:46she can hardly be expected to act differently.
19:49She came from the same humble background as Hitler himself,
19:52a possible explanation of his preference for her.
19:55The wife of the fearer's adjutant, Frau Schaub,
19:58sheds a new light on the love life of Germany's master.
20:01There was, after all, Hitler the ladies' man.
20:05Das Gerücht, dass Adolf Hitler Frauen gegenüber...
20:08She says, those rumors that Adolf Hitler was supposed to be abnormal over women are false.
20:14As the wife of a man who was his adjutant for 20 years,
20:17I had numerous occasions to watch him in private,
20:20and also when in the company of ladies.
20:21I can assure you that he was definitely a very normal man.
20:25He loved women, and loved to be in the presence of feminine beauty.
20:28I know all about the relationship between him and Eva Braun from 1931 right up to the end.
20:34And I also know about many other love affairs.
20:36Ava first was seen with Hitler in his house in Munich,
20:50and then at the Berchtesgarten hideout when that was built.
21:06She is seldom photographed with Hitler.
21:09She is rarely alone at the Berghof.
21:10In addition to Sister Gretel, she has many of her friends who help to provide light-hearted diversion,
21:16as a balance perhaps for the more serious matters under consideration.
21:19They are joined by the wives of Hitler's visitors among the party members.
21:23Eva herself enjoys the picture-taking sequences.
21:26Perhaps it is the camera that causes the playful mood.
21:29Perhaps it is an escape from the frightening decisions being made at these meetings.
21:33From top to toe, Eva makes an attractive picture of medium height, blue eyes, round face, framed in darkish blonde hair.
21:53We have no comment from Hitler about his sweetheart.
21:56From others come varying opinions.
21:58Says Heinrich Hoffman, who discovered her.
22:01She is an ordinary pretty little shop girl with all the frivolity and vanity of her kind.
22:06To Dr. Gerbel, she is that stupid flapper.
22:09Knowing how Hitler despises fatness in any form,
22:13Eva spends a few hours a day in exercise.
22:14Of course, Hitler, whose waking hours have taken up with a thousand duties and obligations,
22:29is hardly able to pay her the attention a girl of her years would normally expect.
22:46While some of the entries in her diary tell of Hitler's anger and of his neglect,
22:51and her own mortal unhappiness,
22:53she also writes with pride that she is the mistress of Germany's and the world's greatest man.
22:59Then she seems not to mind the neglect.
23:12In the Berghof, the housekeeper has long been Frau Raubel, who is Hitler's half-sister.
23:16It is her job to keep the establishment going,
23:20so that Tafira may always use it as a spot for quiet business matters,
23:24away from the chancellery.
23:26But after her daughter has shot herself for love of Hitler,
23:29she resents Eva's installation as her daughter's successor.
23:32In the end, Frau Raubel quits her post,
23:35leaving Eva the chattel lane responsible only to her lord and master in every sense of the word.
23:39Over the years, Hitler's bodyguard, the brutal Martin Bormann,
23:52turns the Berghof into a second chancellery, which is always awaiting guests.
23:57It has seen such notable personalities as Mussolini, Canciano,
24:01the Duke and Duchess of Windsor, others too numerous to mention.
24:04This is a reception on the lighter side, however.
24:06The chief figure in this group is Herr Professor Goebbels,
24:10a frequent visitor to the Berghof.
24:12Adolf and Eva pose together for home movies.
24:16Then Goebbels and Eva's younger sister, Gretel.
24:19Gretel is a more fastidious girl than Eva.
24:22In time, she will marry Hitler's aide-de-camp, Hermann Fegelein,
24:25and suffer tragedy when he is shot by Bormann as a traitor to Hitler.
24:29Hitler's most intimate advisors say they don't know at what point the frivolous Eva becomes his mistress.
24:39As the wildfire of the war spreads, Hitler more frequently seeks the companionship of Eva.
24:46There has been gossip about Hitler and Eva being the parents of a child, but it seems untrue.
25:00This baby is probably the daughter of one of her girlfriends.
25:02Here is de Ferrer in a happy mood.
25:11It is hard to imagine now that a great war is raging.
25:27Hitler's private guard is ready for a visitor.
25:30The only intimation of war comes when someone like Count Giano, Mussolini's son-in-law, comes to Bastet Garden.
25:36Hitler wants to know when Benito is going to keep his promise to come into the war.
25:39Several months have gone by and Italy is still neutral.
25:43But this serious business does not interfere with the round of gay swimming parties featuring Eva Braun and her friends in a kind of water ballet.
25:52The fact that Britain and France are going to make a real effort to cut short the mad career of her lover does not curtail the daily diving practice.
25:59The picnic lunches featuring Daskutlager beer.
26:09Another episode starring Eva with the supporting cast of Nazi leaders visiting Bestestgarten.
26:20Perhaps the habit of stripping the possessions from enemies of the Reich has caused them to forget their manners.
26:24The girls at the Berghof are always willing to provide amusement.
26:38These lakeside products are some relief from the other business of the Berghof, the planning of world conquest.
26:43Still more water sports, it is the era of the rubber rafts in the Bavarian lakes near the Berghof.
27:00And fun for the visiting leaders of the self-styled master race.
27:05Far different from the rubber rafts which are floating in the vast areas of the Atlantic with their human cargoes consigned to the sea by Hitler's roving deadly submarine wolf packs.
27:14A graphic report for De Führer, enemy dead, and the plans for further conquest.
27:25It is now spring again, April 9th in 1940, and the Nazi planes are in another sky.
27:32After a brief show of air might and the march of a few divisions, Denmark and Norway fall before the German army.
27:38These tiny countries cannot resist the concentrated might of German arms and take their orders for surrender over the German controlled radio stations.
27:52But even Hitler's attempts to remake the map of Europe brings few changes to Bestestgarten.
27:58At Hitler's hideaway it seems that everything is always the same.
28:01The same girls in bathing suits seated on the same blankets, the same water sports, the same carefree air.
28:10But not entirely.
28:12The beauty of a butterfly's wings are indeed fascinating as are many things bright and gay.
28:17But a butterfly's wings are quite different from those of transport planes.
28:24And the transport planes carry a deadly cargo.
28:31With blinding swiftness, the chain lightning of the Panzer strikes into Holland.
28:35Surrender is almost immediate.
28:36Then into Belgium.
28:38The British are rolled up at Dunkirk.
28:40This time, Paris in the spring is a sad Paris.
28:41For the second time in a century, German troops march through the Arc de Triomphe.
28:45June 22nd, 1940.
28:46In the same railway car in the forest of Compiègne, which witnessed the German troops march through the Arc de Triomphe.
28:48The British are rolled up at Dunkirk.
28:49The British are rolled up at Dunkirk.
28:50The British are rolled up at Dunkirk.
29:00This time, Paris in the spring is a sad Paris.
29:04For the second time in a century, German troops march through the Arc de Triomphe.
29:07June 22nd, 1940.
29:08In the same railway car in the forest of Compiègne, which witnessed the German humiliation of 1918, the French are forced to sign the unhappy armistice.
29:20Among the Germans, there are congratulations all around.
29:23And de Führer, really letting himself go for once, almost dances a little jig.
29:27After a visit to the Paris Opera House, Hitler goes back to Berger Scott.
29:34He is spending more and more time in the old familiar haunts now, strolling the Paris from the Berghof to the tea house that has been built for him.
29:42And Eva is less alone than she has been in earlier years.
29:51Under the impact of the tremendous events that rock the world, Eva is undergoing a change.
29:57She censors the role she plays in her lover's drama.
30:00And this time, with Julia Stryker as guest, she acts with more dignity.
30:14If Adolf seems detached and moody at times, and even busier than usual with Joachim von Ribbentrop and Mussolini,
30:20it is because there are great things in the air.
30:23Everything is pointing to a blow at England, the bases in France and Norway, the air battle over Britain.
30:30But Hitler has other plans, known only to his intimate advisors such as Joseph Goebbels and Heinrich Himmler.
30:35June 22nd, 1941.
30:44Three great Nazi army groups crash into Russia on a vast front from the Gulf of Finland in the north to the Black Sea on the south.
30:58The world is shocked. No one has expected this. Hitler and Stalin have been allies.
31:04They have split up Poland. They have signed a mutual assistance pact that drive carries deep into Russian territory.
31:10The advance is speeded because the Luftwaffe has absolute control of the air.
31:24In the Kremlin, in a slow, halting, colorless voice, Stalin calls upon his people to scorch the earth.
31:30But the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941, has brought new allies and generals to the Supreme Command.
31:44Eisenhower and Bradley join Montgomery and Tedder.
31:47The American troops invade North Africa.
32:05The American troops invade North Africa.
32:12Hitler's Russian invasion has stalled
32:23in a great swirling maelstrom of blood and fire
32:26whose vortex is Stalingrad.
32:42July 10th, 1943, the Allies invade Sicily.
32:51Hitler has Mussolini in for a conference.
32:54De Fira does not like the way things are going in the South.
32:57There is a saying,
32:58dictators ride to and fro on tigers which they dare not dismount.
33:02Hitler gives the Italian dictator a severe dressing down.
33:06Benito listens, knowing his armies are collapsing.
33:12Ava is still kept in the background at the Berghof,
33:16doing her slimming exercises alone
33:18as her fearer struggles with the titanic problems of the war.
33:30How can he keep his factories supplying the troops
33:33despite mass Allied air raids?
33:37How to get more work out of slave laborers
33:39whose will to work must be created through terror
33:41and torture
33:42and whose physical energy is being sapped
33:44by the lack of food
33:45due to the strain on the German economy?
33:55Full production can hardly be expected
33:57from starving men
33:58who must push and shot each other
34:00for the scraps left for them.
34:01Their desperate existence is hardly considered
34:11by the residents of De Fira's private retreat
34:13atop the mountain in Bavaria,
34:16Ava and her friends.
34:20During the summer of 1943,
34:22the Rhinemaidens of the Berghof seem little concerned
34:24that their world is soon to crumble.
34:26In the consuming flames of the Allied counterattack,
34:29little Ava and her friends
34:30hardly have the capacity for such speculation.
34:35Her sister Gretel, heavier now,
34:37joins in the enjoyment
34:38in one of the crystal streams near the Berghof.
34:40The girls like shower baths.
34:53The Germans call them bross baths.
34:55This falls makes a natural one,
34:57cooling on this hot summer's day.
34:59But the showers of the German concentration camps
35:03are a different kind of shower.
35:05In place of the cooling mountain water,
35:07their jets carry deadly cyanide gas.
35:10Showers of death for the unwanted,
35:12race extermination.
35:27Even the clothing will be salvaged.
35:29In its death rows,
35:30the Third Reich will overlook nothing usable.
35:37September the 8th, 1943.
35:39Under cover of darkness,
35:41American and British troops
35:42strike across the Strait of Messina
35:43and invade Italy.
35:45General Mark Clark leads the invasion.
35:47Scratch one dictator,
35:59Mussolini.
36:00German paratroopers rescue him
36:02from the prison in which he has been held
36:03in protective custody.
36:05Brought to Hitler,
36:06he thanks his savior profusely.
36:09He will live to be hung by his heels
36:11in the public square at Milan.
36:12And right, British and American bombers
36:25are taking off from bases in Britain
36:26and North Africa to bomb Germany.
36:31In German cities,
36:32the fire apparatus is kept constantly busy
36:34by the 1,000 plane raids.
36:36It is 1944,
36:38and the Allies have almost undisputed control
36:40of the air.
36:42Planes sweep through the skies
36:43and rain down destruction on Cologne,
36:46Hamburg, Berlin,
36:46and the Ploieste oil fields,
36:48railroad yards,
36:49and rocket launching pads.
36:51Never has war visited such havoc
36:53on the works of man.
36:55Hitler's visions of world conquest
36:57are beginning to fade.
36:59A battle at Monte Cassino in Italy.
37:12Soldiers of many nations
37:14are in the bitter fight for the monastery.
37:16And they take it
37:27and go on to Rome.
37:29This is truly an Allied army.
37:31They understand each other
37:32the universal sign language.
37:36The ones who can't understand
37:39are the bombed-out civilians.
37:40They know little about the mad dictator
37:42who has caused their plight,
37:44especially the children.
37:45Along the shell-torn roads,
37:48they trudge seeking shelter.
37:54Now, for one of the last glimpses
37:57of the Berghof.
37:58It's the birthday of the son
37:59of one of Ava's friends.
38:01And war or no war,
38:02a birthday deserves a celebration.
38:04But even on a birthday,
38:05problems press heavily
38:06on a dictator's mind.
38:08And the ring is closing.
38:10But there must be some move,
38:11some masterstroke.
38:13And then the bombings.
38:15Day and night.
38:16Day and night.
38:17This is the repayment with interest
38:19for Warsaw and Rotterdam
38:21and Coventry.
38:22Yes, the little fellow
38:23gets a birthday party.
38:25What will the next one be like?
38:27Will there be a next one?
38:28June 6th, 1944.
38:37The French coast
38:38from Cherbourg to Le Havre.
38:40This is D-Day.
38:4140 Allied Division Storm ashore.
38:47At Berghof,
38:48two months later,
38:50Hitler and Nazi officials
38:51hold a meeting.
38:52A desperate bomb plot
38:53has miscarried.
38:55Several die in the blast,
38:56but Hitler escapes.
38:57The only after effect
38:58is a slight limp.
39:00This war, says Hitler,
39:01is one of those
39:02elemental conflicts
39:03which usher in a new millennium
39:05and which shake the world
39:06once in a thousand years.
39:14This is Schaub,
39:15who was then
39:16personal head to camp.
39:19Stalin, get out.
39:20He says,
39:21Adolf Hitler's state of health
39:23got a lot worse
39:24because of the setbacks
39:25on the front,
39:26especially after the Battle
39:27of Stalingrad.
39:28He couldn't sleep.
39:29His nerves got worse
39:30and he was forced
39:31to take to medicine.
39:33But I must kill
39:34all those rumors.
39:35His brain was perfectly in order
39:37right up to his death.
39:38On the western front,
39:54General George Patton
39:55unleashes his tanks.
39:57Hitler has worked
39:58his revenge
39:59for what he considered
39:59the humiliation of Germany.
40:01He is paying its price.
40:03To a desperate Hitler,
40:04his blondie
40:05is of some comfort,
40:06faithful when even
40:07the Fuhrer's life
40:08is threatened
40:08by his former friends.
40:10She is trained
40:11to kill on command.
40:19On the Russian front,
40:21things go from bad
40:22to worse.
40:23German troops
40:23are driven from Romania,
40:25Bulgaria,
40:25Yugoslavia,
40:26and Greece.
40:27The next Russian move
40:28will be into
40:28the German heartland.
40:30German troops
40:31bravely face
40:32the massive Russian attacks
40:33with the inevitable results
40:35when troops
40:36are outmanned
40:36and outgunned
40:37and hungry and cold.
40:38You'll never see
40:39a goose step
40:39in the snow.
40:43Disaster follows disaster.
40:46The Allies storm
40:46across France
40:47and double their aerial
40:48assaults on Germany itself.
40:50German troops
40:51are surrendering now
40:52by the thousands.
40:53The white flags
40:58of surrender
40:59are fluttering
40:59everywhere.
41:03The G.I.s
41:04pull down
41:05the swastika
41:06and run up
41:06the stars and stripes.
41:15So be it,
41:16Hitler tells himself,
41:17if the Third Reich
41:18must fall,
41:20let it be
41:20to the Americans.
41:21But even this
41:22is not to be.
41:23There has been
41:24a deal at Yalta
41:25that British and Americans
41:26are to draw up
41:26along the Elba
41:27and let the Russians
41:28take Berlin.
41:29Hitler sees the handwriting
41:31on the wall.
41:32He must go to Berlin
41:33to turn the route
41:34into victory
41:35or fall in the attempt.
41:37And so,
41:38he and Eva Braun
41:39go there
41:40and install themselves
41:41in the chancellery.
41:43There he screams
41:44for greater sacrifices.
41:50Berlin,
42:05a city in its death
42:06throes.
42:07All day and all night
42:08the guns thunder.
42:09Civilians decide
42:10to make a run
42:10for better cover.
42:11the guns thunder.
42:41After a while, you get so you take chances.
43:11April 20th, 1945, and the Russians are mopping up in the Berlin suburbs.
43:42Hitler has called in his staff, the final meeting.
43:45Should they fly to the south, Hitler elects to stay until the end and goes to a bunker under the chancellery with Eva.
43:52Himmler and Gehring desert.
43:54The crashing gunfire is the sound of approaching doom.
43:58On April 22nd, Hitler is in a state of nervous collapse.
44:01He refuses to leave the bunker.
44:03Julius Schaub remembers the scene.
44:06He says, I entered his bedroom in the bunker with him.
44:11On the table, there was a 7.5 pistol.
44:14He went up to it.
44:16I got a terrible shot.
44:17He cocked the gun.
44:19But no, it wasn't the last hour yet.
44:21He was only making sure it was loaded.
44:23A few days later, the event took place, which I thought was going to happen at that moment.
44:28The dinner table, he Mai Troussac.
44:29I went around.
44:29I got acharge.
44:30I got a
44:38bitch, I went on.
44:39Goodbye.
44:39Goodbye.
44:40Goodbye.
44:40Goodbye.
44:41Goodbye.
44:42As the defenders of Berlin are routed out, poison capsules are distributed to the inmates
45:04of the vault in the Chancellery.
45:06On April 29th, Hitler marries Eva Braun.
45:09Adolf Hitler's personal pilot, Hans Bauer, tells about Hitler's final orders.
45:17He says, approximately one-half to three-quarters of an hour before Hitler's death on the 30th
45:22of April, he sent for me.
45:25When I reported, he took both my hands on his and said to me, Bauer, I want to say goodbye.
45:30For a moment I was speechless, and it took 20 minutes to say goodbye.
45:35And the other things he said, Bauer, I have two more orders for you.
45:38The first is, I make you personally responsible for burning the corpses of my wife and me.
45:45The second is, see to it that Bauer gets through to Dönitz.
45:49Dönitz will become my natural successor.
45:51I have given Bauer large numbers of orders and documents to take with him to Dönitz.
45:56All the time I was struck by Hitler's clear way of speaking, I couldn't believe that this
46:01was to be the finish.
46:02The first is, see to it that Bauer is a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of a man of
46:32The flaming Nazi capital is taken.
46:53The last defenders are hauled from their holes.
46:56Amid the complete ruin, it is difficult to find out what happened to the fallen Nazi idol,
47:00but the full story is pieced together later.
47:03In the basement of the chancellery, Adolf Hitler shoots and kills himself.
47:08Eva takes poison and dies.
47:10Their bodies are burned by Joseph Goebbels and Hitler bodyguard Martin Bormann
47:14and tossed into this ditch in the courtyard outside their death chamber.
47:23Here is Erich Kempka, Hitler's personal chauffeur for many years.
47:27He soaked the bodies in gasoline.
47:30He says,
47:34When I saw the chief for the last time,
47:36I definitely had the feeling that the end was near,
47:39but there was no change in him that you could see,
47:42not in his character nor anything else.
47:45He said goodbye and dismissed me.
47:47Next day, when the chief was dead,
47:49I went on to the bunker just as they were carrying out the corpse.
47:53Then came Martin Bormann with Eva Braun in his arms.
47:56I took her body away from him and carried her along behind Adolf Hitler.
48:00We placed these two bodies side by side in the garden.
48:03I had placed on me the exceptionally difficult moral duty
48:07of pouring petrol on them and setting fire to them.
48:11The corpses burned from half past one until half past seven in the evening.
48:14Joseph Goebbels shoots his six children and has an SS guard shoot his wife and himself.
48:23And the Russians hoist the red flag atop the Brandenburger Gate.
48:26American occupation troops arrive from the west,
48:29hoist the stars and stripes.
48:30Allied leaders, including American generals and Russian generals, take over.
48:40The Third Reich dies in a last convulsive catastrophe.
48:44The guns crackle sporadically.
48:45The Russians are shooting all suspicious persons.
48:47Berlin, May 4th, 1945.
48:56A city of smoldering ruins which, like Phoenix, must rise from the ashes of itself.
49:02Adolf Hitler has left a mark on his country which will be remembered for a thousand years.
49:07The thousand years he said his Third Reich would endure.
49:10Hitler's private mountain lair, Berchtesgarten, shares the fate of Berlin.
49:18The scene of his trysts with Eva Braun is a shambles.
49:22The actors have left the scene forever.
49:25The Nazi leaders are dead or in prison.
49:27And the female lead, Eva herself, is a rotting corpse charred beyond recognition.
49:34And what shall we say of the principal actor?
49:36Hitler, the part-time common laborer whose dream of leading his people to world conquest
49:40ran the gamut of violence, torture, concentration camps, mass death chambers,
49:47and ended in utter destruction.
49:49In death, as in life, Adolf Hitler remains the sinister symbol of tyranny.
49:54The ruthless tyrant whose mad ambition did not stop with the enslavement of his own people,
49:59but stopped only after it had unleashed upon the world the most brutal war in recorded history.
50:06Quiet has returned to the gay patio at the Berghof.
50:13A quiet which, despite the brutal lesson to be learned from the life of Hitler,
50:18has not yet returned to the world.
50:20The horrible specter of man's inhumanity to man still dwells among us.
50:25THE END
50:41THE END
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