- 20/4/2025
Chuyến bay 3296 của PenAir là chuyến bay theo lịch trình nội địa từ Sân bay quốc tế Ted Stevens Anchorage ở Anchorage , Alaska , đến Sân bay Unalaska trên Đảo Aleutian thuộc Chuỗi đảo Alaska. Vào ngày 17 tháng 10 năm 2019, chiếc Saab 2000 điều hành chuyến bay đã chạy quá đường băng sau khi hạ cánh tại sân bay đích. Trong số 42 hành khách và phi hành đoàn trên máy bay, một hành khách (được xác định là David Allan Oltman) đã tử vong khi một cánh quạt đâm vào thân máy bay , một người bị thương nặng và mười người bị thương nhẹ. Máy bay bị hư hỏng đáng kể trong vụ tai nạn và bị xóa sổ. Đây là vụ tai nạn hàng không thương mại cuối cùng tại Hoa Kỳ có người tử vong cho đến Chuyến bay 5342 của American Airlines vào năm 2025.
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TiviPhụ đề
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02:23There are 39 passengers on today's flight, including a high school swim team and their chaperones
02:30Commercial pilot Steve Rainey is escorting his son Jacob
02:34We were on the flight to go to a swim meet. We'd worked really hard raising the money for the trip, it was a big deal
02:43It's a two-hour flight from Anchorage to Onalaska Airport, also known as Dutch Harbor
02:50The journey crosses some of the most rugged and isolated terrain in the world
02:57The flight is over a spectacular part of Alaska
03:01The entire Alaska Peninsula is in view
03:05It's a great view
03:07Go grab a window seat further back
03:09My son did move to a couple rows back
03:14So that he could get that view too
03:16The pilots are flying a Swedish-made Saab 2000
03:23Saab 2000 is a twin-engine turbojet aircraft
03:28It seats approximately 50 people
03:31It's a good aircraft for reaching remote communities in Alaska
03:37Dutch Ops 3296
03:3930 minutes before landing
03:41The first officer contacts the weather observer at Unalaska Airport
03:45For the latest conditions
03:47Hello 3296
03:49Right now winds 210 at 6 knots, gusting to 14
03:55Temperature 8, dew point 1
03:57Altimeter 29er 50
04:00All right, copy the weather
04:02The airport at Dutch Harbor has a short runway
04:07Vulnerable to severe and unpredictable weather
04:10Pilots need special training to land here
04:14The terrain around the area in Dutch Harbor is mountainous
04:18Though wind conditions can change in seconds
04:22Turbulence can be bad
04:23Icing can be bad
04:24So we have dedicated weather observers
04:27That is invaluable
04:30What did she say the wind was?
04:33The wind was 2-1-0
04:35Pretty much a direct crosswind
04:37I guess we can go ahead and start heading down
04:41All right
04:42Peninsula 3296, are you planning on RNAV runway 3-1?
04:5820 minutes before landing
05:00Anchorage Air Traffic Control asks the pilots about their runway preference
05:04Affirmative
05:05Negative
05:06We want the RNAV 1-3 Peninsula 3296
05:12An Alaska airport is on an island
05:15Tucked behind a 1600 foot mountain
05:18Planes can land in either direction
05:21Runway 1-3 from the west
05:23Or runway 3-1 from the east
05:25Most pilots would prefer to use runway 1-3
05:29Basically because they have more room to maneuver
05:32More room to escape if you got to punch out
05:35Or you got to go around
05:36And just like the other day
05:38If there's any major changes in the wind
05:41We'll just, we'll switch
05:42We always prepare for the worst and hope for the best
05:47Minimize risk
05:48That's what we do
05:49Ladies and gentlemen
05:54In order to...
05:5512 miles from the airport
05:57Passengers prepare for landing
05:58All right
06:05Flaps 20
06:07Flight attendant is secure
06:08Flaps set 20
06:11Indicating 20
06:13Gear down
06:15Four minutes from the airport
06:18The crew begins the landing procedure
06:20Down 3 green
06:23At less than a thousand feet
06:28The plane is rocked by turbulence
06:33Ah, bump
06:36There's a bit of a bump there too
06:39Yeah
06:40Yeah, there you go
06:42It's gonna be ugly in here, isn't it?
06:45Hmm
06:46Paul was fighting the winds
06:48As they were coming in
06:50Seconds from touchdown
06:54Captain Wells notices he's too high
06:57For a safe landing
06:58An updraft main
07:00Causes you to balloon
07:01So that causes you to go high
07:03What do you think?
07:05Go around
07:06At Dutch Harbor
07:07I don't take chances
07:09If we're high
07:10We're going around
07:12Max power
07:14I would not have been able
07:26To safely
07:27Get back down
07:28Without
07:29Putting people
07:30At horrible risk
07:32The pilot pulled up
07:35And went around
07:36I was assuming
07:37It was because
07:38Of visibility
07:39Issues
07:41Dutch Harbor traffic
07:42Peninsula 3296
07:44Going around
07:45We're gonna come back around
07:46For a visual
07:46We were continuing
07:49With terrain
07:50Lower layer of clouds
07:52And maintaining safe airspeed
07:55You're very busy
07:56Scanning inside
07:57And outside
07:57Of the airplane
07:58It only takes
08:02Three minutes
08:03Before the pilots
08:04Of Penn Air
08:04Flight 3296
08:06Are ready
08:06To attempt
08:07Another landing
08:08If we couldn't
08:09Land on this attempt
08:10Then we would go
08:11To our alternate airport
08:12200
08:13Plus 10
08:15You got it?
08:15Got it
08:16The pilots are seconds
08:18From touching down
08:19Take rate
08:27Yeah I know
08:28Seemed like we floated
08:32Down the runway
08:32Quite a bit
08:33Which didn't
08:35Alarm me too much
08:36Down
08:43Okay you got the yoke
08:45I got it
08:46Yeah we're down there
08:4780 knots
08:47As the captain
08:49Begins slowing the plane
08:50Something isn't right
08:53I was pushing
08:55On the brakes harder
08:56And noticing that
08:58I'm not getting
08:59Any more effect
09:00From the brakes
09:01When I saw
09:03The wind suck
09:04The wind was
09:05Definitely strong
09:06And at that point
09:08All alarm bells
09:10Went off in me
09:11Brakes
09:12I got them
09:14All the way down
09:15The pilots
09:17Cannot reduce
09:18Their plane's speed
09:19I had to make
09:22A decision
09:22On whether
09:22To continue
09:23The landing
09:23Or abort
09:24In an instant
09:25I realized
09:26That no
09:27There's not enough
09:27Room to get
09:28The aircraft
09:29Airborne again
09:29In the cabin
09:31Steve Rainey
09:32Notices too
09:33Brakes
09:34Everyone break
09:36I actually
09:38Went in the
09:40Brace position
09:40And I told
09:42The passengers
09:42Around me
09:43To brace
09:43Hang on
09:45I'm sliding
09:46The plane is
09:50Swerving
09:50Back and forth
09:51I thought
09:53I was going
09:53I was going to
09:53Be able to
09:54Turn off
09:54Into the
09:55Taxi area
09:56But I was
09:57Going too fast
09:58The pilots
09:59Are running
10:00Out of runway
10:01All I could
10:02See is water
10:03The pilots
10:07Of Penn Air
10:08Flight 3296
10:09Are unable
10:10To stop
10:11Their airplane
10:11I saw
10:13The perimeter
10:14Road
10:14And I
10:14Told Paul
10:16Go right
10:16Go right
10:16The only option
10:18Was the road
10:19The plane
10:22Crashes through
10:22A fence
10:23Strikes a boulder
10:24And is propelled
10:25Towards the water
10:26That destroyed
10:29Our exit plan
10:30They have only
10:32A few seconds
10:32To stop
10:33And all I could
10:35Think of
10:35Was we're
10:36Going to
10:36Go in
10:36The left
10:37Engine
10:37Strikes a signal
10:38Post and road
10:39Sign
10:40Shattering the
10:40Propellers
10:41Into deadly
10:42Fragments
10:42Holy crap
10:47We need
10:49To evacuate
10:50Evacuate
10:52Right hand
10:53Side
10:54Get out
10:54And get away
10:55In the cabin
10:56It's eerily
10:57Quiet
10:58I can feel
11:00Blood running
11:00Down my face
11:01And my shoulder
11:03Was sore
11:04And my head
11:05Hurt
11:06It was very
11:08Very surreal
11:09A propeller
11:11Blade
11:11Has pierced
11:12The cabin
11:13And struck
11:14Steve Rainey
11:14There was
11:15A propeller
11:16Blade
11:16Stuck
11:17Up in
11:18The ceiling
11:19Right up
11:20Against me
11:20Jacob
11:22Get off
11:23The plane
11:23Don't wait
11:24For me
11:25Steve's son
11:26Jacob
11:26Is lucky
11:27To walk
11:27Away from
11:28The accident
11:28Unharmed
11:29He would
11:31Not have
11:32Survived
11:32In the seat
11:33Next to me
11:34Because the blade
11:35Was literally
11:36Right there
11:37But a passenger
11:39Near him
11:39Is severely
11:40Injured
11:40I had
11:43Had a fair
11:44Amount of training
11:44Because of my job
11:46And so it was
11:47More or less
11:48An automatic
11:48Reflex
11:49To go over
11:50And you know
11:51Check for his pulse
11:52See if he's still
11:53Breathing
11:53Within minutes
11:56Emergency responders
11:57Arrive
11:58And transport
11:59Ten injured
11:59Passengers
12:00To hospital
12:0138 year old
12:04Passenger
12:04David Oltman
12:05Later succumbs
12:06To his injuries
12:07In ten years
12:09He's one of only
12:10Two people
12:11To be killed
12:12On a domestic
12:12Flight
12:13In the United States
12:14I was met
12:16In the hospital
12:17By a doctor
12:18And they told me
12:19He hadn't made it
12:20And that was
12:20A crushing blow
12:22Investigators
12:25From the NTSB
12:26The National
12:26Transportation Safety Board
12:28Are dispatched
12:29To the area
12:29As the plane
12:30Is hoisted
12:31Onto a barge
12:32And taken
12:32To a secure location
12:33We weren't able
12:35To offload it
12:35The next day
12:36Because of the weather
12:37So it took a day
12:38To get the airplane
12:40Secured
12:40We're on record
12:44At 5.46pm
12:45Investigators
12:48Are eager
12:48To interview
12:49The pilot
12:49Memories tend
12:51To fade
12:52And they tend
12:53To change
12:53So we want
12:54To get to
12:55The information
12:56As soon as possible
12:57I didn't even
12:58Have any sleep
12:58Before I showed up
12:59For that interview
12:59And so
13:00You're not
13:01You know
13:02You're not
13:02100% clear
13:03Okay
13:04Take us
13:07Through the events
13:07Leading up to the accident
13:08Um
13:09Everything was
13:13Normal
13:14Just a
13:14Nice flight
13:16Everything was going fine
13:18Until it wasn't
13:20And this is
13:20Pretty common
13:21When we
13:22Talk to pilots
13:23After accidents
13:24When I went
13:26To turn off
13:26The anti-ice
13:27I got out of
13:28Position on final
13:29Captain Wells
13:31Explains
13:32That the plane
13:33Was hit by an
13:34Updraft
13:34Just as he took
13:35His eyes
13:36Off the gauges
13:36What do you think
13:42Go around
13:43Max Bauer
13:46We were too high
13:51And instead of
13:53Doing the
13:54Stabilized approach
13:55And continue
13:56To the runway
13:57We elected
13:59To go around
13:59So you're now
14:01Set up for
14:02A second landing
14:02Do you remember
14:05Your speed at
14:05Touchdown
14:06126
14:09And where
14:14Did you
14:14Touchdown
14:15I planted it
14:16Pretty much
14:17On the thousand
14:18Right on the
14:18Touchdown zone
14:19Put it in reverse
14:21And then I noticed
14:23It had stopped
14:23Accelerating
14:24I pushed down
14:26As hard as I could
14:27But there's no
14:29Response from the
14:30Brakes
14:30Brakes
14:31I got them
14:34All the way
14:34Down
14:35No response
14:37Exactly
14:38Zero braking
14:40Like on ice
14:41That was puzzling
14:45We knew we had
14:46To look at the
14:46Braking system
14:47To understand
14:48What was occurring
14:48There
14:49Did you get an
14:51Update from
14:52The weather observer
14:52Yes
14:53They said
14:54Anywhere from
14:5610 to 20 knots
14:57The winds were
14:58Changing
14:59Any concerns
15:00At all on
15:01The second approach
15:02The winds were
15:05Dying down
15:06On the water
15:06It looked like
15:08A direct crosswind
15:09I
15:11Had no doubt
15:14That this was
15:14Going to be
15:14A fine approach
15:15The captain
15:18Said that he
15:18Believed that
15:19They were flying
15:19Into a crosswind
15:20And was confident
15:22In that approach
15:23Your FO did the
15:25Pre-flight on the
15:26Aircraft
15:27He did
15:27Did he bring
15:29Anything to your
15:30Attention at all
15:31That was
15:32Out of the ordinary
15:33He did actually
15:35He noticed
15:37Something with
15:37One of the tires
15:38Pre-flight inspection
15:49Complete
15:49Any issues
15:50Bold spot
15:52On the
15:53Left outboard
15:54Investigators
15:56Learned that
15:56A pre-flight
15:57Inspection
15:57Of flight
15:583296
15:59Revealed a
16:00Worn tire
16:01On the
16:01Left outboard
16:02Wheel
16:02It's not
16:03Showing any
16:04Cord
16:04I'm not
16:06Worried about
16:06It
16:06It was not
16:09Down past
16:10The red line
16:10On the tire
16:11And didn't
16:12To me
16:12Appear to be
16:13Of any concern
16:13I've had
16:15Maintenance
16:16Come to look
16:16At tires
16:17That are in
16:18Very similar
16:18Conditions to
16:19This tire
16:20They've basically
16:21Said it's within
16:22Serviceable limits
16:23And you can
16:24Continue your
16:24Flight
16:24Have you reached
16:27Any conclusion
16:28Just in your
16:29Own head
16:30About what you
16:30Think went
16:32Wrong or may
16:32Have happened
16:33If I had to
16:35Make my best
16:36Guess
16:36I don't think
16:39It was brake
16:39Failure
16:40I think more
16:42Than likely
16:43It was one
16:45Of those showers
16:45That put down
16:46Some sleet
16:46Or hail
16:47On the runway
16:48And I just
16:50Couldn't see it
16:51That's the
16:54Only thing
16:56I can think of
16:57Anything else
17:00You would
17:00Like to add
17:01I can't be
17:09More proud
17:09I'm sorry
17:13Take your time
17:15I couldn't be
17:22More proud
17:22Of my crew
17:23The captain
17:26Did get
17:27Rather emotional
17:28Given his
17:29Involvement
17:29In the accident
17:30So they
17:39Came in on
17:39Runway 13
17:40And the pilot
17:42Said his air
17:43Speed was
17:43126 knots
17:45And they
17:45Touched down
17:46At the
17:461000 foot mark
17:47Why did
17:48Flight 3296
17:50Come off
17:51The runway
17:51At that speed
17:54They should have
17:54Been able to
17:55Stop well
17:55Before the end
17:56Of the runway
17:56Specifically for
17:59Runway overruns
18:00Were looking at
18:01How the airplane
18:02Was configured
18:03What those runway
18:04Links were
18:05As well as
18:06What it takes
18:07Operationally
18:08To fly that
18:08Airplane
18:09Into the airport
18:10What were the
18:11Runway conditions
18:12Was there rain
18:16Ice
18:17Snow
18:18Anything on that
18:19Runway that
18:20Would have
18:20Prevented the
18:21Airplane from
18:22Stopping on
18:23Its surface
18:23No rain
18:26Seven degrees
18:27So hydroplaning
18:29Is out of the
18:30Question
18:30Too warm
18:32For ice
18:32To form
18:32Investigators
18:35Eliminate the
18:35Captain's theory
18:36Weather conditions
18:38Did not make
18:39The runway slippery
18:40In this case
18:42The runway
18:43Wasn't contaminated
18:44But there was
18:45Plenty of information
18:46That the runway
18:47Can tell us
18:48What about
18:49Debris skid marks
18:50Where are we at
18:51With the runway
18:51Survey
18:52Got it here
18:53The team
18:55Looks for any
18:56Evidence left
18:57Behind on the runway
18:58The runway
19:00Evidence was critical
19:01We walked the runway
19:03Numerous times
19:04We documented
19:06The heck out
19:06Of the runway
19:06Starting at
19:081,835 feet
19:10Past the threshold
19:11We've got a
19:12Dark 170 foot
19:13Long skid mark
19:14Then there's
19:15Further skidding
19:15Down the runway
19:16Skid marks
19:17On the tarmac
19:18Are made
19:18When the wheels
19:19Lock
19:20Then the plane
19:22Crosses the
19:23Center line
19:23To the right
19:24And then
19:24Straightens out
19:25Which tire
19:27Skidded?
19:29Based on the
19:30Position of the
19:30Skid mark
19:31So for tire
19:33Left side
19:34The Saab 2000
19:37Has four main
19:38Wheels that
19:39Break
19:39Why would only
19:41One of them
19:41Skid?
19:47Wasn't that
19:48The one
19:48With the bald spot?
19:50Yep
19:50The tire mark
19:52Was a continuous
19:53Black mark
19:54It didn't have
19:55Any tread marks
19:55On it
19:56So we knew
19:56Right off the bat
19:58That the tire
19:59Was skidding
20:00On the bald spot
20:01And not on the tread
20:02We also found
20:07Tire fragments
20:08Here
20:10So the tire blew
20:13Yeah
20:14Hold on
20:19That's one heck
20:21Of a long skid
20:22Even a brand new
20:23Tire would have blown
20:24The fact that
20:26The airplane
20:26Was skidding
20:27On the bald spot
20:28May have caused it
20:30To burst a fraction
20:31Of a second earlier
20:32But in the end
20:33It wasn't a
20:34Contributing factor
20:36This shouldn't happen
20:37The plane has
20:38An anti-skid system
20:39The anti-skid system
20:43Is activated
20:43When one of the
20:44Sensors
20:45On the four main
20:45Wheels
20:46Detects a skid
20:47The brake pressure
20:49Is released
20:49Either on both
20:51Inboard wheels
20:51Or both
20:52Outboard wheels
20:53Ensuring the plane
20:54Remains stable
20:55While allowing the
20:56Other two wheels
20:57To slow the plane
20:58After we first
21:01Noticed that
21:01There was a flat spot
21:02And a hole
21:03In the tire
21:04We were immediately
21:06Drawn to the
21:07Anti-skid system
21:08Because that's the
21:08Purpose of the
21:09Anti-skid system
21:10To stop skids
21:11Did the system fail
21:14Causing flight 3296
21:16To run off the runway
21:18Any news
21:22It's gonna take some time
21:25For the technicians
21:25To break down
21:26And test those brakes
21:27Like you said
21:28That is a long skid
21:30Why would they need
21:31To break so hard
21:32For so long
21:33In the meantime
21:35Investigators consider
21:36Other theories
21:37About the long skid marks
21:39Overweight
21:41Could the plane
21:43Have exceeded
21:44Its maximum
21:45Allowable landing weight
21:46Requiring the pilot
21:47To break harder
21:48Than usual
21:49A heavier airplane
21:51Essentially has
21:52More inertia
21:53So when a heavier
21:55Airplane comes in
21:56To land
21:57It would take
21:57Longer to stop
21:59According to the manifest
22:02The captain calculated
22:03Their landing weight
22:04At 45,213 pounds
22:07And the maximum
22:11Allowable
22:1246,114
22:16900 pounds under
22:23Close but
22:25Within the limits
22:26The airplane was
22:29Not overloaded
22:30And we could rule out
22:32An overweight airplane
22:34As a contributing factor
22:35For this event
22:36What else might cause
22:38A pilot to break
22:39So hard
22:40The captain said
22:42That they had
22:43A crosswind
22:44But maybe the direction
22:46Changed to a tailwind
22:47A tailwind during landing
22:50Essentially means
22:51That you were moving
22:51Faster over the ground
22:53Than you normally would
22:54So you would take up
22:55More space on the runway
22:56To safely stop
22:57The automated weather system
23:00Only gives hourly reports
23:01Real time updates
23:03Come from a weather observer
23:04At the airport
23:05I'll deal with that
23:07I'll go help
23:08With the anti-skid system
23:09Could flight 3296
23:13Have been hit
23:14By an unexpected
23:15Gust of wind
23:16Causing it to land
23:17Too fast
23:18And overshoot
23:19The runway
23:20Thanks for coming in
23:27You bet
23:28Investigators question
23:30The on-site weather observer
23:32At Analaska airport
23:33About the wind conditions
23:36When Penn Air flight 3296
23:38Landed
23:38So first
23:40How early do you start
23:42Providing crews
23:43With weather data?
23:45About 20 to 30 minutes out
23:46And up until when?
23:48Two to three miles out
23:49Dutch harbor is a very unique airport
23:51The topography around the runway
23:54Actually lends to
23:56Very rapidly changing weather conditions
23:58And so a weather observer
24:00On the ground
24:01Provides the ability
24:02To get updated information
24:05To pilots
24:06As it's happening
24:07And what was the weather like
24:10At the airport
24:11When Penn Air was on approach?
24:12There was a storm coming in
24:13But at the time
24:14It was clear
24:14And what about the wind
24:18On the first attempt?
24:23Two seven zero degrees
24:25At ten knots
24:27Looks like a crosswind
24:29And second attempt?
24:31About three minutes out
24:32The wind shifted around
24:33To two nine zero
24:36At sixteen knots
24:38Gusting to thirty knots
24:39Thirty knot tailwind?
24:42Mm-hmm
24:42That would be an excessive tailwind
24:45If a pilot decides to land
24:47With that tailwind
24:48You essentially become
24:50A test pilot
24:50What about when they landed?
24:53What was the tailwind then?
24:56The winds were
24:57Fifteen knots
24:58Investigators confirm
25:01Their suspicions
25:02About a tailwind
25:04On landing
25:04Thank you for your time
25:06My pleasure
25:07One danger
25:11Associated with landing
25:12In a tailwind
25:13Is excessive ground speed
25:15Which potentially
25:17Puts you in a situation
25:18Where you run out of runway
25:20To safely stop the airplane
25:22What's the Saab 2000
25:32Max tailwind
25:33For landing?
25:34Was a fifteen knot tailwind
25:36Too much
25:37For the Saab to manage?
25:40Fifteen knots
25:41Right at the limit
25:43Why would they risk it?
25:52Down
25:53Okay, you got the yoke
25:55I got it
25:55Yeah, we're down there
25:56Investigators now know
25:58The pilots of Penn Air 3296
26:00Approached a difficult airport
26:02In tricky conditions
26:04Touching down
26:05With a tailwind
26:06Nearing the plane's limits
26:07Brakes
26:09I got them all the way down
26:12Okay
26:19Weight roughly 45,000 pounds
26:22Speed at touchdown
26:23126 knots
26:25Investigators calculate
26:26How a fifteen knot tailwind
26:28Affects the pilot's ability
26:30To stop
26:31Our aircraft performance group
26:33Developed several scenarios
26:35To understand whether
26:37An aircraft would be able to stop
26:39Given those circumstances
26:40Tailwind
26:41Fifteen knots
26:42Flaps
26:43Twenty
26:43And let's do a loss of
26:46Half of the braking power
26:47Because of the skid
26:47When the left outboard tire
26:51Began to skid
26:52The Saab's anti-skid system
26:55Would have released
26:55Brake pressure
26:56To both outboard wheels
26:58Drastically reducing
26:59Braking power
27:00They had room to spare
27:08With a tailwind
27:11Of fifteen knots
27:11And two working brakes
27:12The plane could have stopped
27:14What are we missing
27:18Let's look at the FDR data
27:22Hold on a sec
27:31Just after touchdown
27:34There's an anti-skid fault caution
27:35This supports investigators
27:40Earlier suspicions
27:42That an anti-skid failure
27:43Played a part
27:44In the accident
27:45Hang on
27:48I'm sliding
27:48We gotta get to the bottom
28:00Of that warning
28:01In this case
28:04We did have a fault
28:05On the flight data recorder
28:07Related to this system
28:08That we couldn't explain
28:10And so
28:11With that information
28:13We needed to do
28:15A deeper dive
28:16In a lab
28:17No issues with the control unit
28:24Wheel sensors
28:26Same with the control valves
28:30We tested all the components
28:33Of the anti-skid system
28:34There were no significant faults
28:36So it was a mystery
28:38There's still the cables
28:41That connect the components
28:42Investigators focus on the wires
28:46That carry signals
28:47From the wheels
28:48Right here
28:50Let's take a look
28:52At the wiring
28:52They request that the cables
28:54Be removed
28:55From the left landing gear
28:56As that was the side
28:58That locked
28:58Hey there
28:59Can we get those wire harnesses
29:01Sent up to the lab
29:02When the airplane
29:05Departed the runway
29:05It hit a ditch
29:07And some larger boulders
29:08And it collapsed
29:10The left main gear
29:11Which caused the wiring
29:12To fracture
29:13These are pretty beat up
29:18Investigators examine
29:22Where the cables
29:23Were connected
29:24To the wheels
29:24These are identical
29:31Can't tell the left one
29:33From the right
29:34The team discovers
29:36A potential design flaw
29:37Within the anti-skid system
29:39The connectors at the wheels
29:42Didn't have any
29:42Distinguishing features
29:43So this created
29:45Potential for miswiring
29:46Could the brake cables
29:48Have been connected
29:49To the wrong wheels
29:50Investigators examine
29:52The wires inside the cables
29:53Normally we're able to
29:56Open up a wiring bundle
29:58And look at the wire numbers
30:00On the wires
30:01And compare it
30:02To an electrical diagram
30:03And determine
30:04If it's connected properly
30:06There's no numbering
30:07On these wires
30:08We found the wires
30:11Were so small
30:12The manufacturer
30:12Didn't put wire numbers
30:14On them
30:14So we're concerned
30:16About not being able
30:18To determine
30:19If they're correctly
30:20Connected
30:21There should be
30:22Three wires
30:23Inside the anti-skid cables
30:24So we got three here
30:26Then investigators
30:28Notice something
30:29Out of the ordinary
30:30There's four wires here
30:32There's an extra wire
30:34On the top half
30:35Of this cable
30:35The wiring inside
30:37The top and bottom half
30:38Of the outboard cable
30:39Doesn't match
30:41There's four in each of these
30:47The top outboard cable
30:49And the bottom inboard cable
30:50Each had an extra wire
30:52Which means only one thing
30:54They're crossed
30:58No wonder the anti-skid system
31:01Failed
31:01When the left outboard wheel
31:06Began to skid
31:07The anti-skid system
31:09Mistakenly released pressure
31:10To the inboard brakes
31:12As a result
31:13The skid continued
31:14And the left outboard tire
31:16Burst
31:16That was really
31:17The aha moment
31:18When you have crossed wires
31:21The airplane is then dumping
31:23The brake pressure
31:25To the two
31:26Perfectly good wheels
31:27And allowing the other tire
31:29To skid
31:30Brakes
31:34I got them all the way down
31:37Without braking power
31:39To the two inboard wheels
31:41And a blown left outboard tire
31:43The pilots had a massively
31:45Reduced ability to brake
31:47You're reducing
31:49The effective braking capacity
31:51By 75%
31:52And now
31:53Only the right outboard tire
31:54Is providing braking
31:55The cables have to go through
32:11The entire landing gear
32:12How did maintenance workers
32:14Mistakenly cross the wires
32:16Of the braking system
32:17Leaving the pilots
32:18Of Penn Air Flight 3296
32:20With only one of four
32:21Main landing gear brakes
32:23To stop their plane
32:24See
32:24It's not a straight line
32:26And the wheel attachments
32:27Are identical
32:28So imagine trying to feed
32:31Two wires
32:31Through a small hole
32:32At the base of the landing gear
32:34How do you know
32:34Which one went to the left
32:36And which one went to the right
32:37It would just be so easy
32:39To confuse the two
32:40How long could these
32:41Have been crossed?
32:43According to the records
32:44There was a full overhaul
32:47Of the left main landing gear
32:48When?
32:50January
32:512017
32:52The wires were crossed
32:56Two and a half years
32:58Prior to the accident
32:59We found out
33:02That the aircraft
33:02Had been sitting
33:03For a couple years
33:06In overhaul
33:07And there wasn't
33:09Any sort of procedure
33:10To check to see
33:12If there was any cross wiring
33:14So how many flights
33:16Did it make
33:16Once it was back in service?
33:22About 500
33:23They learned
33:25That the misrouted
33:26Anti-skid wiring
33:27Went undetected
33:28For nearly four months
33:30So why did 500 flights
33:33Manage to stop
33:34But not these guys?
33:35Maybe the malfunction
33:38Was happening
33:39Just on a smaller scale
33:40The balding tire
33:43Was the worn
33:45Left outboard tire
33:46An indication
33:47Of the malfunctioning
33:49Anti-skid system?
33:51We suspected
33:52That there were
33:53Events of skidding
33:54But the difficult thing
33:56Is
33:57It would have to skid
33:58More than a second
33:59And a half
34:00For the airplane
34:01To display a fault
34:02That the system
34:03Was malfunctioning
34:04So this could have
34:06Been happening gradually
34:07With repeated small skids
34:08Creating the bald spot
34:10On the tire
34:10Yeah
34:11But when they landed
34:13At that speed
34:13With that tailwind
34:14They brake longer
34:15And harder
34:16Than in previous flights
34:17Brakes
34:20I got them
34:23All the way down
34:24That's really
34:26The insidious nature
34:27Of this fault
34:28You're not going to
34:29Find out about
34:30This cross wiring
34:31Until you really need it
34:32When you're slamming
34:33On the brakes
34:34Hang on
34:36I'm sliding
34:36With the hidden
34:40Anti-skid fault
34:41Investigators conclude
34:43The pilots of
34:43Penn Air flight 3296
34:45Could not have stopped
34:47Their plane
34:47On runway 13
34:49There's one thing
34:53I'm curious about
34:54Could they have stopped
35:00If they landed
35:00If they landed into the wind
35:01On runway 31 instead
35:02It's possible
35:09Their landing speeds
35:11Would have been slower
35:12And the drag
35:13Caused by the
35:15Extra wind
35:15Would have stopped it
35:17In time
35:17Then why did they choose
35:21Runway 13
35:22In the tailwind
35:23Did the pilots
35:25Of Penn Air flight 3296
35:26Ignore crucial information
35:29About the wind
35:30And execute
35:31A risky landing
35:32The decision
35:32To land on runway 13
35:34With the reported tailwind
35:36Was an inappropriate decision
35:38This was an experienced crew
35:40And you weren't sure
35:42What exactly had happened
35:43Investigators turned
35:45To the cockpit voice recorder
35:47For answers
35:48Pull up from the go around onward
35:51What do you think?
35:56Go around
35:56Max power
35:59Dutch Harbor traffic
36:03Peninsula 3296
36:05Going around
36:05We're going to come back
36:06Around for a visual
36:07We're just going to
36:09Get out of here
36:10Do a 180
36:11And come back in
36:13Roger
36:14Alright
36:14You're at a thousand feet
36:16Pause for a second
36:17So the captain says
36:20That he's doing a 180
36:21Which would line him up
36:23With 3-1
36:23But that's not what he does
36:25He takes a sweeping
36:27360 degree turn
36:28Around the mountain
36:29To 1-3
36:31Why?
36:37We're at 1200
36:42Coming back around
36:43For a 1
36:44For a visual
36:461-3
36:463-1
36:483-1
36:493-1
36:50I thought we were doing
36:511-3
36:511-3
36:521-3
36:521-3
36:53Okay
36:54Sure
36:55I'll try it again
36:56Stop the tape
36:58So the captain wants to go to 3-1
37:03But the first officer questions it
37:05There was a back and forth
37:08Between the captain
37:09And first officer
37:10In terms of
37:11Which runway to use
37:13I would categorize
37:14The captain's leadership
37:15As poor
37:16Okay
37:17Get a wind check
37:18From her again
37:19As the crew
37:20Finalizes the second approach
37:21The captain stays on top
37:23Of the wind reports
37:24Dutch weather
37:243296
37:25Another wind check
37:26Right now
37:28Midfield winds
37:30At 300
37:31At 24 knots
37:33Oh god
37:35Oh crap
37:36Stop the tape
37:38Sounds like they're not happy
37:41With that tailwind
37:41And yet they kept going
37:43The CVR raises questions
37:46About the captain's report
37:48Of a crosswind
37:49They were surprised
37:51Of the
37:51Wind direction
37:52And speed
37:53But
37:54The interesting thing
37:56Is that
37:56They were aware
37:58Of the tailwind
37:59Limitation
38:00For that particular aircraft
38:02But they continued on
38:04With the decision
38:05To land
38:06Try it again
38:11Keep talking
38:12The weather
38:12Why would the pilots
38:14Of Penn Air
38:15Flight 3296
38:16Decide to land
38:18With a tailwind
38:19On a short runway
38:20In Dutch harbor
38:21Alaska
38:22At 24 knots
38:23Alright
38:24We'll try it again
38:25Alright
38:26Last try
38:27Raj
38:27It's like the captain's
38:31Just going along
38:32With what his first officer's saying
38:34He needs to take on
38:36More leadership
38:36The captain suspected
38:393-1
38:39Was the better option
38:40But he never stated
38:42His preference
38:42The captain's capitulation
38:46To land on 1-3
38:48Does show
38:49Ineffective leadership
38:50And
38:51That he did not
38:53Fully
38:53Evaluate
38:54The circumstances
38:55At hand
38:56In order to make
38:57An objective decision
38:59Maybe he was fixated
39:02On landing
39:02Instead of communicating
39:12Their options
39:13They continue
39:14Their approach
39:15Give me speed
39:17Plus 15
39:18Investigators conclude
39:21The pilot's decision
39:22To land on runway
39:231-3
39:24Was intentional
39:25And inappropriate
39:26By making that decision
39:30They put themselves
39:32At risk
39:33But they also
39:34Put the passengers
39:34At risk
39:35Crossed wires
39:37Tailwind
39:38Some poor leadership
39:39It all added up
39:41And very little margin
39:43For error
39:44At such a tricky airport
39:45The pilots of
39:51Penn Air flight
39:523296
39:53Defend their decision
39:54To land on runway
39:551-3
39:56We're at 1200
39:59Coming back around
40:00For a one
40:01The visual
40:021-3
40:023-1
40:043-1
40:053-1
40:06I thought we were doing
40:071-3
40:07Uh
40:09Okay sure
40:10We'll try again
40:11After the first
40:13Landing attempt
40:14The captain claims
40:15His first officer
40:16Saw no change
40:17In wind conditions
40:18On the runway
40:19He called my attention
40:21To it
40:22So I looked again
40:23To evaluate the situation
40:24He was correct
40:25It was a crosswind
40:26If the conditions
40:28Hadn't changed
40:29I didn't see a reason
40:30To change the plan
40:31Dutch weather
40:323296
40:33Another wind check
40:34Right now
40:36Midfield winds
40:38At 300
40:39At 24 knots
40:41Oh god
40:42Oh crap
40:43What we were seeing
40:46Was not what she was
40:49Reporting at that point
40:50In time
40:50Those winds
40:51Were clearly
40:52Crosswind
40:53We could see the whitecaps
40:56And then the windsock
40:57Itself
40:57Was showing a crosswind
40:58Commercial pilot
41:01And passenger
41:01Steve Rainey
41:03Saw something different
41:04I saw a direct tailwind
41:0820 to 30 knots
41:09As a commercial pilot
41:11That is something
41:12That I would not
41:12Have attempted
41:13When you get
41:14Conflicting information
41:15From what you're seeing
41:16That is a tough call
41:19For a pilot
41:19Down
41:26Okay you got the yoke
41:28I got it
41:28Yeah we're down there
41:2980 knots
41:30When the brakes malfunction
41:31The captain is unable
41:33To slow the plane
41:34Brakes
41:36I got them all the way down
41:37We had no braking power at all
41:40If we had one operational brake still
41:42It would have locked up
41:43And blown as well
41:44This particular aircraft
41:46Didn't have an emergency brake
41:48So in the event
41:49That the main system failed
41:50There is no way
41:52To bring this aircraft
41:52To a brake stop
41:54Hang on
41:55I'm sliding
41:56Quick thinking
41:58In turning the plane
41:59Towards a road
42:00Avoids a full plunge
42:02Into Dutch harbour
42:03Go right
42:04Go right
42:04The key to not go
42:07Into the water
42:08Was our decision
42:09To land on 1-3
42:09We had the perimeter road
42:11There was a lot more room
42:13On the 1-3 side
42:14Tragically
42:20Fragments of the left propeller
42:22Ripped through the fuselage
42:24Killing a passenger
42:25You never want to lose a passenger
42:29For any reason
42:31That's been very hard for me
42:35Investigators conclude
42:38The probable cause of the accident
42:40Is incorrect wiring
42:42Of the anti-skid system
42:43Contributing to the accident
42:46Is the pilot's
42:47Inappropriate decision
42:48To land on a runway
42:49With a powerful
42:50Reported tailwind
42:51That troubles me
42:58Because are we supposed
43:00To just blindly rely
43:01On our weather observers
43:02Or are we supposed
43:03To make a decision
43:04As the pilots
43:04On what the best course
43:05Of action is
43:06Based on what we see
43:07Saab released a service bulletin
43:11Advising operators
43:12To inspect the anti-skid system
43:14For crossed wiring
43:15You know
43:17You can't afford
43:18For human error
43:19To be allowed
43:21In connecting wires
43:23That's a very basic thing
43:24Especially on a critical safety
43:27System such as the brakes
43:28For Steve Rainey
43:31The ordeal changed his attitude
43:33About flying
43:34It took quite a while
43:37For myself
43:37To be comfortable again
43:38But we live in a place
43:40Where we have to fly
43:42There's no choices about it
43:44I would hope
43:45That there are lessons here
43:47As far as weather
43:49And maintenance
43:50That can keep accidents like this
43:52From happening again
43:53I might never的
43:55Invest in an alarm
43:55There's nocer
43:56Frca penal
44:01No
44:01Oh
44:01No
44:02Oh
44:03Oh
44:03Yeah
44:03I'm
44:03I'm
44:03So
44:03I'm
44:04No
44:04You
44:04Oh
44:05I'm
44:06No
44:06Oh
44:07Oh
44:08Oh
44:08Oh
44:08I'm
44:09No
44:09Oh
44:09I'm
44:10Oh
44:10No
44:10Oh
44:10Oh
44:11Oh
44:11Yes
44:12Oh
44:13Oh
44:15Oh
44:16Oh
44:17Cold
44:17Oh
44:18Oh
44:18Oh
44:19Oh
44:19Oh
44:20Oh
44:20Oh
44:21Oh
44:21Oh
44:21Oh
44:22Oh
44:22Oh
44:23Oh
Được khuyến cáo
44:03
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