00:00Olives, the fruits of the olive tree, one of the symbols of the Mediterranean diet and the gastronomic culture of many regions of our country,
00:09are an extraordinary source of nutrients of unique and unrepeatable qualities,
00:15and it is this precious and versatile food that will deal with today's episode of The Taste of Health.
00:30Olives are the most famous example of oval trunks that can vary in size and color.
00:54On the other hand, we know that there are black olives and green olives,
00:59and the different coloration certainly depends on the level of maturation reached by the fruit,
01:05but also on the quantities of proteins and fats present.
01:09Their maturation occurs between October and December,
01:13and depending on their characteristics, olives can be used in the kitchen,
01:19so they can be used as a food, but also in the cosmetology of olives.
01:24There are really many varieties, already only in Italy there are a few hundred.
01:30I remember among the most famous the Taggiasche olives, the Ascolane olives,
01:34the Celline olives of Nardò in the province of Lecce,
01:37but let's now briefly focus on the history of olives.
01:41Marco Renna
01:49According to some testimonies, the consumption of olives dates back to about 5,000-6,000 years ago.
01:58We are in the Neolithic period, the fruit of the olive tree,
02:03already present in almost all the countries of the Mediterranean basin,
02:08would come from Tunisia, although for other sources from the Middle East.
02:15In fact, in ancient Rome, in this case we should say in ancient Rome,
02:19the importation of olives dates back to the reign of Tarquinius Priscus,
02:25one of the seven kings of Rome, so we are talking about the 7th century BC.
02:31Olives are also present in the Bible,
02:35it is mentioned in the New Testament about the hours that precede the Passion of Christ,
02:41the Harvest of Olives and the Great Suffering of the Messiah,
02:46and then again on the day of the entry of Jesus to Jerusalem,
02:51in a group at an oak tree, blowing an olive branch as a sign of peace.
02:57What to say about olives?
02:59Well, today, for many young people, they belong to the history and life of everyday life.
03:06We think of those aperitifs based on spritz or gin tonic,
03:11during which green olives cannot be missing.
03:14And then there are also, above all, black olives in oil,
03:18in the warehouses of all our grandmothers, in our homes,
03:23especially in many regions of southern Italy.
03:26And as for the trees that we go to admire, imposing in the countryside,
03:33well, it must be said that once the olives were harvested from the ground,
03:37but this meant that they were contaminated,
03:40that they were loaded with a series of elements
03:44that from the ground went in some way to stain the integrity and goodness of the olives,
03:50especially their acidity.
03:52Otherwise, at a certain point, with European projects aimed at improving the quality of olive oil,
03:59the olives were collected directly from the trees, in the middle of the so-called squatters.
04:05Well, there, really, the oil that came out of it was a high-quality oil.
04:18From a nutritional point of view, 100 grams of olives provide 115 calories.
04:23Most of the weight of the olives is made up of water,
04:26but they have a characteristic triglyceride content,
04:29especially monounsaturated fatty acids, among which the content of oleic acid stands out.
04:34There are also important amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as omega-3 and omega-6.
04:40There is also an important amount of fiber,
04:43essential for the health of our intestinal tract.
04:46As for the content of vitamins, there are vitamins A, but also vitamin B, C and vitamin E.
04:52As for minerals, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium and iodine stand out.
04:57Among the numerous varieties of olives, the Arbequina variety stands out,
05:00a Spanish variety from which a very delicate and light oil is produced,
05:03rich especially in monounsaturated fatty acids and vitamins.
05:07Another variety is the Coroneque, which is a variety rich in essential fatty acids and antioxidants.
05:12Then there are the Frantoio and Leccino varieties, which are Italian varieties,
05:15from which most of the common oil is produced.
05:18Another Spanish variety is the Picoal, which is rich in oleic acid and polyphenol.
05:24In the kitchen, olives are very versatile.
05:26They can be used as they are, for a snack, during an aperitif,
05:30or in the form of olive pâtés to spread, for example, on tarts.
05:34They can also be added to cooked vegetables in a humid or pan,
05:38and the advice is to add them at the end of cooking so as not to alter their flavor much.
05:43The latest novelty, the Nardò cellini olives, typical of the province of Lecce,
05:47are currently combined with fructose, sugar and honey
05:51to give origin to the final product, reminiscent of forest fruits or aromatic nuts.
06:02So, what are the possible benefits of olives?
06:05Well, I would start by saying that, due to their abundant content of monounsaturated fatty acids,
06:12such as oleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 and omega-6,
06:18but also due to the important content of phytosterols,
06:22olives are certainly able to normalize the hematic levels of cholesterol,
06:28reducing the levels of bad cholesterol, LDL cholesterol,
06:32but also, due to the action of omega-3, reducing the values and levels of triglycerides.
06:39Because of this, we can say that olives contribute to maintaining the heart and blood vessels in good health.
06:48One of the main benefits attributable to the consumption of olives is represented by their antioxidant power,
06:56therefore anti-inflammatory.
06:58This property is linked to the content of olives, especially polyphenols.
07:04Polyphenols, among which I recall, for example, European oil,
07:08which is basically able to block free radicals, dangerous free radicals,
07:13which derive from oxidative processes, thus slowing the aging of the cells of our body.
07:23The visual function can also benefit from the consumption of olives,
07:28due to the presence of vitamins A, lutein and zeaxanthin,
07:33which are very useful for eye health.
07:39The rich supply of oleic acid, vitamin E and polyphenols
07:43makes olives particularly useful also in cosmetology.
07:47I recall that oleic acid is an important natural emollient,
07:52which is able to give the skin more elasticity, more hydration, more brightness.
07:58On the other hand, vitamin E, known for its strong antioxidant power,
08:03is able to block the action of free radicals in the skin tissue,
08:09thus guaranteeing a slower aging of the skin.
08:15I recall that the olives most used in cosmetology
08:19are the ones that provide the best quality of oil.
08:26Although they are more commonly associated with salty dishes,
08:30olives also have an unprecedented and, in some ways, surprising role
08:34also in the world of pastry.
08:36There are candied olives, caramelized olives,
08:40as well as ice cream with olive oil, particularly velvety and really surprising in its taste.
08:46There are also panettone, made of honey, sugar and olives,
08:50really sweet to taste.
08:56And when should olives be used in moderation?
09:00Well, first of all, let's say that olives bring with them a discreet sodium flow,
09:06so they should pay attention to their consumption.
09:09People with hypertension or people with renal problems.
09:17The consumption of olives can cause interference with the intake of antidiabetic drugs
09:23and antihypertensive drugs, so pay attention.
09:30Last point to highlight is that related to allergies.
09:35I say right away that there is no correlation between the allergy to olive pollen
09:42and the finished product of that pollen.
09:45In other words, people who are allergic to the so-called flowering of olives
09:51can safely consume olives and their magnificent products.
10:05www.ottobock.com
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