everything about the poorest and fairest president of Uruguay Jose Alberto part 2

kas today

1 year ago

Transcript

00:00Everything About The Poorest And Fairest President Of Uruguay, José Alberto His Life And Everything

00:06About Him Part 2

00:09We continue to tell a stage of the life of the Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn al-Khattab.

00:15Mujica has drawn worldwide attention for his simple lifestyle.

00:19He has used a 1987 Volkswagen Beetle and his 60-year-old bicycle as means of transportation.

00:25In 2010, the value of the car was $1,800 and represented the entirety of the mandatory

00:31annual personal wealth declaration filed by Mujica for that year.

00:36In November 2014, the Uruguayan newspaper Biscueta reported that he had been offered

00:41$1 million for the car.

00:43He said that if he did get $1 million for the car, it would be donated to house the

00:47homeless through a program that he supports.

00:51Mujica is an atheist.

00:53In 2017, Mujica discussed his beliefs, My doubts with God are philosophical.

00:59Or maybe I believe in God.

01:02Maybe I don't know or maybe, as I'm getting closer to death, I need it.

01:06He has spoken positively of the Catholic Church, which he acknowledged is deeply entwined in

01:11Latin American identity.

01:14Mujica is an avid football fan and supports his local team, Cerro.

01:18When the Uruguay national football team returned from their World Cup campaign in 2014 at Carrasco

01:24International Airport, and following FIFA suspending Luis Suarez from all football activities

01:29for four months after biting Italian defender Giorgio Chiellini, Mujica criticized the organization,

01:35calling them sons of bitches who meted out fascist treatments.

01:39Realizing he was being filmed, Mujica covered his mouth.

01:43Journalists then asked if they could publish his remark, to which he replied in laughter

01:48yes.

01:49On April 2024, Mujica announced that he was diagnosed with esophageal cancer, which was

01:55found during a physical examination, adding that the risks to his condition were aggravated

02:00by a pre-existing autoimmune disease.

02:03During the last months of 2013, Serbian film director Amir Kosturica started shooting a

02:08documentary on the life of Mujica, whom he considers the last hero of politics.

02:14The film, titled El Pepe – Una Vida Suprema, was released in 2018.

02:20In 2014 Italian author Frank Iadice wrote the book Brief Dialogo sulla Felicità, which

02:25centers on the life of Mujica.

02:2710,000 copies of the book were printed and distributed for free to local school children.

02:34In June 2016, Mujica received the Order of the Flag of Republika Srpska from the president

02:39of Republika Srpska, Milorad Dodik.

02:42Uruguayan film director Álvaro Brechner's 2018 film A Twelve-Year Night – La noche

02:47de 12 años was based on Mujica's 12-year-long prison life under military dictatorship.

02:54It premiered in official selection at the 75th Venice International Film Festival, and

02:58it was selected as the Uruguayan entry for the Best Foreign Language film at the 91st

03:03Academy Awards.

03:05The film won the Golden Pyramid Award at the 40th Cairo International Film Festival.

03:10During a talk at the 28th Guadalajara International Book Fair Mexico, on Sunday 7 December 2014,

03:18Mujica was interviewed by Mexican journalist Ricardo Rocha.

03:21Uruguay's president addressed several topics, such as drug trafficking, drug legalization,

03:27poverty and social injustice.

03:30We live on the most unjust continent in the world, probably the richest, but with the

03:34worst distribution of wealth.

03:37On Latin America, José Mujica stated that he was passionate about bringing Latin Americans

03:42together, about what defines us as belonging to a great nation that is to be created.

03:47There are multinational states, like China, like India, like what Europe is doing after

03:52a history of wars.

03:54Mujica also addressed the question of the shared linguistic heritage of Latin Americans,

03:59remarking with respect to the region's two major languages that Portuguese is a sweet

04:03Spanish if you speak it slowly, and even more so if it has a feminine sweetness.

04:10And he pointed out another element that unites the countries in Latin America, we have another

04:14identity, the Christian and Catholic tradition.

04:18He concluded his talk by adding, I see that there are many young people here, as an old

04:23man, a little advice.

04:25Life can set us a lot of snares, a lot of bumps.

04:28We can fail a thousand times, in life, in love, in the social struggle, but, if we search

04:33for it, we'll have the strength to get up again and start over.

04:38The most beautiful thing about the day is that it dawns.

04:42There is always a dawn after the night has passed.

04:45Don't forget it, kids.

04:47The only losers are the ones who stop fighting.

04:50In 2021, Carolina DeRibertis published a novel based on Mujica's life, entitled The

04:56President and the Frog published in 2022 as El Presidente e la Rana.

05:01Uruguay's former guerrilla-turned-president, José Mujica, widely known as a leftist icon

05:07who transformed his small country into one of the most socially liberal in all of Latin

05:11America, said Monday that he has esophageal cancer.

05:15Mujica, 88, said he was diagnosed during a routine medical check-up last Friday.

05:21He said the tumor discovered in his esophagus is particularly dangerous because he also

05:26suffers from an autoimmune disease.

05:28"'This is obviously very complicated and doubly so in my case,' the ex-president who governed

05:34Uruguay from 2010 to 2015 told reporters Monday.

05:38He said doctors were assessing the best course of action but warned him that chemotherapy

05:42and surgery pose challenges."

05:46Known among both fans and detractors as Pepe Mujica, the folksy leader of Uruguay, a country

05:51of just 3.3 million people, was first a leader of the Tupamaros, the Marxist guerrilla group

05:56that drew inspiration from the Cuban Revolution.

06:00In the 1960s and early 1970s, Mujica wielded weapons on Montevideo streets in an effort

06:06to overthrow the government, getting shot by police several times and ultimately landing

06:10in prison until the fall of the country's dictatorship led to his release in 1985.

06:16As Uruguay's 40th president, Mujica legalized same-sex marriage, a bold move in the predominantly

06:22Roman Catholic country, and boosted women's rights.

06:26He also made Uruguay the first nation in the world to fully legalize recreational marijuana.

06:32He drew admiration in Uruguay and far afield as a politician who spoke with blunt honesty

06:37and lived up to his own values, shunning the presidential palace in favor of his modest

06:41house on the outskirts of Montevideo and donating most of his salary to charity.

06:46"'I live as I think,' he told the Associated Press in an interview last fall.

06:51"'When we have companions, we're not poor.'"

06:55Although Mujica left the Senate in 2020, he remained a powerful force in a broad front,

07:00a coalition of leftist parties and centrist social democrats.

07:05In his characteristically charming and self-effacing style, Mujica turned a press conference on

07:10his diagnosis into a pep talk for the country's youth.

07:13"'I want to convey to all the young people that life is beautiful, but it wears you out

07:18and you fall,' he said.

07:19"'The point is to start over every time you fall.

07:23If there is anger, transform it into hope.'"

07:26Mujica was born to parents of modest means and grew up in a neighborhood on the outskirts

07:31of Montevideo.

07:33In the early 1960s Mujica joined the Tupomaro, a revolutionary organization founded by Raul

07:39Sendik and others whose goal was to undermine Uruguay's repressive leadership.

07:44Within a few years the Tupomaro turned to violent actions, including arson, political

07:49kidnappings, and assassinations of a number of police officers and some others.

07:54Mujica was arrested several times for his activities and was convicted in 1971 of having

07:59killed a police officer.

08:01He escaped from prison twice but was recaptured both times and served some 14 years in all.

08:08As a prisoner of the brutal military dictatorship that seized power in a coup in June 1973,

08:14Mujica was tortured and spent long periods of time in solitary confinement, including

08:18two years at the bottom of a well.

08:21After the failure of a 1980 plebiscite on a new constitution that stopped short of the

08:26restoration of full democracy, and amid an ever-growing economic crisis, the dictatorship

08:31negotiated a return to democratic government in 1985.

08:36Mujica and the other political prisoners were freed later that year under a general amnesty.

08:41The Tupomaro joined the leftist coalition known as the Broad Front Frente Amplio, FA

08:47and reorganized as a legal political party, the Movement of Popular Participation Movimiento

08:52de Participación Popular, MPP, for the 1989 elections.

08:58Mujica became one of the MPP's leading voices.

09:01Meanwhile, he moved to a farm outside Montevideo with his longtime partner and fellow former

09:06Tupomaro member, Lucia Topolansky, who also remained active in politics.

09:12They married in 2005.

09:15Mujica served one term in the Chamber of Representatives 1995 to 2000 and was then elected to the Senate

09:21in 2000.

09:23In 2004 he was re-elected to the Senate as a member of the progressive encounter Broad

09:28Front Encuentro Progresista Frente Amplio, EPFA coalition, which captured majorities

09:33in both legislative houses and whose presidential candidate, socialist Tabaré Vázquez, also

09:39won election.

09:40In the process, Mujica was sworn in as Senate leader in February 2005.

09:46He also served as Minister of Agriculture, 2005 to 2008, in Vázquez's cabinet.

09:53Riding a wave of approval for Vázquez's successful center-left government, Mujica

09:57sought and won nomination as the EPFA's presidential candidate in the 2009 elections.

10:03One of his chief competitors, Danilo Astori, a fellow senator and former finance minister,

10:08eventually joined the ticket as the vice presidential candidate.

10:12During the campaign, Mujica was the front-runner, but his guerrilla past, which he was at pains

10:17to show was well behind him, stirred controversy, as did his public criticism of the leaders

10:23of some other South American countries, including Argentina and Venezuela.

10:28Although the EPFA maintained its parliamentary majority in voting on October 25, Mujica did

10:34not secure the 50% plus one share of the vote necessary to prevent a runoff election for

10:38the presidency.

10:40In the runoff, held on November 29, Mujica defeated former President Luis Lecal Herrera

10:46of the National Blanco Party and took office March 1, 2010.

10:51Under Mujica's leadership the Uruguayan economy continued to prosper, posting consistent growth

10:56in GDP and per capita GDP while maintaining low unemployment rates.

11:02Against this backdrop, his administration introduced progressive legislation that altered

11:07Uruguay's social landscape.

11:09In June 2012 Mujica proposed that the government legalize and distribute marijuana to cut off

11:14revenue to drug dealers.

11:16Then, in November, a bill was introduced in the House of Representatives outlining a framework

11:22for government regulation of marijuana production, sales, and consumption.

11:27By the end of December 2013, the House and Senate had passed the bill, and Mujica had

11:32signed it into law.

11:34In October 2012 Uruguay had become the first South American country to allow abortions

11:40up to the twelfth week of pregnancy, and in May 2013 Mujica signed a bill that made Uruguay

11:44the second country in Latin America to legalize same-sex marriage.

11:50Mujica was constitutionally prohibited from seeking a second, consecutive term.

11:54But, in much the same fashion that he had ridden into the presidency on the goodwill

11:58generated by the Vázquez regime, he was able to return the favor, as the popularity of

12:03Mujica's rule paved the way for Vázquez's triumph over the National Party's Luis Lecal

12:08Pú, the son of Mujica's opponent in 2009 in the November 2014 presidential runoff election.

12:15Mujica left office the following year.

12:17Tupamaro, Uruguayan leftist urban guerrilla organization founded in about 1963.

12:24The group was named for Tupac Amaru II, the leader of an 18th-century revolt against Spanish

12:30rule in Peru.

12:32The chief founder of Tupamaro was Raúl Sendik, a labor organizer.

12:37The earliest Tupamaro efforts were a mixture of idealism, public relations, and theft,

12:42robbing banks and businesses and distributing food and goods to the poor.

12:47In 1968 Tupamaro began more aggressive efforts to undermine the established order, including

12:52raids on arsenals, arson, political kidnappings, with those taken held in a secret people's

12:58prison, and assassinations of a number of police officers and some others.

13:03The organization also carried out bombings against foreign interests, particularly those

13:08of Brazil and the United States.

13:11In 1971 it kidnapped the British ambassador and held him for eight months.

13:16Its success was brief, however.

13:19By the time of the June 1973 military coup in Uruguay, Tupamaro had been neutralized

13:24by government troops, which managed to kill some 300 members and imprison nearly 3,000

13:30others.

13:31After democratic rule returned to Uruguay in 1985, most of those jailed, including Sendik,

13:37were released under a general amnesty, and Tupamaro was reorganized as a legal political

13:42party.

13:43I stop at this point today.

13:46Until next time, stay curious.

13:48Stay informed, and keep exploring the world's incredible stories.

13:54Soon we will publish.

13:56Part 3.

13:59For watching.

everything about the poorest and fairest president of Uruguay Jose Alberto part 2

Category

Transcript

Be the first to comment

Recommended