00:00Here are five amazing facts about philosophy.
00:03Socrates, one of the most influential philosophers of all time, never wrote anything down.
00:09Ideas were recorded by a student Plato, who wrote down their conversations in the form
00:13of dialogues, such as the Apology and the Republic.
00:16The word philosophy literally means love of wisdom in Greek.
00:20It was coined by Pythagoras, and it reflects the pursuit of knowledge and understanding
00:25rather than the blind acceptance of dogma or superstition.
00:28One of the most famous thought experiments in philosophy is the trolley problem.
00:33First introduced by Philippa Foot in 1967, it asks whether it's morally permissible to
00:38sacrifice.
00:40One life to save many.
00:42The thought experiment is still used today to debate utilitarianism and other ethical theories.
00:48Existentialist philosophers like Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir argued that humans are
00:54condemned to be free.
00:55This means that we don't have an inherent purpose or meaning in an indifferent universe, and
01:01therefore we must create our own.
01:03Finally, Eastern philosophy actually predates Western philosophy by several centuries.
01:09While Western philosophy traces its roots back to the Greek philosopher, Talese of Miletus
01:15in the 6th century BCE, Stern traditions, like Confucianism in China and Vedanta in India,
01:22began much earlier and offer insights into ethics.
01:26Metaphysics and the Nature of Reality
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