Turkey | Istanbul | Hagia Sophia| Ayasofya | Sancta Sophia | Ἁγία Σοφία | UNESCO World Heritage Site
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The Hagia Sophia is an enormous architectural marvel in Istanbul, Turkey, that was originally built as a Christian basilica nearly 1,500 years ago. Much like the Eiffel Tower in Paris or the Parthenon in Athens, the Hagia Sophia is a long-enduring symbol of the cosmopolitan city. However, as notable as the structure is itself, its role in the history of Istanbul—and, for that matter, the world—is also significant and touches upon matters related to international politics, religion, art and architecture.The Hagia Sophia anchors the Old City of Istanbul and has served for centuries as a landmark for both Orthodox Christians and Muslims, as its significance has shifted with that of the dominant culture in the Turkish city.Istanbul straddles the Bosporus strait, a waterway that serves as a geographic border between Europe and Asia. The Turkish city of nearly 15 million residents thus lies in both continents.


Hagia Sofia Today

The Hagia Sophia’s role in politics and religion remains a contentious one, even today—some 100 years after the fall of the Ottoman Empire.Since 1935, nine years after the Republic of Turkey was established by Ataturk, the legendary structure has been operated as a museum by the national government, and it reportedly attracts more than three million visitors annually.However, since 2013, some Islamic religious leaders in the country have sought to have the Hagia Sophia once again opened as a mosque. And, the debate isn’t just a religious one: For much of the 21st century, Turkey’s society has witnessed a rise in nationalistic fervor, with a growing recognition of the Ottoman era as being a fundamental part of the country’s history.As the capture of Istanbul, and the Hagia Sophia, from the Orthodox Greeks by the Muslim Ottomans is considered a high-water mark of that period, there are some who are advocating for the building’s use as a mosque as a symbol of this history.For now, though, the building remains open to tourists.


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