Tempo Eksplainer: Pemerintah akan Batasi Insentif Biodiesel B40, Jenis Bahan Bakar Apa Itu?

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B40 adalah campuran 40 persen biodiesel atau bahan bakar nabati (BBN) dengan 60 persen minyak solar.

Transcript

00:00The budget needs for the biodiesel program

00:02jumped along with the increase in the obligation to burn fossil fuels

00:07based on oil palm oil to the solar

00:10From 35% to 40% or B40

00:14Starting January 1, 2025

00:17The government ensures that it has enough funds

00:20The government plans to allocate B40 as much as 15.62 million kiloliters in 2025

00:29This biodiesel program is the government's effort to reduce the consumption of oil or BBM fuels

00:34as well as vehicle emissions

00:37However, B40 products cannot compete with solar

00:41There is an additional cost from solid materials

00:43which is the molecule of oil palm, fatty acid methyl esters or FEM

00:49which makes the price more expensive

00:52Because the price is more expensive, the government gives incentives to biodiesel producers

00:57by closing the gap between production costs and sales prices

01:02Incentives are given to biodiesel producers to ensure that their stocks are maintained

01:07while the incentive funds come from oil export funds

01:11which is managed by the BPDPKS oil palm plantation fund manager

01:17The size of the incentive is affected by disparities in biodiesel and solar prices

01:22At the beginning of 2024, the gap seems to be widening

01:26As an example, the price difference in January 2023 is at the level of Rp 715 per liter

01:33while in January 2024 it reached Rp 1,382 per liter

01:40In addition, the increased volume of distribution will make the incentive jump

01:46Due to the high price difference and limited funds for the future

01:50the government plans to limit the incentive

01:54Then, what is B40 biodiesel fuel?

01:58B40 is a mixture of 40% biodiesel or nabati fuel or BBN with 60% solar oil

02:08The BBN used in B40 comes from oil palm or CPO

02:14This program is part of the Indonesian government's efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels

02:21reduce carbon emissions and increase the use of renewable energy

02:26Based on the official release of the Ministry of the Interior

02:28B40 is a step forward from the previous program B30

02:32which has been successfully implemented since 2020

02:37The B40 action itself is part of the government's strategy

02:40to not rely too much on fossil fuels

02:43In addition, in order to get greener, cleaner energy

02:49because it does not contain sulfur, it can also save deficits

02:54Biodiesel can be made from various solid materials

02:57and uses various techniques

02:59including esterification and transesterification

03:04One of the fossil fuels that produce biodiesel fuel is palm oil

03:08As the most productive fossil fuel resource

03:111 hectare of palm oil can produce 3.5 tons of fossil oil

03:17Then, how to process palm oil into biodiesel?

03:22Raw palm oil or crude palm oil or CPO

03:25is processed into refined glycid and deodorized palm oil or RBDPO

03:32After that, RBDPO is mixed with methanol and sodium methylene in a mixer

03:38The result of the mixture is then left for 1-2 hours

03:41until the foundation of FEM and glycerin is separated by itself

03:46FEM then goes through a cleaning process

03:48to remove various compounds that can affect its quality

03:52To increase the quality of biodiesel

03:54the water component is dried by heating at a temperature of 130°C for 10 minutes

04:01At the last stage, biodiesel will go through a mechanical filtering stage

04:05to remove particles and dirty molecules

04:08so as to produce the final product with extraordinary quality

04:13Previously, the first trial of using B40 biodiesel on a train

04:17was held at Lempuyangan Station, Yogyakarta

04:20on Monday, July 22, 2024

04:23by using Bogowonto Railway, Yogyakarta-Pasar Senen

04:27The purpose is to test the durability of the Bogowonto train for 1,200 hours

04:33with an estimated return time of 1 time

04:36Bogowonto train from Lempuyangan to Pasar Senen is 22 hours

04:41It is estimated that it will take 50 times of PP

04:44or about 2 months to achieve the result

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