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Documentary, Origins The Journey Of Humankind S01E01
#Documentary #Humankind
#Documentary #Humankind
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00:00Fire, no single tool in the human arsenal explains our existence more than fire, from
00:18an animal like any other to the dominant species on earth, because we figured out how to steal
00:25from the heavens and harness the power of the sun. It was a piece of magic so exceptional,
00:32so inexplicable, we told our children it was a gift from the gods and turned it into a myth
00:38to be handed down for thousands of years.
00:55Heat, nourishment, transportation, communication, annihilation.
01:09Fire made us warriors and builders and explorers.
01:16With each advance we paid with our blood, but still we kept going.
01:21And today, when we break through the bonds of earth and escape our cage,
01:27the only thing we see when we look back is the light of our greatest conquest.
01:33Like a flame that cannot be extinguished, the drive within us to create, expand and dominate,
01:39not just this world, but the next, the very spark of humanity starts here with fire.
01:47It's the greatest adventure story ever told. The story of humankind. We're going back in time to
02:07explore some key moments, origin moments that changed the course of our shared history. Moments that showed
02:14how we rebelled against our fate in the animal kingdom and found a way to rise up, to transcend,
02:19to forge a new future in the modern world. It is the biggest question of them all. How did we get here?
02:28How did homo sapiens go from swinging tree to tree, naked apes on a rock floating in space,
02:34to walking on the surface of the moon? There's no way it happens without fire. Fire didn't just
02:42change the course of our history, revolutionize our tools and our technology. Fire fundamentally changed
02:49our biology. As Marshall McLuhan used to say, we build the tools and the tools build us.
02:56But there is one moment in time, an origin moment, when we humans were instantly transformed from the
03:12hunted to the hunter. Imagine life in 12,000 BC. There are no societies, no protections, no guarantees,
03:24just small bands of nomads, wandering the woods of Eurasia, trying to survive in a hostile world.
03:34These people lived in very predator-rich environments. Lots of animals who regarded humans as prey.
03:41Fire was at a tavern. It protected you against predators.
03:51Fire was at a tavern.
03:58Fire was at a tavern.
04:03Fire was at a tavern.
04:06Fire is at a tavern.
04:08Imagine a life so fragile, so fraught with uncertainty.
04:23Only fire offers a chance at survival moment to moment.
04:38This is the moment in time when life, for Homo sapiens, depends on this trick to take control of the natural world and create a weapon to fight back.
05:08Fire gave us the chance at a future.
05:14Don't come! Don't come!
05:31Animals hunt, animals make tools, but only humans have mastered fire.
05:36This was the first great breakthrough that enabled humans to separate ourselves from the other apes.
05:45Once we learned to walk with fire, we began to leave the animal kingdom behind.
05:50Fire became the dominant idea of our species.
05:55Its power cast a spell over us, captivating us.
05:59We were drawn like moths to a flame.
06:01F societica.
06:08W
06:23Let it go.
06:39Luca! Luca!
06:41Luca!
06:43Luca! Luca!
06:49Luca!
06:51Luca!
06:52Luca!
07:13Luca!
07:21Luca!
07:22Luca!
07:23Luca!
07:24Luca!
07:25Luca!
07:26Luca!
07:27Luca!
07:28Luca!
07:29Luca!
07:30Luca!
07:31Luca!
07:32Luca!
07:33Luca!
07:34Luca!
07:35Luca!
07:36Luca!
07:37Luca!
07:38Luca!
07:39Luca!
07:40Luca!
07:41Luca!
07:42Luca!
07:43Luca!
07:44Luca!
07:45Luca!
07:46Luca!
07:47Luca!
07:48Luca!
07:49Luca!
07:50Luca!
07:51Luca!
07:52future on earth.
07:55Cooking did wonderful things for us. It gave us more energy,
07:59free time, small guts, and has enabled us to get
08:03big brains.
08:05The hearth brought everybody together. I mean, everybody gathered around it for warmth.
08:10It's around the fire that people cook their food,
08:13share stories, and become
08:16unified.
08:22The
08:49greatest moment in the history of humanity
08:56is fire. Because fire transformed humanity and human beings in such a fundamental way
09:04that there is nothing else that you can compare it to.
09:09For the first time, humans were able to cook. They could heat food and consume it when it
09:16was hot or warm.
09:19So cooking with fire was wonderful because it meant that the food became soft, it was easily
09:25chewed, and instead of spending five or six or seven hours a day chewing, we spent less
09:30less than an hour a day. All of a sudden, we got four or five hours free. And what do we do
09:35with it?
09:36In a small scale society, the women cook, but the men go out and hunt.
09:45And it enabled us to penetrate a new world that animals have never penetrated.
09:54When you can cook food, you can transform it. And suddenly, you are getting all this nutrition
09:59and your brain starts to grow.
10:01Why is that important? Well, when you start to grow in uterus with your bigger brain, it becomes
10:06much more difficult to give birth. And why is that important?
10:10It's because human beings are the only animals in the world that require assistance giving birth.
10:22You have the origins of social cooperation. That begins to differentiate the herd into a
10:29community because you need language, you need empathy, you need sharing. All these things
10:37are the building blocks of society and communication and communities.
10:47In every small scale society, every open air society nowadays, fire is a huge focus.
10:53It really creates the society.
10:59The fire on the hearth is a part of modern life that we've carried through time.
11:03Whether you're eating around a campfire, in your kitchen, or at a restaurant, you're participating
11:07in one of the essential activities that turned us into the dominant species on Earth.
11:13Cooked food fed our brains, made us smarter, and gave us an edge over the rest of the animal kingdom.
11:19The fires of the hearth made that possible.
11:22We know 30,000 years ago, all across Europe, frankly, all around the world by this point,
11:32all of our ancestral humans had great control of fire.
11:37And they were also using it as a technology.
11:40So wherever they moved, they would have taken this knowledge with them.
11:42And we can see it even as we move forward in time to say about 10,000 years ago in Oregon.
11:52This site is potentially the oldest site in North America.
11:56All the way along this rock face, there are hearths.
12:06Now the oldest hearth we've dated here is about 10,000 years ago.
12:14We've been able to get enough hearths to go all the way from 10,000 and maybe below,
12:19all the way up to probably 3,000.
12:25And we see the changes of the plants they use for firewood.
12:28We see the changes of the seeds that are in the fire hearths.
12:32And so it looked like this probably for the last 7,000 years.
12:36The hearth is the place where people gather, the place where people cook,
12:41the place where people stay warm.
12:44It is a central feature to people's lives.
12:47You reflect on the fact that nothing has really changed over time, has it?
12:54I mean, we're humans.
12:57We're sitting around a fire.
12:59You think about what would it have been like 10,000 years ago
13:02and maybe not a lot different than it is today.
13:06And it's the fire that gets us that connection.
13:09It's the human thread.
13:10Fire gave us a bridge to the future.
13:18Protection against predators improved our chances for survival.
13:23But as our numbers increased, so did the size of our conflicts.
13:27Small skirmishes between tribes grew into enormous battles between mighty armies.
13:35Once again, the deadly power of fire changed the world.
13:40In every age, we have been obsessed with fire.
13:57Cooking revealed the transformative power of the flame.
14:02And so we turned to the natural world and wondered, what else can fire transform?
14:14We began using fire to harden our wooden spears.
14:17But the breakthrough came 7,000 years ago.
14:24We discovered that minerals could be melted down and cast into new forms.
14:31We built bigger and hotter fires.
14:34Superheating the earth in search of new discoveries.
14:38Mixing tin and copper gave us bronze.
14:41A material more potent than anything we knew before.
14:44We now had the power to create a new material world.
14:49This was the beginning of a new age.
14:53The age of metal.
14:58Two and a half million years of stone age tools were suddenly obsolete.
15:03Out of the flames came new materials.
15:07Stronger, lighter, better than their parts.
15:09From copper to bronze, to iron to steel, fire transformed the natural into the extraordinary.
15:18Metal opened up the floodgates to a new world of technology.
15:22We used it to launch empires to build industries.
15:33Transformed weapons, tools, transportation, and ultimately, civilization itself.
15:35Fire gave us metal.
15:36Fire gave us metal.
15:37And metal gave us the modern world.
15:38You can draw a line from the dawn of humankind to the information age.
15:39And it's fire that connects the dots.
15:40Our constant companion in the march of progress.
15:41Our constant companion in the march of progress.
15:42You can draw a line from the dawn of humankind to the information age, and it's fire that connects the dots.
15:44Our constant companion in the march of progress.
16:08progress for centuries we relied on fire for the basics heat food survival then we began to use
16:16flames to bend the world to our will so we had the power to explore other worlds and completely
16:23destroy our own fire lies at the heart of the modern tools of war on bloody displaying conflicts
16:35across the globe the great irony is the moment it happened the origin moment when fire produced the
16:46first shot heard around the world it was the product of our human desire for immortality
16:561232 a.d china's capital kai feng was at the center of the jin dynasty its soldiers fought with the
17:04high-tech weapons of the day iron cased bombs and fire lances their border was under constant attack
17:12chinese needed a miracle in a split second of ingenuity they got one that ushered in the dawn
17:19of modern warfare
17:40The Jin Empire had been under siege by the Mongols for nearly two decades, so the Mongols knew their enemies quite well. They had begun the war under the great Genghis Khan, who had conquered most of Eurasia before his death. The city of Kaifeng was one of the last holdouts for the Jin Dynasty.
18:10K
18:40I'm sorry.
18:42I'm sorry.
18:44I'm sorry.
18:46I'm sorry.
19:10I'm sorry.
19:12I'm sorry.
19:14I'm sorry.
19:44I'm sorry.
20:14I'm sorry.
20:16I'm sorry.
20:18I'm sorry.
20:20I'm sorry.
20:44I'm sorry.
20:49Fireworks have been the hallmark of Chinese Empire since the 7th century.
20:53They were set to ward off evil spirits and chase away the ghosts.
21:00They would become the inspiration for the Jin Dynasty's most terrifying defense against the Mongol hordes.
21:15I'm sorry.
21:19It was a simple concoction.
21:20Charcoal, the product of fire, potassium nitrate and sulfur.
21:23The result?
21:24Black powder.
21:29This invention gave the Chinese a chance against a more powerful enemy and set the path for a new kind of war for the ages.
21:44Move open the gates.
21:45It was raining.
21:47Take 8 years.
21:51Jerry, Mr. Ng Myers is ready to come to run.
21:52Gerry Eddae is ready to come to
22:05Hi, I'm sure not to encourage you to run승 onática.
22:11Let's go.
22:41This humble mixture of saltpeter and sulfur contains one of the most disruptive innovations in the history of mankind.
23:10The irony of gunpowder is that it was first conceived as an elixir of immortality.
23:18So this elixir of immortality became, quite paradoxically, a recipe for mortality.
23:25Once this revolution started, it couldn't be stopped.
23:29Gunpowder originates in China, but it spreads, and it spreads as a tool of war.
23:36The Chinese are first using it against the Mongols, but then the Mongols are using it in the Middle East and then using it in Europe.
23:41And everyone's learning from each other how to use this new technology, how to battle with it.
23:49The transformation of warfare by the introduction of gunpowder in the early Middle Ages was nothing short of momentous.
23:59You had the replacement of bladed weapons by projectile weapons, against which the armor of the medieval knight was powerless.
24:10Commoners with no training whatsoever, let alone high birth, could fire a projectile at them and kill them.
24:19When you're looking at gunpowder, you're seeing modernity.
24:29You're seeing everything from chemistry and its creation.
24:34To the destructive power that it has on the battlefield.
24:43But also in terms of how it destroys old political and social structures.
24:48You move from a world of lords and knights into something new.
24:54Fire gave us life, a way to rebuild our brain and spark our imagination.
24:59With that power, we began to harness fire's destructive potential.
25:03Turned against each other.
25:05But it's dangerous to believe you can command a force of nature.
25:09As we all know, fire can bite back.
25:13Out of its destruction, there can come a rebirth.
25:16To our ancestors, fire was a mysterious force.
25:37There was nothing like it.
25:38Each new generation was taught that it was a gift from the gods.
25:43Because it held a power that could not be explained.
25:47But the true history of fire is stranger than anything we could have imagined.
25:55Billions of years ago, Earth was a sea of molten rock.
26:01Bombarded by meteor impacts.
26:03But fire was nowhere to be found.
26:04But fire was nowhere to be found.
26:08It was missing something that only Earth could provide.
26:14Life.
26:16Over the millennia, as the planet cooled, Earth's great oceans were formed.
26:21Out of the depths came life.
26:23The first organisms, releasing billions of tons of oxygen into the atmosphere.
26:32As life evolved over eons, plants began to colonize the land.
26:36The last ingredient in the recipe were fire.
26:40Soon the Earth's surface was a tinderbox waiting to ignite.
26:44The crack of thunder and lightning would light the spark.
26:47The age of fire had begun.
26:55For 350 million years, fire swept over the planet.
26:59Life on Earth was forced to contend with the monster it had created.
27:04But to one creature, it was more than something to fear.
27:08It was the key to global domination.
27:11To tame it.
27:12To enslave it.
27:13It would sacrifice again and again.
27:16Only to create the modern world out of the ashes of our past.
27:25When we harness the great power of fire and wield it for our own purposes,
27:30it makes us feel as though immortality is within our grasp.
27:34It's intoxicating.
27:35You see it in all of our creations and our conquests.
27:38But that monster still lurks.
27:40For every advance we have made, fire still reminds us of our place on Earth.
27:44Even today, no matter how advanced we think we are,
27:48no matter how far into the future we project ourselves,
27:50we are helpless when exposed to unexpected fire.
27:54But we survive.
27:55We come back bigger, stronger, smarter.
27:57Some of the great cities, the most modern societies of their time,
28:01Rome, Constantinople, Munich, Moscow, all were ravaged by fires.
28:07The one that really changed the way we live, even to today, was the great fire of London in 1666.
28:16This is the fire that changed the world.
28:18London in the 17th century was really like a small village in many ways.
28:26It was made of wood.
28:27The houses were really close together.
28:29The streets were all windy and higgledy-piggledy.
28:32You knew everyone.
28:33You were really close to your neighbors.
28:35But it meant that it was disgusting.
28:37It was dirty.
28:38It was smelly.
28:39It was unsanitary.
28:39But all that was about to change with the great fire of London.
28:49Sorry I'm late.
28:50No, you're just in time.
28:52Yeah.
28:55Hi, darling.
28:57Were you last night living under this roof?
29:00I've got something for you.
29:09I love it so much.
29:18Can't believe my daughter's getting married tomorrow.
29:21Should be all right.
29:23Won't you, darling?
29:23Of course.
29:28Tens of thousands of families in London lived very much like this.
29:32In wooden homes, one on top of the other.
29:35With open flames to keep them warm.
29:39One of the most sophisticated cities in the world,
29:43it was also an unregulated tinderbox of urban sprawl.
29:48Fire!
29:49Wake up!
29:50Look at that!
29:57The bakery's on fire!
29:59The money's spreading!
30:00Fast!
30:03We've got to run!
30:04Grab everything you can!
30:05Come on!
30:08Take the fucking...
30:09Oh, no!
30:11No, no, no!
30:12No, no!
30:17Oh!
30:18You've got...
30:20Yeah.
30:20Follow me!
30:24Come on!
30:25Come on!
30:26In 1666, there were no firefighters, only buckets.
30:48There were no civil servants with a plan to keep citizens safe.
30:54My dress!
30:56No one was coming to save you, or your belongings.
30:59They just come back!
31:01Andrew!
31:26The Great Fire of London was like a firecracker going off.
31:31It cleansed everything.
31:33The Great Fire of London was like a firecracker going off.
31:38The Great Fire of London was like a firecracker going off.
31:45The Great Fire of London was like a firecracker going off.
31:50It cleansed everything.
31:52The actual physical devastation was huge.
31:57Over 90 churches were burned, over 13,000 houses went up in flames, and 100,000 people were made homeless.
32:04The Great Fire of London was one of those opportunities to rebuild, not just physically, but mentally.
32:11It coincides with the scientific revolution, and it's really an opportunity to start from scratch.
32:16It's extraordinary how a really terrible event can often lead to something wonderful.
32:26Although almost four-fifths of London were destroyed, the rebuilding of it became one of the great engines of the Enlightenment.
32:35And certainly helped to fuel the Industrial Revolution, because it gave people the confidence to rely on the things that made that revolution.
32:44Belief in science, belief in math, belief in engineering.
32:47The idea that humans can improve their surroundings and build on what they know.
32:51And all of that came out of this terrible event.
32:58London rose like a phoenix from the ashes.
33:00And with the new construction came new ideas that would be employed the world over.
33:05Urban planning, building safety codes and regulations, sanitation and civil services like fire departments.
33:11Within decades, London was the largest city in Europe, and the blueprint for a new world driven by the Industrial Revolution.
33:19This seismic change gave birth to the world we live in today.
33:23The London Fire gave us a second chance.
33:25It allowed us to reimagine cities and rethink the way we live together in an urban environment.
33:30London, New York, Tokyo, Dubai, Shanghai.
33:34These aren't just cities.
33:36They are symbols of our sophistication, our ingenuity, our humanity.
33:40And fire had another gift for us.
33:42By using it to release the energy trapped in fossil fuels like oil and coal,
33:47we had the means to heat our homes and create the most powerful machines.
33:51Suddenly we're creating industries, economies, modernity.
33:55But like all the gifts of fire, that magic comes with a price.
34:00Drilling into a vein of coal is extremely dangerous.
34:09Between 1870 and the present day in Pennsylvania, 35,150 men and boys were killed in mining accidents.
34:18I had two uncles who were killed in collapses of the roof and were crushed to death.
34:23A lot of times they never dug you out, they just left you in here and it became your grave.
34:28In this part of Pennsylvania, in that corridor from Scranton to Dauphin County where the anthracite coal fields lie,
34:38these are the richest coal fields in all of the world for anthracite coal.
34:43In the 1860s, we supplied all the fuel for the Union Navy during the Civil War.
34:49World War I, once again, supplying coal for the ships.
34:53We heated the country. We heated the country for 200 years.
35:04Unlike wood or waste, coal can burn for a very long time and at very high temperatures.
35:09This sparked our human imagination and ingenuity.
35:13We created machines that we could feed this power.
35:16Steam engines ushered in the Industrial Revolution, which led to the invention of the locomotive.
35:22And on and on to the modern world.
35:24Fire is a force of nature. A force we can't always contain.
35:33We can't give it up. We won't give it up.
35:36Because we get so much out of it.
35:38By tapping the power of fire, we become closer as a species.
35:43It's made us smarter, safer. It's brought us together, united us around our inventions.
35:49It's allowed us to make the world smaller and smaller and take us anywhere on Earth we can dream and beyond.
35:55Right now, fire is fueling our dreams of a new life across the universe.
36:00It's quite the trick to take the most destructive power on Earth and turn it into a tool for reaching the heavens.
36:24But that's exactly what we've done over the course of human history.
36:28Steam engine, turbine, internal combustion.
36:31Once we get going, my friends, we don't stop. We just dream bigger than ever before.
36:38We have always used fire to push the boundaries of our human limitations.
36:42To go faster, higher, farther.
36:45Today, we routinely launch rockets into space, sending satellites into orbit or robot explorers deeper into the unknown.
36:53But to do it the first time, to make it work in that origin moment,
36:57it took serious ingenuity, imagination, persistence.
37:02It took a man named Robert Goddard, an engineer, physicist, teacher and inventor.
37:07He put his life's work to the test in the 1920s.
37:12The American scientist, Robert Goddard, I think was truly the pioneer of rocket technology, a dreamer.
37:19Looking up into the skies, thinking of where rockets might take mankind, but overlooked in his time.
37:24Goddard filed two landmark patents on rocketry that were registered by the U.S. government in 1914.
37:43A decade later, he married his wife, Esther, and began to test his bold ideas.
37:50Hi! Sorry I'm late!
37:53Doubles with the camera!
37:54No problem!
37:56The fact that he was who knows that he was calling red.
38:01He was claiming that he had successfully tested liquid fueled rockets over the years, but was attempting to scale up his experiment,
38:07to find out if his dreams of space were even possible.
38:13Okay, here goes.
38:43Damn it!
39:05Great men take knocks, Robert.
39:11Great men push through all odds to accomplish their visions.
39:19That's what makes them great.
39:22So tell me, why didn't it work?
39:33For two years, Goddard worked to answer his wife's question.
39:37The problem was getting the fuel to the fire.
39:39He'd been using piston pumps, like the automobile.
39:44His failures led him to a new path, a pressurized fuel feed system, a trick we still use in liquid
39:53propellant engines today.
39:55Are we ready?
39:59As ready as we'll ever be.
40:03He also tried a steering mechanism using veins in the exhaust flow controlled by a gyroscope.
40:09Come on.
40:10Come on.
40:11Come on.
40:12They'll be fine.
40:16You'll be fine.
40:23You'll be fine.
40:24Yeah.
40:26I don't know.
40:56I don't know.
41:26But if we hadn't had the V-2 rocket, perhaps we might not have had the space program.
41:36We wouldn't have had rockets delivering astronauts into space, delivering satellites, revolutionizing our whole communication system.
41:46Goddard's experiments were some of the most high-tech, sophisticated projects of their day.
41:53He took humanity another step forward.
41:55We walked with fire.
41:57Then we found a way to trap it, to use its power for our own desires.
42:01Our advancement runs parallel to our relationship with fire.
42:05Charcoal, gunpowder, coal, oil.
42:08The next great step may be fusion.
42:11That is, recreating how stars transform matter into energy.
42:15Mind-blowing.
42:16Fusion as an energy source is very attractive.
42:22It would be a carbon-free energy source that could power mankind forever.
42:26The challenge is, is making fusion work.
42:29At the National Ignition Facility, what we're trying to do is overcome a natural barrier that nature has set up for atoms to fuse together.
42:43The idea behind fusion is the two atoms that you try to put together, those cores have the same charge and they repel one another, just like the two parts of a magnet tend to repel each other.
42:58One of our main goals is to achieve thermonuclear fusion, to start a fusion fire in the laboratory, like the process that's going on in the sun.
43:06In order to create those conditions on Earth, we have to concentrate a tremendous amount of energy in a very tiny volume.
43:13And so, we've built the world's biggest laser.
43:18So, this facility is the size of three football fields.
43:22It's filled with lasers and we concentrate all those lasers into a tiny target, you know, about the size of the tip of your pinky.
43:29So, this is a NIF target, this is the thing we put at the center of the chamber in order to do an experiment.
43:37And all 192 beams hit this target.
43:40So, 96 beams come in from the top, 96 beams come in from the bottom, and all that energy ends up in this little tiny target in order to start the fusion reaction.
43:51If we do that in just the right way, we have calculations that say we should be able to get more energy out than we put into this implosion and light a fusion fire that could actually power power plants and put energy on the grid.
44:07So, where we are today on the National Mission Facility with regard to ignition is we're creating a lot of fusion events where we take atoms and we force them together and we see the energy released.
44:18It's kind of like a sparking match being applied to a bonfire.
44:22You haven't yet caught the fuel on fire in such a way that the whole thing burns.
44:26What you're getting are isolated events happening within the bonfire stack.
44:30So, we see the beginnings of the sparks, but we're not there yet with the bonfire.
44:33So, if we were successful at showing fusion is feasible, from my point of view, would be a defining moment, much like the demonstration of flight with the Wright Brothers plane.
44:46In a similar way, if we get ignition on NIF, we've now harnessed the same processes that power the sun.
44:52So, we will have the opportunity before us to move from the very first beginnings of fire where we hit stones together to make sparks to harnessing the power of the sun.
45:01That's an exciting possibility for humankind.
45:09We are a fire species, and these are the stories that have made us human.
45:15This is our evolution, the never-ending journey.
45:18We have only our past to help us navigate and face our future.
45:22When we captured fire for the first time, we set upon a path that would redefine our species and forge the modern world.
45:34It became so central to our lives that we even began to revere it as a god.
45:40It drove the evolution of our culture, of our technology, and even of our biology.
45:50Seizing fire didn't just transform us.
45:56It gave us the power to transform reality, to create light, to create heat, to shape the earth to our own design, and rise to the top of the food chain.
46:09Fire created the world as we know it.
46:12It gave us humans the power to create, to destroy.
46:16We used that power to give ourselves superhuman strength and speed, breaking our bond with Mother Earth.
46:26No longer do we carry fire.
46:31Fire carries us.
46:46Fire carries us.
46:47Fire carries us.
46:48Fire carries us.
46:49Fire carries us.
46:50Fire carries us.
46:51Fire carries us.
46:52Fire carries us.
46:53Fire carries us.
46:54Fire carries us.
46:55Fire carries us.
46:56Fire carries us.
46:57Fire carries us.
46:58Fire carries us.
46:59Fire carries us.
47:00Fire carries us.
47:01Fire carries us.
47:02Fire carries us.
47:03Fire carries us.
47:04Fire carries us.
47:05Fire carries us.
47:06Fire carries us.
47:07Fire carries us.
47:08Fire carries us.
47:09Fire carries us.
47:10Fire carries us.
47:11Fire carries us.
47:12Fire carries us.
47:13Fire carries us.
47:14Fire carries us.
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