00:00Bangladesh's police and army are after the students.
00:04Some where police vans were seen passing over the students, some where helicopters were
00:08seen landing on the roofs of the university.
00:11Thousands of students were seen protesting on the streets.
00:15Some where rallies were taken out, some where protest marches were held.
00:20Soon the students' agitation spread so much that they were forced to block the roads,
00:24highways and railway system.
00:27The situation reached a point where the Bangladesh government pitted the police as well as the
00:31army against the students.
00:34The local media was not reporting anything anyway.
00:37On top of that, the internet, social media and, above all, WhatsApp, more than 200 unarmed
00:43students were killed, thousands were injured and countless students were arrested.
00:48Along with all this, Bangladesh has suffered a loss of more than 2 billion dollars due
00:53to the country being shut down for so many days.
00:57After all this, the only thing on everyone's mind is that the country has lost more than
01:012 billion dollars.
01:03The question that is being raised is why is all this happening in Bangladesh?
01:08Once again welcome to World Stories Videos.
01:11All this started after a decision of the High Court on June 5th, 2024 when they reinstated
01:17the quota system in Bangladesh civil services.
01:20Initially some peaceful protests were seen but after that Eid holidays were to come,
01:25due to which protests were postponed across the country.
01:29After Eid, students started protesting again and this time it was a bit more serious.
01:34They blocked roads and demanded an end to the quota system.
01:38Although the purpose of the protest was to end the quota system, soon many more people
01:42joined it.
01:43A Whammy League party is in power in Bangladesh and this party has a student wing called Chhatra
01:49League.
01:50Members of Chhatra League started protesting.
01:53On this issue, a wave of anger ran among the students who were earlier protesting only
01:58against the quota system.
02:00At the same time, the army used IN vehicles against the protesters at many places which
02:05led to the understanding that perhaps the United Nations was also involved in all this.
02:11When this news ran on the international media, the United Nations got a bad impression all
02:15over the world and the UN sought the reason for doing so from Bangladesh.
02:21It was found that some vehicles were rented to the UN mission but the logo was not removed
02:25from them.
02:26The anger of the protesters had not yet subsided when on July 14th, 2024, Bangladesh Prime
02:32Minister Sheikh Hasina made some remarks which made the matter more serious.
02:38She said that if freedom fighters are not given quota in jobs, then will razzakers be
02:42given quota?
02:44This statement of the Prime Minister, so it was like you started a fire, but you will
02:47understand the real value of this statement when you will know about freedom fighters
02:51and razzakers.
02:53As you know, before 1971 Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan.
02:58At that time it was called East Pakistan while today's Pakistan was called West Pakistan.
03:04Both East and West Pakistan were divided by India.
03:08The distance between these two was also very big and apart from religion there were many
03:12differences between the two in which the difference of language was the biggest.
03:17Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's Awami League had a lot of hold in East Pakistan.
03:22Therefore Bangladesh while in West Pakistan there were different political parties.
03:27Martial law was imposed in Pakistan at that time and General Yaya Khan who was the Chief
03:31Martial Law Administrator at that time was responsible for conducting general elections
03:36in Pakistan.
03:38In these elections East Pakistan's Awami League got a lot of success.
03:43Who swept 167 out of 169 seats of East Pakistan.
03:49Now the total seats of National Assembly of Pakistan were 300 out of which 167 therefore
03:54more than half of the seats were taken by Awami League of East Pakistan.
03:59Which meant that Awami League could easily form its government in the National Assembly
04:03of Pakistan but the military leadership of that time did not want this due to which a
04:08movement of civil disobedience started in East Pakistan.
04:12On March 7th, 1971 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman gave a hint of separation from Pakistan in
04:18his speech and on March 23rd the first Bangladeshi flag was hoisted on many houses of East Pakistan.
04:25The result of this was that a military operation was launched in East Pakistan whose aim was
04:30to stop East Pakistan from separating from West Pakistan.
04:34This war for independence of Bangladesh continued for the next nine months.
04:39The war continued till 1928 in which some units of the military in East Pakistan broke
04:44away from Pakistan and formed their own force to gain independence which is also called
04:49Bangladesh forces Muktibani or Freedom Fighters.
04:53On the other hand the group present in Bangladesh itself which supported West Pakistan was called
04:58Razakars.
05:00In the last two weeks of this war Bangladesh also got India's support and thus East Pakistan
05:05separated from West Pakistan and became Bangladesh.
05:10Now since Bangladesh became independent with the help of Freedom Fighters Sheikh Mujibur
05:14Rahman who had become the President of Bangladesh kept a separate quota of 30 for Freedom Fighters
05:20and Bangladesh Civil Services.
05:23In 1997 i.e. after 26 years of liberation war the recruitment of Freedom Fighters and
05:29Bangladesh Civil Services decreased significantly due to which the government increased this
05:34quota.
05:35The quota was increased not only for Freedom Fighters but also for their children and then
05:40in 2010 the quota of Freedom Fighters was made eligible for their grandchildren as well.
05:46But even then only 10 generations of Freedom Fighters were taking this quota and the rest
05:50of the quota was wasted in the whole country.
05:53The quota of those who wanted to get a job in Civil Services by working hard on merit
05:57was 44 and that too started falling short now.
06:01So the students felt very bad that even after working so hard we cannot even come in the
06:0644th quota of merit whereas the family of Freedom Fighters can easily get a government
06:10job without doing anything.
06:13On March 8th, 2018 a petition was filed in Bangladesh High Court against the quota system
06:18which was rejected by the court.
06:21At that time Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina said that she personally wants to keep a quota
06:25for the families of Freedom Fighters on which the students raised a voice against the quota
06:30system.
06:31They said that the remaining quota of Freedom Fighters should be merged with the merit quota
06:35or the quota of Freedom Fighters should be reduced.
06:39On this, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina issued an executive order and abolished the quota
06:43system from Bangladesh Civil Services.
06:47There was silence for the next few years but then suddenly on June 5th, 2024, Bangladesh
06:52High Court cancelled that executive order of Sheikh Hasina and reinstated the quota
06:57system and from here the protests started again.
07:00When the situation went out of control, on July 21st, 2024, the Supreme Court of Bangladesh
07:06passed an order for a major change in the quota system.
07:10In that order, a 93% quota was given for merit which was earlier 44% and the quota of Freedom
07:16Fighters which was earlier 30% was reduced to 5%.
07:21After this order was fixed for the workers on 1, the students decided to end the protest
07:26only on the condition that their arrested friends be released and the government officials
07:30of the areas where students were beaten resign.
07:33At present, at the time this video is being made, the demands of the students have not
07:38been met but the government believes that the situation is under control to a large
07:42extent.
07:44Mobile services, internet and social media are being opened again.
07:48What do you think about this whole scenario?
07:51Do tell me in the comment section.
07:54I hope you people will like and share this video a lot.
07:58See you in the next amazing video.
08:00Peace.
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